Speak Like A Native: 101 Words To Talk About Your Daily Life!

49,290 views ใƒป 2024-10-18

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome to this English vocabulary master class.
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์ด ์˜์–ด ์–ดํœ˜ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Today you're going to learn 101 words that youย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:08
can use in your daily speechย  to sound fluent and natural.
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์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 101๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
The best way to expand your vocabulary is toย  learn full phrases instead of individual words.
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์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋Œ€์‹  ์ „์ฒด ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
So first, in this master class,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋จผ์ € ์ด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์—์„œ๋Š”
00:26
you'll learn 12 great things thatย  you can say in daily conversations.
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์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 12๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Number one, do you wanna grab a coffee after work?
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž” ํ•˜์‹ค๋ž˜์š”?
00:35
Do you know this phrase?
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์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:36
This is a casual way toย  invite someone to socialize.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ต ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
So I said, do you want to grab coffee after work?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€, ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž” ํ• ๋ž˜? ๋™๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ต ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ
00:45
You could say this to your coworker becauseย  you're inviting your coworker to socialize.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:50
Or maybe you texted this to your friend.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
You're both working and you'reย  going to socialize after work.
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ต ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Now in this case, grab meansย  have a coffee or get a coffee.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋žฉ์€ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
It's the same meaning and you can use thisย  with coffee, tea, lunch, dinner, or a bite.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ปคํ”ผ, ์ฐจ, ์ ์‹ฌ, ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„์‹๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
A bite means a meal, but careful becauseย  you cannot say, do you want to grab a movie?
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ํ•œ์ž…์€ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ํ™” ํ•œ ํŽธ ๋ณผ๋ž˜?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:17
Do you want to grab a walk?
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์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:18
Do you want to grab a football game?
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์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋žŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‚˜์š”?
01:21
You can't say these things, but you canย  use this expression with any food or drink.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์—๋„ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So you can say let's grab a coffee this weekend.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž” ํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
01:31
You can use whatever time reference you want.
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
We should grab a coffee this week.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž” ํ•˜์ž.
01:38
We need to grab coffee soon.
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์…”์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
01:41
When are you free to grab coffee?
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์–ธ์ œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:43
So many alternative ways to say this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Do you want to grab dinner sometime?
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ˆ?
01:48
You want to grab breakfast?
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์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‚˜์š”?
01:49
You want to grab a coffee?
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์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž” ๋“œ์‹ค๋ž˜์š”?
01:50
Don't worry about taking notes because Iย  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:55
You can find the link in theย  description #2 You bet, you bet.
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์„ค๋ช… #2์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:00
I use this expression every.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋งค๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
02:02
Day, and now you can too.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
This is a casual way to affirm something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
It's the same as saying definitely or absolutely.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
So let's say your friend texts you andย  says let's grab a coffee this weekend.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ์ž” ํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
You can reply back to affirm thisย  request or invitation and say, you bet.
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๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด ์š”์ฒญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  '๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
You bet.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Your friends or your sister orย  your girlfriend wife might say,ย ย 
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ, ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ '
02:32
do you want to go shopping this weekend again?
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋˜ ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ๋ž˜?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
To affirm that casually, like a native speaker,ย  you can say you bet or Are you ready to go?
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ์–ด์š” ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Now you're affirming thatย  yes, you are ready to go.
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์ด์ œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
So you can simply say you bet, you bet,ย  I'm ready to go, but just say you bet.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‚ด๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
So I can ask you, Are you readyย  to move on to the next expression?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
If you are, then say you bet,ย  you bet, Jennifer, you bet.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์žฅ๋‹ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
03:04
I'm ready to move on.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
But you can just say you bet.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‚ด๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
03:08
Put that in the comments.
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๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:10
Sure, you bet, You bet.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
You bet.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Now let's move on #3 Keep me posted.
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์ด์ œ #3์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:17
Have you heard this one?
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์ด ๋ง ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:19
Maybe you've heard Keep me updated.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์‹  ์†Œ์‹์„ ์ „ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Posted means updated.
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๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋จ์€ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ โ€‹โ€‹์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
It's the same thing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
This is a casual way to ask someoneย  to share information or news with you.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด๋‚˜ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
But when it's available,ย  so as it becomes available.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
So let's say you're talking to yourย  friend or family member and theyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
03:41
say tomorrow I'm meeting with Zacsย  teacher to discuss his poor grades.
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๋‚ด์ผ Zacs ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
And Zach is this person's young son.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žญ์€ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
03:51
Maybe he's 8 years old now.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ 8์‚ด์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
03:53
To say to this person that you wantย  her to share information with youย ย 
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด '
04:00
as it's happening, you canย  simply say keep me posted.
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๊ณ„์† ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
Keep me posted.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
04:07
This means after the meetingย  tell me what happened.
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์ฆ‰, ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
04:11
Keep me posted.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
04:13
Maybe your friend says I might not be able to grabย  coffee this weekend because my in laws are coming.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์‹œ๋Œ์ด ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
So you can reply back and say keep me posted.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด ๊ณ„์† ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
This means let me know if you can or can'tย  come when that information is available.
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์ฆ‰, ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
04:33
Keep me posted, keep me posted, keep meย  posted, keep me posted #4 I'd better get going.
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๊ณ„์† ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜, ๊ณ„์† ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜, ๊ณ„์† ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜, ๊ณ„์† ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜ #4 ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
04:40
Have you heard this one?
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์ด ๋ง ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:41
This is a casual way toย  say that you need to leave.
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์ด๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
So you may say, oh wow, it'sย  already 845 I'd better get going.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ '์™€, ๋ฒŒ์จ 845์‹œ์•ผ. ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š” .
04:52
I'd better leave the kids go to bed at 9:00 PM.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์˜คํ›„ 9์‹œ์— ์žฌ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
Now notice here I'd this is a contraction ofย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ I had better์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
I had better so make sure youย  get that I'd repeat after me.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ
05:07
I'd I'd I'd better I'd better get going.
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๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:12
And of course get going means leave.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ
05:15
You can use this as a suggestionย  to the person you're with.
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์ œ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:18
We'd better get going if we don'tย  want to be stuck in traffic.
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๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
Or again, look at the time.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:26
This is an expression.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
Look at the time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:28
This is when you want toย  remark on what time it is.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ๋ช‡ ์‹œ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Look at the time I.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ข€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:33
Better get going, I better get going.
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๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:36
Well, I better get going, I better getย  going #5 When do you want to head out?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚œ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ #5 ์–ธ์ œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ˆ?
05:41
Do you know what this means?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:42
Head out.
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๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
05:43
This is a casual way to askย  when someone wants to leave.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
So head out.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
05:49
This is a phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
The main verb is head, and the preposition is out.
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๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ด๊ณ , ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” out์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And this phrasal verb means leave.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
05:57
You could say I'd better head out.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
06:00
Remember I had better, I'd better,ย  but you can use I'd better head out.
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๋” ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ๋” ์ข‹์•˜์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:07
Or you can say when do you want to get going?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
06:11
Get going means leave.
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Get Going์€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
So get going means leave,ย  and head out means leave.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ go go๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
You can mix and match them.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Head now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
06:19
So you're heading out numberย  six, I'm short on time.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ 6๋ฒˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์š”.
06:23
This is something you can say every dayย  because we're usually short on time.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์ผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
This is a casual way to say you don't haveย  a lot of time to be short on something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:36
In this case, time means you have aย  limited or small amount of something.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์–‘์ด ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ
06:44
You could say I'd betterย  head out our last expression,ย ย 
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I'd better outย head out์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
I'd better head out or I'd betterย  get going because I'm short on time.
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I'd better out out ๋˜๋Š” I'd better get go ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Time is 1 common noun that youย  can use with this expression.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ์ด
06:57
You can also say I'm short onย  money, I'm short on patience.
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๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค , ์ธ๋‚ด์‹ฌ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
It means you have a limited amount of not a lotย  of or in a business context, I'm short on ideas.
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์ด๋Š” ์ œํ•œ๋œ ์–‘์˜ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
I'm a little short on cash.
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ํ˜„๊ธˆ์ด ์ข€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์š”.
07:13
It's a long story, I'm shortย  on time #7 I love this one.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์š”. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์š”. #7 ์ด๊ฑฐ ์ •๋ง ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋„ค์š”.
07:17
I'm here if you need me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:20
This is a casual way to offer help or support.
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์ด๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
So remember your friend that wasย  meeting with her son's teacher,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์•„๋“ค์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:29
her son Zach to discuss his poor gradesย  And remember you said, what did you say?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์•„๋“ค Zach๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์„ฑ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:36
You said keep me posted, share information aboutย  that meeting as it happens, as it's available.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์†Œ์‹์„ ์ „ํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ , ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:45
So your friend replies back toย  you and shares that information.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
And she says his teachers said he should haveย  a private tutor to help him improve his grades.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์„ฑ์  ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Now you want to show support to your friendย  because this is a difficult thing for her.
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์ด์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
So you can say I'm here if you needย  me, I'm here if you need anything.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
I'm here if there's anything I can do.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:11
I'm here to help in any way I can.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
So again, there's always multipleย  ways to say one thing in English.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Start with one, learn the structure, and then seeย  how you can change it as you get more comfortable.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ตํžŒ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:26
You don't have to use all of them.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
I'm here if you need me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:30
I'm here if you need me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:31
OK #8 I'm all ears.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด #8 ๋‚œ ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด.
08:35
This is a casual way to let someone know you'reย  listening closely or paying full attention.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:42
So what about you right now?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:44
Are you all ears?
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๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:46
Are you listening very closely to this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:49
I hope you are put you badย  to put you bad if you are.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
Now you just said to yourย  friend, I'm here if you need me.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
Maybe you could add on and say if you want toย  grab coffee and chat about your son, I'm all ears.
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๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
So you're.
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09:06
Offering support to your friend by letting herย  know that you are going to pay full attention.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
09:14
Listen closely, I'm all ears.
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์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด, ๋‚œ ๋‹ค ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด.
09:18
Or you could say to your brother or yourย  wife, I'm heading out in 10 minutes.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ˜•์ œ๋‚˜ ์•„๋‚ด์—๊ฒŒ 10๋ถ„ ํ›„์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
But until then, I'm all ears.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
So I'm going to give you my fullย  attention, but only for 10 minutes.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์˜จ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ, 10๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ๋งŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
So again, if you're payingย  full attention to this lesson,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์™€
09:34
to all these amazing expressions, alsoย  put all ears, all ears in the comments.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—๋„ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
I'm all ears, I'm all hereย  #9 can we take a rain chunk?
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๋‚œ ๊ท€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ๋‚œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด #9 ๋น„ ์ข€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ?
09:45
Have you heard this before?
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:46
A rain chunk.
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๋น„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ.
09:48
This is a casual way to both decline an invitationย  but also to express interest in doing it later.
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์ด๋Š” ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
So you could say to your friend or Co worker,ย  I'd love to grab a bite tonight but I have a big.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ' ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ํ•œ ์ž… ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ์–‘์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Meeting tomorrow, can we take a rain check?
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๋‚ด์ผ ํšŒ์˜, ์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:11
So you're letting your friend or Co workerย  know not tonight but hopefully in the future.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๋ ค ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
But this is a very general expression becauseย  you don't have a specific plan to meet again,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†๊ธฐ
10:24
so you would have to arrange the specifics.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
Your friend could say my in laws areย  going to keep me busy this weekend.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์‹œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋น ์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Can we take a rain check?
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์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:35
Because remember previously you made plans withย  your friend, but then her in laws are coming.
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์ด์ „์— ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์›  ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:41
So now she wants to take a rain check.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
She wants to decline the invitation you currentlyย  have but say we'll do it again in the future.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
Thank you.
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10:53
Can we take a rain check?
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:55
We take a rain check.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
All right #10 let's play it by ear.
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์ข‹์•„์š” #10 ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ
11:00
This is an expression I use a lotย  because I love playing things by ear.
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์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด์—์š” .
11:06
This is a casual way to suggest beingย  flexible and deciding as things happen.
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
So if you play something by ear, itย  means you decide as you go along.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
Remember your friend said Iย  need to take a rain check?
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์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ์ฒœ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
11:21
Maybe she could add on and sayย  I should be free next weekend.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†
11:26
I'll keep you posted.
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์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
I'll share that informationย  as it becomes available.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
You can reply back and say noย  worries, let's just play it by ear.
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๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:36
So you're letting your friendย  know that you'll go for coffee.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
You'll grab coffee whenever itย  makes sense for both of you.
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ ํ•ฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
You're being flexible.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
You don't need a specific time.
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
You're just going to play it by ear.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Or if you're going out for a family dinner,ย  someone might say, should we make a reservation?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
But then you can say, let's playย  it by ear and see how we feel.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์ธ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
Because if you make a reservation,ย ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:05
you have to be there at a specific time andย  you have to go to that specific restaurant.
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์™€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
But maybe you want to be more flexible.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ข€ ๋” ์œ ์—ฐํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
You want to play it by ear.
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๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
You're right.
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12:16
Let's play it by ear.
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๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•„์š”.
๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:18
Let's play that one by ear.
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๊ทธ ๊ณก์€ ๊ท€๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:19
OK, let's play this one by ear #11 hang in there.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 11๋ฒˆ ๊ท€๋กœ ์ด ๊ณก์„ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
This is a casual way to encourage someoneย  to persist through a tough situation.
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์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:32
Hang in there is the same as sayingย  keep strong, keep going, don't give up.
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ํž˜๋‚ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๊ณ„์† ํž˜๋‚ด์„ธ์š”, ๊ณ„์† ์ „์ง„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
This expression became very popular because ofย ย 
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€
12:44
this poster with a cat hanging from aย  rope and the caption is hang in there.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐง์ค„์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์บก์…˜์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์žˆ๋Š” ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
This poster is seen in officeย  buildings around the world most likely,ย ย 
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์ด ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ,
12:56
maybe even in your country and in people's homes.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
It's a very popular poster.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
So the expression is very popular as well.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Maybe your friend sends you a text andย  says my in laws are driving me crazy.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ ๋‚ด ์‹œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
Do you know that expression are driving me crazy?
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๊ทธ ํ‘œ์ •์ด ๋‚  ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„?
13:14
They are producing a lot ofย  negativity or negative emotion in me.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
They're driving me crazy.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
13:22
But then you can reply back and say hang in there,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ '
13:26
be strong, get through thisย  situation, hang in there.
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ํž˜๋‚ด์„ธ์š”, ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ด์„ธ์š” , ๋ฒ„ํ…จ๋ณด์„ธ์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
They're leaving in 2 days.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 2์ผ ํ›„์— ๋– ๋‚  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”.
13:33
But you could add on I'm here if you needย  me, or you could add on if you need to vent.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
I'm all ears.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ท€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
Do you know what to vent means?
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ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค(vent)๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
13:44
When you vent, it means you talkย  freely about your negative emotions.
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ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
So you're giving your friend permission to justย  lay on all the negative emotions for a period ofย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ๋งŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ
13:59
time just to get it out of her system.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ค๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
That means to vent.
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์ฆ‰ ํ†ตํ’์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
Hang in there, Andre, Hang in there, number 12.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ์ฐธ์œผ์„ธ์š”, ์•™๋“œ๋ ˆ, ์กฐ๊ธˆ๋งŒ ์ฐธ์œผ์„ธ์š”, 12๋ฒˆ.
14:07
Take care.
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:09
I'm sure you know this one, but Iย  want you to feel confident using it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
This is a casual way to say goodbyeย  and it adds on a caring tone.
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์ด๋Š” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
This is used with friends, coworkers.
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์นœ๊ตฌ, ๋™๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
It's used when you leave a restaurantย  or a shopping mall or anywhere.
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๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘ ์ด๋‚˜ ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ ๋“ฑ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
It's extremely common.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
So you can say have a great night, take care.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐค ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”, ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
It was great catching up, take care.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:35
So just know this can beย  combined with other farewells.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋งŒ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”.
14:39
Have a great night, see you soon.
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์ข‹์€ ๋ฐค ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”. ๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
And then at the end, you can addย  on take care, take care, take care.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ' take care, take care, take care'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
14:49
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the finely fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
15:00
the movies, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
15:07
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
15:16
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
15:19
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:24
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
Now you'll learn 21 words that youย  can use every day to impress natives.
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์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 21๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
First you'll learn the word, but then you'll see aย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
15:35
real world example so you understand howย  that word is used in context #1 dazzling.
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์‹ค์ œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ #1์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
Dazzling.
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๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹ . ์ฐธ
15:44
That's a fun word to say.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
15:46
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:47
Dazzling.
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๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹ .
15:49
This is an adjective that means brilliantย  and impressive, leaving a lasting impression.
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ํ™”๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
I could say you look absolutelyย  dazzling in that outfit and noticeย ย 
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๊ทธ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:04
how I added absolutely to make it even stronger.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์˜ท์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:08
Or I could say she started herย  presentation with a dazzling smile.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹  ๋ฏธ์†Œ๋กœ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š” .
16:14
So what do you think of my smile?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
16:15
Is it dazzling?
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๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹œ์ฃ ?
16:17
If it is, then put dazzling put.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹  ํ’‹์„ ๋„ฃ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:19
Dazzling in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹œ๋„ค์š”.
16:21
Because.
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16:21
Putting it in the comments.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด.
๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
Will help you remember it.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
Put dazzling in the comments #2 caveat.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€ #2 ์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:30
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:31
Caveat.
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๊ฒฝ๊ณ .
16:33
This is a noun and it's aย  warning or cautionary statement.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
These words will impress nativeย  speakers, but there's one caveat.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•  ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
There's one warning.
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๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
You need to pronounce them correctly.
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
So repeat after me caveat.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:53
Or you could say he agreed to be interviewedย  with the caveat that he could review the article.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์— ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
Don't worry about taking notes because Iย  summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์„ค๋ช… #3 ์™„ํ™”
17:06
You can find the link in theย  description #3 Alleviate.
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์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:10
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:11
Alleviate.
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๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ
17:13
This is a verb that means to make somethingย  negative, like a pain or a problem, less severe.
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๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:22
For example, taking a walk can alleviate stress.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์™„ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
It can make it less severe orย  practicing your speech beforehand,ย ย 
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๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
17:33
maybe for a job interview or a presentation,ย  can alleviate your public speaking anxiety.
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๋ฉด์ ‘์ด๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ค‘ ์—ฐ์„ค ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:40
It can make it less severe.
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๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:43
So make sure you practice #4ย  a fun one to say conundrum.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ #4๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
17:50
Repeat after me conundrum.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
17:53
Conundrum.
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์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ.
17:55
This is a noun and it's a confusingย  and difficult problem or question.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
He faced a conundrum.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚œ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
So notice that verb is face.
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
18:06
You face a conundrum.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
He faced a conundrum aboutย  which job offer to accept.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์— ๋น ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:14
So maybe he has this job offer, but thenย  he calls you as his friend and he says,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
it's my dream job, but if I accept it, I'llย  have to move overseas away from my family.
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๋‚ด ๊ฟˆ์˜ ์ง์—…์ธ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ํ•ด์™ธ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
18:30
And then you can reply back andย  say, well, that's a conundrum,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‚œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:35
That's a difficult problemย  you're facing #5 frivolous.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. #5 ๊ฒฝ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
Also fun to say frivolous.
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๊ฒฝ๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
18:44
Frivolous.
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์ฒœ๋ฐ•ํ•œ.
18:46
This is an adjective that means notย  having any serious purpose or value.
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:53
We commonly use this with money.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:56
He spends all his money on frivolous items,ย  on items that have no purpose or value.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด, ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ˆ์„ ์Ÿ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
Or you could say they arguedย  over something frivolous,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ผ,
19:08
something meaningless, no purpose, no value.
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๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ผ, ๋ชฉ์ ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ, ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ๋กœ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
Hopefully you're thinkingย  this lesson isn't frivolous,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์†”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
which means it does have purposeย  and it does provide you value.
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์ฆ‰, ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
So this lesson isn't frivolous.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์†”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
Would you agree?
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:26
Put that's right.
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๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
19:27
Put that's right, that's right in the comments.
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๋งž๋‹ค, ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋‹ค.
19:30
Number six, perplex.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:33
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:34
Perplex.
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๋‹นํ˜น์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค. ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
19:36
This is a verb that means to confuse and worryย  someone by being difficult to understand or solve.
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:45
For example, the patient'sย  symptoms perplexed the doctors.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:52
The doctors found the symptoms difficult.
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์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Understand and then solve.
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์ดํ•ดํ•œ ํ›„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:57
So it caused some worry or confusion.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
Or you could say I was perplexed byย  these words, the words in this lesson.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด, ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:09
Notice that passive structure.
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์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:11
I was perplexed by these words, butย  Jennifer helped me understand them.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ง์— ๋‹นํ™ฉํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
Hopefully you agree with that #7 nostalgia.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ #7 ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
Repeat after me nostalgia.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚จ ๋’ค ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:24
This is a noun and it's a feeling of pleasure butย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ผ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
20:28
also slight sadness when you thinkย  about things that happened in the past.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šฌํ””๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:35
Some people feel nostalgia because nostalgiaย  is a noun, so you can feel nostalgia.
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๋…ธ์Šคํƒค์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ , ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
20:43
Some people feel nostalgia for theirย  school days, so thinking about theirย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•™์ฐฝ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ,
20:49
school days in the past, it brings someย  pleasure, but a little bit of sadness.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•™์ฐฝ์‹œ์ ˆ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์Šฌํ”„๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
Can you relate to that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ณต๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:56
Or you could say hearing that songย  again filled him with nostalgia.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜์— ์ –์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
You can be filled with this noun.
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์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
Nostalgia number 80.
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ํ–ฅ์ˆ˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ 80.
21:08
This is a good one.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:09
Ominous.
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๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ.
21:10
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:11
Ominous.
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๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ.
21:13
This is an adjective, and it means givingย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ,
21:16
the impression that something badย  or unpleasant is going to happen.
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์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:23
We commonly use this with the weather.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ ์”จ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:26
You could look up and sayย  the dark clouds are ominous.
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๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฒ€์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
So what's the bad thing that's going to happen?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:34
A severe storm.
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์‹ฌํ•œ ํญํ’.
21:36
Or you could say he had anย  ominous feeling about the meeting.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํšŒ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
Something bad is going to happen.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
Maybe the client won't sign the contract, orย  he won't get the answer he wanted #9 acquiesce.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. #9 ๋ฌต์ธ.
21:53
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:55
Acquiesce.
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๋ฌต์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:57
Acquiesce.
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๋ฌต์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:59
This is a verb, and it means to agree passively.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:04
So to agree, but you don't really want to.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
You don't want to initially, butย  you eventually say, OK, I acquiesce.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:17
For example, I wanted to go to Hawaii,ย  but my husband wanted to go to Iceland.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜์™€์ด์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:25
I acquiesced.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
22:27
So my question for you, my smartย  student, is where did I go on vacation?
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๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ฌ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํœด๊ฐ€์— ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
Did I go to Hawaii or Iceland?
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ํ•˜์™€์ด๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋‚˜์š”?
22:39
Put your answer in the comments.
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๋‹ต์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
22:41
Hawaii or Iceland, Put it inย  the comments #10 consensus.
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ํ•˜์™€์ด์ธ์ง€ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์ธ์ง€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ 10๋ฒˆ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
22:47
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:49
Consensus.
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์˜๊ฒฌ ์ผ์น˜.
22:51
This is a noun and it meansย  general agreement among a group.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:56
Remember, to have general agreement,ย  you don't need 100%, you need 505155.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 100%๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ 505155๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:05
That would be the minimumย  amount for a general consensus.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:10
For example, we couldn't reach a consensus.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:13
So the verb you use is to reach a consensus.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
We couldn't reach a consensusย  on where to go for vacation.
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ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:22
Hawaii or Iceland, we couldn't reach a consensus.
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ํ•˜์™€์ด๋“  ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ๋“  ํ•ฉ์˜์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:26
Or you could say there is a consensusย  that the proposal needs revisions.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ์„œ์— ์ˆ˜์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
So this means that the majority of people agreeย  that the proposal needs revisions #11 itinerary.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ์„œ์— #11 ์ผ์ • ์ˆ˜์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
I'm always surprised when my students,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค,
23:45
even my advanced students, don't knowย  this word because it's so commonly used.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Š˜ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:51
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:52
Itinerary.
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์—ฌ์ •.
23:54
This is a noun, and it's a detailedย  plan or route for an event or vacation.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ํœด๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
For example, have you plannedย  your itinerary for Iceland?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ผ์ •์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
24:09
Because remember, I acquiesced, so I agreed withย ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌต์ธํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•˜์™€์ด์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จํŽธ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:14
my husband who wanted to go to Icelandย  even though I wanted to go to Hawaii.
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.
24:19
Did you understand that?
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
24:21
Did you get that?
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์–ด?
24:22
So have you planned yourย  itinerary for Iceland yet?
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์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ผ์ •์€ ์•„์ง ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
24:26
So the itinerary would tell you what activitiesย  you're doing on each day of that trip.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ผ์ •์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์—ฌํ–‰์˜ ๋งค์ผ ์–ด๋–ค ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
Or you could say we have a very busyย  itinerary, all the things you have planned.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”์œ ์ผ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:41
Now don't confuse us withย  the next word #12 agenda.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด #12 ์˜์ œ์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
24:45
Repeat after me agenda.
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๋‚ด ์˜์ œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
24:48
Most students know this, but don'tย  confuse it with an itinerary becauseย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ •ํ‘œ์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
24:54
an agenda is a list of itemsย  to be discussed at a meeting.
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์•ˆ๊ฑด์€ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:00
So you can ask what's the agenda for theย  meeting or what's the first item on the agenda?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํšŒ์˜ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ , ์•ˆ๊ฑด์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:09
Or In emails, it's very common to send orย  receive an e-mail that says, please find,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์—์„œ๋Š”
25:15
attach the agenda for today's conference call #13ย  lucrative, lucrative, repeat after me lucrative.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์˜ ํ†ตํ™” #13์˜ ์˜์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ ์ฒจ๋ถ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” . ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:26
This is an adjective and it means producingย  a great deal of profit or financial success.
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธˆ์ „์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:34
We use this specifically with money.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:38
You could say photography isn't lucrative.
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์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ
25:42
It doesn't produce a great deal ofย  financial success, but it's my passion.
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ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์˜ ์—ด์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:48
Or you could say there was a general consensus.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:51
Most people agree there was a general consensusย  that the partnership would be lucrative,ย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ์ด ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
25:58
would result in money, financial success.
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๋ˆ๊ณผ ์žฌ์ •์  ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:03
So that's a great one to have inย  your vocabulary #14 contingency.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜ #14์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
Do you know this one?
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
26:09
Contingency.
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์šฐ์—ฐ์„ฑ.
26:11
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:12
Contingency.
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์šฐ์—ฐ์„ฑ.
26:15
This is a noun, and it's a futureย  event or circumstance which isย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
26:21
possible but cannot be predicted with certainty.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:26
So it's possible but not guaranteed.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:29
Here's how this word is most commonly used.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
We need a contingency planย  in case of an emergency.
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๊ธด๊ธ‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด ๋น„์ƒ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:38
So this is a plan about a potentialย  circumstance that's possible but not guaranteed.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:45
And the plan, the contingency plan, will tellย  you what to do in the event of an emergency.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„์ƒ ๊ณ„ํš์ธ ๋น„์ƒ ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:52
Or you could say we must prepare forย  all possible contingencies #15 tangible.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฐ๋ฐœ ์ƒํ™ฉ #15์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:01
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
27:02
Tangible.
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๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ.
27:04
This is a noun, and it means real.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ง„์งœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:07
Something you can touch, show, or even experience.
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๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
27:12
For example, the projectย  resulted in tangible benefits.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ด์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:16
I can show you the benefits on a chart.
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์ฐจํŠธ๋กœ ์ด์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:19
You can touch the benefits such as money,ย ย 
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๋ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์ต์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
27:23
or you have an experience such as doingย  something because of those benefits.
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๊ทธ ์ด์ต ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:29
It's tangible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:31
Or you might say we need tangibleย  evidence to support our claims.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:36
You need evidence that peopleย  can touch, see, or experience.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ์ง€๊ณ , ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:41
It must be tangible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ฒด์ ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:43
This is commonly used withย  assets because there areย ย 
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์ด๋Š”
27:47
tangible assets such as machinery and buildings.
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ํ˜• ์ž์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‚ฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:50
You can touch them, you can look at them.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:53
They're real #16 incentive.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ #16 ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:56
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
27:58
Incentive.
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์ž๊ทน.
28:00
This is a noun, and it's a thing that motivatesย  or encourages someone to do something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฒฉ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:07
So, for example, I need to give you and allย  of my students an incentive to subscribe.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:17
I need to encourage you to subscribeย  by providing something of value.
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๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ๋…๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:24
So the fact that I upload videos everyย  single day is your incentive to subscribe.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตฌ๋… ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:32
So make sure you subscribe like this video.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
28:35
And of course, subscribe if you haven't already.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
28:37
I have other incentives for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:40
Once you subscribe #17 Metricsย  repeat after me Metrics.
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#17 ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
28:47
Metrics.
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์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ.
28:49
This is a noun, and it'sย  a standard of measurement.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ธก์ •์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:53
For example, the size of your vocabularyย  is one of the metrics of fluency,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์˜ ์ฒ™๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ,
29:00
the number of words you know, whichย  is why I'm teaching you 21 words.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ 21๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:05
So you can improve this metric, thisย  measure of performance for your fluency.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:11
As you know, on your IELTS or other languageย  exams, they judge you on different areas.
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ IELTS๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:17
Those are the different metrics.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธก์ • ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:19
Or if you want to improve your fluency,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
29:23
a good question to ask is whatย  are the key metrics of fluency?
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:28
And that will tell you what areas to focus on.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์˜์—ญ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:31
Number 18, redundant.
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18๋ฒˆ, ์ค‘๋ณต๋จ.
29:34
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
29:35
Redundant.
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๋งŽ์€.
29:37
Redundant.
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๋งŽ์€.
29:39
This is a noun and it means notย  or no longer needed or useful.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:45
For example, some tasks haveย  become redundant due to automation.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž๋™ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:51
AI, Chachi, BT, or you could sayย  typewriters are now redundant.
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AI, Chachi, BT ๋˜๋Š” ํƒ€์ž๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ค‘๋ณต๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:58
They're no longer used, although they were onceย  the only device that people had to write with.
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ํ•œ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:06
So can you think of something in today'sย  modern world that is now redundant?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ด์ œ ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
30:13
My example was a typewriter.
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๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ํƒ€์ž๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:15
Share your own example in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
30:18
Just for fun #19 streamline.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด #19 ์œ ์„ ํ˜•.
30:22
Streamline.
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์œ ์„ .
30:23
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:24
Streamline.
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์œ ์„ .
30:25
This is a verb, and it means to makeย  something faster, easier, or better.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ, ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:32
For example, online learningย  has streamlined education.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํ•™์Šต์€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:37
It's made it faster, easier, better.
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๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ณ , ๋” ์ข‹์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:40
Would you agree with that?
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
30:42
Or you might ask in a meeting, howย  can we streamline our operations?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜์„ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
How can we make our operationsย  faster, better, easier #20 glaring?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šด์˜์„ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋” ์ข‹๊ณ , ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? #20 glaring?
30:55
Repeat after me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:56
Glaring.
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ํ˜„๋ž€ํ•œ.
30:58
This is an adjective, and it's when somethingย  bad is extremely obvious, it's glaring.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•  ๋•Œ, it's glaring์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:07
For example, we can't hire her.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:09
She made glaring spelling mistakes in her CV.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด๋ ฅ์„œ์—์„œ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ฒ ์ž ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:14
So when you look at the CV, theย  spelling mistakes are extremely obvious.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ ฅ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ฒ ์ž ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:20
They're glaring so that CVย  is going in the garbage.
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CV๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋น›๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:24
Or you could say there was a glaringย  contradiction in his statement.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค .
31:31
The contradiction was extremely obvious.
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๋ชจ์ˆœ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:35
Now do you know what a contradiction is?
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
31:38
This is word 21 contradiction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด 21 ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:41
Repeat after me contradiction.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์— ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:44
And this is a combination of words.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:47
That is nonsense because some of the wordsย  suggest the opposite of some of the others.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:55
That's a confusing definition,ย  but listen to this simple example.
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์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
32:00
She's an honest politician.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •์งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‹ค.
32:04
Now some people might reply backย  and say an honest politician.
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:12
Isn't that a contradiction?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?
32:15
Because when you hear the word honest, an imageย  of a politician is not what most people think of.
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์ •์งํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:24
So some people might say that the combination ofย  words, an honest politician, is a contradiction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:33
Here's an everyday example.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:35
You said you hate the heat,ย  but you want to go to Hawaii.
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๋”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜์™€์ด์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:41
Isn't that a contradiction?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?
32:44
Because Hawaii is very hot, but you just saidย  you hate the heat, so that's a contradiction.
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ํ•˜์™€์ด๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ ๋”์šด๋ฐ ๋”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
32:51
Now let's keep going and learn words and contacts.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
32:55
We'll read a news article togetherย  and you'll learn over 50 phrases.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ๊ณ  50๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:00
First, I'll read the headline.
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๋จผ์ € ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:02
Combat brain fatigue with these top expert tips.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:06
We're talking about brain fatigue.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:09
When your brain feels like this,ย  notice the pronunciation here.
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
33:13
Fatigue EEG fatigue Repeat after me Fatigue.
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ํ”ผ๋กœ EEG ํ”ผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ํ”ผ๋กœ.
33:20
Fatigue means extreme tiredness.
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ํ”ผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:23
Notice it's a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:26
Combat brain fatigue.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:27
It's a something.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:29
Tiredness is a something.
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ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:32
Let's review these two sentences andย  see if you can identify the difference.
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:36
I feel fatigue after studying English.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค.
33:41
I feel fatigued after studying English.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค. Fatiated์˜
33:45
You may notice that the pronunciationย  is almost identical because this Dย ย 
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์ด D๋Š”
33:50
in fatigued is extremely soft and youย  don't really hear it at a natural pace.
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๋งค์šฐ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†๋„๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:56
But what is the difference inย  grammar or meaning between these two?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋‘˜์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
34:02
The meaning is basicallyย  identical, but fatigue here.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กœํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:06
This is a noun.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:07
You can feel something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:09
I feel happiness when I look atย  a beautiful sunrise, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ถœ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํ–‰๋ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:15
Now I feel fatigued, This is an adjective.
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์ด์ œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:19
I feel happy when I look at a beautiful sunrise.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ถœ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:23
So the meaning is the same,ย  but the grammar is different.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:28
This is a noun and this is the adjective form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:31
And you can feel for both of them and noticeย  that pronunciation is almost identical.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:37
So what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ›„
34:38
Do you feel fatigue the noun or do you feelย  fatigued the adjective after studying English?
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
34:44
If you do, put.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„ฃ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
34:45
That's me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ.
34:46
That's me in the comments, and know that asย  we'll learn in this article, it's very common.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ €์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”.
34:52
So don't feel bad if you say that's me.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋‚˜๋น ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
34:55
I certainly feel fatigued afterย  I do a lot of mental work.
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์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:01
Now notice how they sayย  combat, Combat, brain fatigue.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ „ํˆฌ, ์ „ํˆฌ, ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
35:05
You could also say fight brainย  fatigue, or battle or combat.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํˆฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ „ํˆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:10
Notice all three of these have the sameย  visual image of fighting brain fatigue.
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:17
So you have 3 alternatives in your vocabulary.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์—๋Š” 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:20
Don't worry about taking notes.
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๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
35:21
I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:24
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:26
Now let's start the article andย  learn how Put your thinking cap on.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
35:32
Have you heard this before?
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
35:34
Put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
35:36
This is an idiom and it means get readyย  to think hard or think creatively.
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์ด๋Š” ์ˆ™์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:43
So if you're discussing a problem atย  work or at home, someone could say,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” '
35:48
let's put our thinking caps onย  because it's one's thinking cap.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
35:55
So if you have more than one,ย  you would add an S to cap.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 2๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•œ๋„์— S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
36:00
Let's put our thinking caps on and figureย  out how to reduce the budget, for example.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
36:08
That's the problem you want to solve.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:11
So at the beginning of this lesson, Iย  could say to you, put your thinking cap on.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:16
You're going to learn a lot of new vocabulary,ย ย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ,
36:20
so get ready to think hard and don't worry ifย  you feel fatigued by the end of this lesson.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ , ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ์ฏค ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
36:26
As a result.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
36:27
Put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
36:29
People often hear, so this is a commonย  expression is what they're saying.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:35
After all, that's what our brain is for.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:38
Your brain is for thinking.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:41
That's the purpose and what many are paid to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:46
You are paid to think at your job.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŒํผ ๋ณด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:50
That's what you're paid to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:51
You're paid to think, but a new study finds thatย  people see a downside to such mental expenditures.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:00
Thinking can be a pain do you know whatย  a downside is put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
37:08
A downside is a negativeย  aspect, it's a disadvantage.
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๋‹จ์ ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด์ž ๋‹จ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:13
So we talk about the downsides, theย  disadvantages, and the opposite is.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ , ๋‹จ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:19
The.
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37:19
Upside.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ.
์œ„.
37:20
Or there can be plural, theย  upsides, the advantages.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•, ์žฅ์ , ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:25
The.
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37:25
Positive aspects.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ.
๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด.
37:27
So you could say there are manyย  upsides to learning English, but.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ.
37:32
There.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
37:33
I just noticed I have a typoย  here, but there are downsides too.
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์˜คํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:38
I was thinking of writing.
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:40
There can be downsides too, but there.
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๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:43
Are downsides too.
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๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:45
So this means there are manyย  positive aspects to learning English,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
37:50
but there can be some negative aspects,ย  for example how much time it takes.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:55
Or.
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37:55
How much mental expenditure thereย  is, those can be the downsides.
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๋˜๋Š”.
์ •์‹ ์  ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:01
So you can put in the comments the upsideย  to learning English is and then you can doย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์˜ ์žฅ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
38:07
the same thing with the downside is and then youย  can share a point in the comments to practices.
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๋‹จ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์—ฐ์Šต ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:14
It's very common.
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:15
Use the upside or the downside.
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์žฅ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ
38:17
Remember it can be singular, just talkingย  about one, or you can make it plural.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  , ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
38:22
The upsides and downsides, the choiceย  is yours, so put that in the comments.
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์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ , ์„ ํƒ์€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ชซ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
38:28
An upside and a downside.
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์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ .
38:30
Let's look at mental expenditure because I useย ย 
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38:33
this in my example as wellย  as one of the downsides.
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๋‚ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:37
Expenditures financially are things youย  spend money on your monthly expenditures.
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์žฌ์ •์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ์›”๋ณ„ ์ง€์ถœ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:45
So if it's a mental expenditure,ย  it means you're spending.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ง€์ถœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:49
But what are you spending?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
38:50
You're not spending money.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:52
You're spending your mentalย  effort or your mental energy.
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์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:56
So mental expenditures is theย  amount of effort or energy required.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:02
Let's look at this next part.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:03
Thinking can be a pain, a painย  to describe something as a pain.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:09
It can be painful, meaning physical.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:13
I have all pain.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:14
Oh, I have a pain.
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์•„, ์•„ํŒŒ์š”.
39:16
This means my neck hurts.
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๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
39:20
This area is painful, so it's physical.
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์ด ๋ถ€์œ„๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œก์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:23
But we also use this to describe something asย  frustrating or annoying, and we use this a lot.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:30
For example, maybe you agreeย  driving during rush hour is a pain.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:37
It's annoying, it's frustrating, soย  it causes mental or emotional pain.
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์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•ด์„œ ์ •์‹ ์ , ์ •์„œ์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:46
Driving during rush hour is a pain.
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์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— that's me๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ๋Š”
39:49
You can put that's right or that's right insteadย  of that's me put that's right in the comments.
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๋Œ€์‹  that's right ๋˜๋Š” that's right๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
39:55
If you agree that this is a pain.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
39:57
So just remember, grammatically it's.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
40:00
To.
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40:00
Be and then you need this article a pain.
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์—๊ฒŒ.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:04
So something that that's whyย  we have this gerund verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:08
Something is your verb to be a pain.
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Something์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:13
Again, if you agree that this is a pain, butย  that's right, that's right in the comments.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ ํ•˜์‹œ์ง€๋งŒย ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก 
40:20
Such work isn't actual pain,ย  of course, because rememberย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
40:24
we talked about something can be painfulย  physically or just frustrating, annoying.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ขŒ์ ˆ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:30
So the physical, the mental expenditure, suchย  work, the mental expenditure isn't actual pain.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œก์ฒด์ , ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ, ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:38
Of course, your brain has no nerve ending.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ข…๋ง์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:41
So your brain does not feel pain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:44
I didn't know that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค.
40:45
Did you know that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
40:46
So a pain in the brain is notย  like having a pain in the neck.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:52
And that's the exact example I gave before a pain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:57
And it's interesting because thisย  full expression is the idiom.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:02
So you could say driving duringย  rush hour is a pain in the neckย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชฉ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
41:08
is the full expression to say thatย  something is frustrating or annoying.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:12
But native speakers generally just leaveย  out in the neck and just say a pain.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฉ์„ ๋นผ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ณ ํ†ต๋งŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:19
So I expanded that with the full expression, butย  it's in brackets to show you that it's optional.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ํƒ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž„์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:25
And honestly, it's more common to just say a pain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:28
But the mental effort, Remember beforeย  we described this as mental expenditure?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ, ์•ž์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
41:35
The mental effort it takes to think hard can be soย ย 
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
41:40
upsetting that some people willย  choose physical pain instead.
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ
41:45
So here the article ended on instead, becauseย  the alternative was already mentioned.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:52
Think hard.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
41:53
That's the alternative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:55
So choose physical pain instead.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
41:57
But just remember, if you write out the fullย  alternative, you have to say instead of.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— '~'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
42:04
The preposition choice is of, and then yourย  verb needs to be an ING instead of thinking.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์„ ํƒ์€ of์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” Think ๋Œ€์‹  ING๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:11
Or I could add instead of thinking hard,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
42:14
but you don't have to becauseย  that alternative is clearly known.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตณ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:17
But I just want you to remember whatย  preposition and the grammar that you need.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด๋‘์‹œ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:22
A 2020 study asked peopleย  if they would prefer to do aย ย 
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2020๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
42:27
difficult memory task, remembering ifย  a card reappeared after a distraction.
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์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„ ํ›„์— ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:34
This is the difficult memory task.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค.
42:37
A distraction is something that causesย  you to change your focus or attention.
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๋ฐฉํ•ด ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:43
Right now you're focusingย  on this lesson, hopefully,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
42:47
but then if you heard a noise in the otherย  room, you might want to go see what happened.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์†Œ์Œ์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์ง์ ‘ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:53
You leave this lesson.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:55
So that noise was a distraction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์†Œ์Œ์€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:57
It caused you to change yourย  focus or your attention.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ดˆ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:01
We use this a lot in the verb form to beย  distracted, to be distracted, distracted.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ' ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
43:08
Notice that's the passive form.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:10
So you have your verb to beย  that needs to be conjugatedย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ be ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
43:13
and then distracted is always in the Ed form.
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์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•จ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ Ed ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”
43:17
You could say, sorry, I was distracted,ย  sorry I didn't hear you, I was distracted.
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, ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ–ˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:22
And then you could add on, Iย  was distracted by the noise.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์†Œ์Œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:26
So if your friend is telling youย  a story and then you realize youย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
43:30
weren't actually focusing on your friend, youย  were focusing on the noise in the other room.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์˜ ์†Œ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:36
So your friend and says So what do you think?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
43:39
And then you say sorry I was distracted.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:43
Can you say that again or experience searing pain.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
43:48
So remember the choice was would youย  prefer to do a difficult memory taskย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ ํƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธ
43:53
or experience searing pain from aย  heat device held against the skin.
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:00
Notice how my tone changed when I read that?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚ด ์–ด์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
44:02
Because the adjective a searing pain,ย  that sounds like an extreme pain.
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ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:09
So if you burn your finger, if you do it justย  like that, it probably wouldn't be searing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์— ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ž…์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:16
But if you hold your finger on a heat source,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ด์›์— ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๋Œ€๋ฉด
44:21
then that would result in aย  searing pain, an extreme pain.
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ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ, ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:26
Before we move on, notice they saidย  prefer to do a difficult memory task.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:33
Verbs of preference often use theย  gerund, but some of them are flexible.
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์„ ํ˜ธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:39
Prefer is one of those verbsย  so you can say prefer doing.
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Prefer๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:43
Or prefer.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:44
To do in this case they use prefer toย  do remember a difficult memory task orย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
44:52
experience searing extreme intense painย  from a heat device held against the skin.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:59
Which would you prefer #1 the difficultย  memory task or #2 the searing pane?
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#1 ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ #2 ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฐฝ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
45:05
Put one or two put your choice in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๋„ฃ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
45:09
One or two put it in the comments.
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ํ•œ๋‘๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
45:13
When the pain was minor,ย  most people chose the heat.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ์—ด์š”๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:18
To me this is a slight contradiction because theย  definition of searing pain is extreme or intense,ย ย 
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜
45:27
so it isn't minor because aย  minor pain isn't a searing pain.
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๋ชจ์ˆœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:33
To be honest, when the pain wasย  minor, more people chose the heat,ย ย 
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์†”์งํžˆ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์˜จ์—ด์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
45:38
but that number dropped as the pain increased.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์‹ฌํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:42
So as it moved closer to being a searing pain,ย  more people chose the difficult memory task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์“ฐ๋ผ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:50
However, 28% of the participants stillย  chose physical pain over mental strain.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ์ค‘ 28%๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:58
So mental strain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ.
46:00
Strain represents the expenditure,ย  the effort or the energy.
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๋ถ€๋‹ด์€ ์ง€์ถœ, ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:07
Strain is also a noun and it has the sameย  meaning as fatigue, extreme tiredness.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์ธ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ”ผ๋กœ, ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:15
Personally, I hear the wordย  strain being used most with eyes.
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์— ๊ธด์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:20
A lot of people talk about eyes strain,ย  especially from staring at a screen all day.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:26
So you might say my eyes become strained.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์ด ๊ธด์žฅ๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
46:29
Strained.
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ํŒฝํŒฝํ•œ.
46:30
So this is the adjective Edย  strained and then this is your verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ Ed ๊ธด์žฅ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:35
My eyes become strained at the end ofย  the day after staring at a computer.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์ด ํ”ผ๋กœํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:41
Or you could ask, do you knowย  how I can combat eye strain?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
46:46
So just as they talked about combat brain fatigue,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜, ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜ ๋˜๋Š” ํ‡ด์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
46:50
fight against or battle brain fatigue, you canย  use combat eye strain or battle eye strain.
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๋ˆˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ‡ด์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:58
You could say eye fatigue, but I hear theย  word strain used specifically with your eyes.
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๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:05
Is that a problem you have fromย  staring at a computer all day?
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
47:10
So mental strain, mental fatigue,ย  even when the pain was most intense.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ, ์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ, ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:15
So the pain was searing andย  that was 28% of participants.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ 28%์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:23
How can this be?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
47:25
How could 28% of people choose aย  searing pain over a mental task?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ 28%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
47:32
After all, many do puzzles, play chess,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
47:36
or challenge their brains in allย  sorts of ways during their spare time.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
47:41
Notice these verbs?
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
47:43
You do puzzles, but you play chess.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
47:48
So in English, you just have to memorizeย  what verb goes with certain activities.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํ™œ๋™์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์™ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:55
Sometimes the choice is between do orย  make, but in this case we have do or play.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์„ ํƒ์€ do ๋˜๋Š” make ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” do ๋˜๋Š” play๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:01
And of course, spare time is 1's leisure time,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 1์˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:06
the time they have when they're notย  working, they're not doing chores at home.
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์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:12
They get to relax and perhapsย  play chess or do a puzzle.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:19
Yet even in those scenarios, the scenarios whereย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„
48:22
people are doing puzzles or playing chessย  or challenging their brains in other ways.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:28
So those are the scenarios.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:30
Even in those scenarios, studies in the reviewย  found people complained about the mental effort.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:37
So if you complain about something,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
48:41
it means you express your negativeย  feelings or opinions about it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:49
I could say some students complained.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:53
So complain is a verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ถˆํ‰์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:55
In this case, it's in the past simpleย  form because it's a completed pass action.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ†ต๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:01
Some students complained thatย  this lesson was too long.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:06
So you can use the verb complain plus a clause.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ถˆํ‰๊ณผ ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:09
A clause is a subject.
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์ ˆ์€ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:11
This lesson a verb was andย  then the rest of the sentence.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:16
A clause is a stand alone sentence.
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์ ˆ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:18
So if I take this lesson was too long,ย  that is correct as a sentence on its own.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:24
So you can use complain that and thenย  a clause, or you can complain about.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:30
But if you use about, you need a something.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ about์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:34
Some students complained about this lesson.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:38
Now this is the actual complaint.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:41
Now notice all complaint.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
49:44
This is the noun form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:45
So if I saw this, this is a complaint.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:49
It's a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:50
This lesson was too long.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
49:53
And then there's some sortย  of negative emoji becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
49:56
you're not satisfied or happy when you complain.
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๋ถˆํ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ด๋ชจํ‹ฐ์ฝ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:01
And of course, it's your right to complainย  as a consumer, as a student, as a viewer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋กœ์„œ, ํ•™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋กœ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:06
But I certainly hope you don't haveย  any complaints using it as the noun.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์—†์œผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:13
I hope you don't have anyย  complaints about this lesson.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์—†์œผ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:17
But if you do, please share themย  because I will learn from them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:21
Let's continue to combat brain fatigueย  so we understand why it's a problem.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์›Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
50:28
So now we're learning about the solution.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:31
Remember, you know this verb from before toย  combat, to battle, to fight brain fatigue.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ „ํˆฌํ•˜๋‹ค, ์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹ค, ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:39
Now notice how this sentence startsย  with the infinitive 2 plus base verb.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ 2์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
50:45
But this is short form for in order to in orderย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด in order๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
50:50
to native speakers just drop the inย  order and just use the infinitive.
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in order๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:56
But if you see this, you know it representsย  in order to in order to combat brain fatigue.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:03
And then following you will have a clause as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ ˆ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:06
Now you know what a clause is.
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์ด์ œ ์ ˆ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:07
It's a complete sentence with the subject aย  verb and the rest of the sentence the object.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:13
You can schedule regular breaks.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:16
So this is.
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51:16
How you are going to combat brainย  fatigue It may seem like you areย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ž‘์—… ๋„์ค‘์—
51:22
interrupting your mental flow by gettingย  up in the middle of a task, but a break,ย ย 
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ , ํœด์‹,
51:29
especially a physical one such as a walk outside,ย  refreshes and boosts brain power, experts say.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํœด์‹์€ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
51:37
Now, of course, all break is a periodย  of rest from an activity or work.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํœด์‹์€ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ํœด์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:46
After I record this video,ย  I am going to take a break.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋…นํ™”ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ž ์‹œ ์‰ฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:53
I'll probably make a cup ofย  tea and then come back to work.
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์•„๋งˆ ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž” ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
51:57
So if.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด.
51:58
Quick.
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๋น ๋ฅธ.
51:59
5 minute break to prevent eye strain,ย  to combat eye strain and mental fatigue.
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๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ 5๋ถ„ ํœด์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:07
So notice that verb youย  take all break, meaning one.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ , ์ฆ‰ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:11
But you can take breaks, which means multiple.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:14
But the verb we use is to take to take a break.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:18
Now to interrupt.
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์ด์ œ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:20
You might know this is similar to a distraction.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:23
You are interrupted by a distraction, the.
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์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:28
Verb to.
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๋™์‚ฌ.
52:29
Interrupt is when you stop something,ย  usually for a short period of time.
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์ค‘๋‹จ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:34
So you're working and then aย  break interrupts your mental flow.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:41
It stops your mental flow for a period of time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ •์‹ ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:44
We commonly use the verb to interrupt whenย  someone is speaking and then someone else speaks,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
52:51
but then it causes this person to stop speaking.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:54
This is done.
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:56
In a rude way, but it canย  also be done in a helpful way.
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๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:59
A speaker could be giving a presentation,ย  but then the moderator could say sorry toย ย 
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๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ด์„œ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
53:05
interrupt but we're almost out ofย  time, please finish your speech.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋์œผ๋‹ˆ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
53:10
So that's commonly done in formal speeches.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:13
Debates.
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ํ† ๋ก .
53:14
Or even in a meeting where you're followingย  a strict agenda and you have to move on.
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๋˜๋Š” ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:20
But it's also done in a rude way.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:22
You shouldn't interrupt your teacherย  when she's teaching, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:30
But a break?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํœด์‹?
53:31
We know what that means,ย  especially a physical one.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:34
So my example was to get a cup of tea.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:37
That's not.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
Physical a physical.
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์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ.
53:39
One would be such as a walkย  outside, so that's physical.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:44
Of course, it refreshes and boosts brain power.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ƒ์พŒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋‡Œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:48
Experts say let's practice this.
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์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•ด๋ณด์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:52
When I take a break, notice thisย  is in the present simple becauseย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
53:57
when represents whenever, whenever I take a break.
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when์€ ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ธ์ œ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:00
When I take a break, I always, always isย  a keyword for the present simple as well.
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์‰ฌ์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด I Always, Always ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:07
So your activity will be in the present simple.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ํ™œ๋™์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:09
I shared mine.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
54:10
When I take a break, I always get a cup of tea.
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์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:15
I could also say I always.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:17
Make a cup of tea or have a cup of tea.
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ์ฆ๊ฒจ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
54:21
What about you?
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54:21
What do you do when you take a break?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
54:25
Put this sentence in the comments orย  just share your activity to practiceย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ
54:30
this expression so you'reย  more likely to remember it.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:34
Finally.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ.
54:35
So another way to combat brain fatigue.
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๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:39
This was one way take regular breaks, andย  another way cut your brain some slack.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:45
Oh, do you know what this means?
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์•„, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
54:48
This is an idiom to cut one some slack.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š์Šจํ•จ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:52
So remember for idioms you haveย  to remember the exact word.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
54:55
So you must use some slack and oneย  you can replace with whoever theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฌ์œ ๋ถ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:02
something or someone is in this caseย  your brain to cut one some slack.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์œ ๋ถ„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‘๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:08
Remember that cut is an irregular verb.
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cut์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:11
All forms are cut the pastย  and the past participle.
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:16
Now this means be lenient.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:17
So be more understanding, be lessย  critical and less judgmental.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ข€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
55:23
So just understand that yourย  brain gets tired and that's OK.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
55:28
Cut your brain some slackย  rather than beating yourself up.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
55:34
OK, so to physically beat someoneย  up is to to hurt them physically,ย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:41
but to beat yourself up is toย  be very critical of yourself.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:46
So students do this all the time.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:48
My English is terrible.
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๋‚ด ์˜์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์–ด์š”.
55:50
My accent is so thick, my grammar is horrible.
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๋‚ด ์–ต์–‘์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‘๊บผ์›Œ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์–ด์š”.
55:55
They beat themselves up.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:56
They're very critical ofย  themselves, of their English skills.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:02
So that's an example of beating yourself up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:05
But in this context, to beatย  yourself up, it would be,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, '
56:09
I've only been working forย  two hours, why am I tired?
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๋‚˜ ์ผํ•œ ์ง€ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด?
56:12
I shouldn't take a break yet.
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์•„์ง์€ ์‰ฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
56:14
It's only been two hours.
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”.
56:16
So that would be very being very critical ofย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
56:19
yourself in terms of yourย  mental fatigue and strain.
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์ •์‹ ์  ํ”ผ๋กœ์™€ ๊ธด์žฅ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:25
So cut your brain some slack.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
56:27
Be lenient understanding rather than notice.
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๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
56:31
This is a.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:32
Gerund expression.
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„.
56:33
So you need the verb in ING after rather thanย  So rather than plus gerund, rather than beatingย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ING์—๋Š” after๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
56:40
yourself up, rather than being very critical ofย  yourself because you're irritated or flustered byย ย 
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, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ •์‹  ์ž‘์—… ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
56:48
a complicated mental task, recognize thatย  those feelings are part of being human.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž„์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„.
56:54
And the lesson you should remember is you shouldย  also cut yourself some slack with your English.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ์˜์–ด๋„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:01
You don't need to beat yourself up.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:04
Remember that.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
57:05
Now let's look at this last word,ย  flustered, because I really like this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋„ค์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:09
It's fun to say flustered, flustered.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค, ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค.
57:14
When you're flustered.
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๋•Œ.
57:16
In this case, it's to be flustered.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:18
So flustered is your adjective.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:20
When you're flustered, it meansย  that you're upset, you're annoyed,ย ย 
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When you're flustered๋Š” ์†์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋‹ค,
57:24
you're frustrated, but because you'reย  either confused or you're stressed.
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์ขŒ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:30
This happens to me.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค.
57:32
I get flustered in airports, very large airports.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ•ญ, ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:36
I find them very confusing or stressful.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:40
I don't know where I am, I don't know where Iย  need to be, I don't know what the procedure is.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:45
So I get upset but frustrated, annoyed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
57:50
I get flustered in airports now.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
57:54
This is the passive form.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:57
You could also say airports fluster me.
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๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:01
So this is the active.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:03
Form airport Something to fluster someone?
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๊ณตํ•ญ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
58:07
Airports fluster me.
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๊ณตํ•ญ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
58:09
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
58:10
Is there something that flusters you?
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๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
58:14
So you could say blank flusters me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:17
Now notice I have airports because it's plural.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณตํ•ญ์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
58:20
It would be they so that's why I have fluster.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
58:24
But if you have one item, you couldย  say, what could I say for one item?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ' ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:30
Maybe math.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:32
Math flusters me.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
58:35
So this is one item.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:36
So I add that as because it's it, it flusters me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค.
58:41
They airports fluster me.
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๊ทธ ๊ณตํ•ญ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
58:45
So for you, thinking of the Englishย  language, you might say phrasal verbsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ(phrasal verb)๊ฐ€
58:50
fluster me, or idioms fluster me,ย  or English grammar flusters me.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:56
But the lesson here is cut your brainย  some slack, cut yourself some slack.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ๋„ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:01
Don't beat yourself up.
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์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
59:03
That's normal and that's part of being human.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์ƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ
59:07
I like this lesson at theย  end of this news article.
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๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
59:12
So that's the end of the article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:13
What I'll do now is I'll read it fromย  start to finish, and this time I wantย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ , ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”
59:17
you to focus on my pronunciationย  and shadow my pronunciation as well.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:21
Combat brain fatigue with these top expert tips.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
59:26
Put your thinking cap on.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
59:27
People often hear.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:29
After all, that's what our brain isย  paid for and what many are paid to do.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘๋‡Œ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:33
But a new study finds that people seeย  a downside of such mental expenditures.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ง€์ถœ์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:38
Thinking can be a pain.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:41
Such work isn't actual pain, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:43
Your brain has no nerve endings, so a pain inย  the brain is not like having a pain in the neck.
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๋‡Œ์—๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง๋‹จ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:50
But the mental effort it takes to think hard canย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€
59:52
be so upsetting that some peopleย  will choose physical pain instead.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œก์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:57
A2020 study asked people if they wouldย  prefer to do a difficult memory task,ย ย 
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2020๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€
60:02
remembering if a card reappeared after aย  distraction, or experience searing painย ย 
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์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง„ ํ›„์— ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
60:08
from a heat device when held against the skin.
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์—ด ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ์–ต ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:11
When the pain was minor,ย  more people chose the heat.
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ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ์—ด์š”๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:15
But that number dropped as the pain increased.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:19
However, 28% of the participants stillย  chose physical pain over mental strain,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ 28%๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธด์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
60:24
even when the pain was most intense.
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.
60:27
How can this be?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
60:28
After all, many do puzzles, play Chaz,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํผ์ฆ์„ ํ’€๊ณ , Chaz ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
60:31
or challenge their brains in allย  sorts of ways during their spare time.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋‡Œ์— ๋„์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
60:36
Yet even in those scenarios, studies in the reviewย  found people complained about the mental effort.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:42
To combat brain fatigue.
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๋‘๋‡Œ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
60:44
You can schedule regular breaks.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ •์‹ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์„
60:46
It may seem like you are interruptingย  your mental flow by getting up in theย ย 
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๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
60:50
middle of a task, but a break, especiallyย  a physical one such as a walk outside,ย ย 
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ํœด์‹, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ํœด์‹์€
60:55
refreshes and boosts brain power, experts say.
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๋‘๋‡Œ์— ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:59
Finally, cut your brain some slack.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ผ๋กœ
61:01
Rather than beating yourself up becauseย  you're irritated or flustered by aย ย 
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์ธํ•ด ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
61:05
complicated mental task, recognize thatย  those feelings are part of being human.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์กด์žฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
61:10
Now.
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61:10
I'm sure there.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
61:11
Are words you use every dayย  like easy, big, nice, smart?
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๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” easy, big, nice, smart์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
61:18
Well, let's add some more advanced alternativesย ย 
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์ž, ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„
61:21
to these simple words to helpย  you elevate your vocabulary.
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์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
61:25
First of all, just know there isย  nothing wrong with using simple words.
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์šฐ์„ , ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋งŒ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”. ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ
61:31
You can and should use theseย  words in your daily speech.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
61:36
The goal of this lesson isย  just to give you alternatives.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:40
Learning these alternativesย  will also help you improveย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด
61:44
your comprehension when natives use these words.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:48
Now let's start with a wordย  that I'm guilty of overusing.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:53
And just remember that native speakers areย  guilty of overusing these words as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚จ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
61:59
Our first word, our vacation was amazing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋งˆ๋””, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์› ์–ด์š”.
62:04
I'm sure you know the wordย  amazing and you might think,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ '๋†€๋ž๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ ๋ฉฐ '
62:08
well this is a replacement to a common word.
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๊ธ€์Ž„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:11
It's a replacement to good, very good or great.
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์ข‹์Œ, ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์Œ, ์ข‹์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:15
And that's true.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค.
62:17
But this replacement wordย  amazing has become overused.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด ' ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‚จ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:22
And I say I'm guilty of it because there are 30 orย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” 30๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ ์ฃ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
62:26
more common alternatives,ย  so why just use the same?
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
62:30
Word over and over againย  when 30 or more alternatives.
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๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด 30๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์ผ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
62:35
Exist so let's review the most commonย  The concert was simply incredible.
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์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:42
So here the alternative word is incredible.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:45
Incredible.
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๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”.
62:46
Now you can modify this to make it soundย  stronger and say simply incredible.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:54
My English progress in justย  one month is astonishing.
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๋‹จ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— ๋‚ด ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:00
Astonishing now hopefully that's something youย  are thinking right now and hopefully my lessonsย ย 
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๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
63:09
play a role in helping you get astonishingย  results, amazing results, astonishing results.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:17
If you think so, then put that's right, that'sย  right, put that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค, ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
63:22
We also use Amazing to describe sceneryย  or buildings or situations even.
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ํ’๊ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ Amazing์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
63:30
For example, the sunset wasย  breathtaking to use a replacement to.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ผ๋ชฐ์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ˆจ์ด ๋ง‰ํž ์ •๋„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:36
Amazing.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด.
63:37
Now don't worry about taking notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
63:42
You can find the link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:44
We're bringing incredible talent and tools.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์žฌ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:47
The story of the Lake Penyer drillingย  accident is an astonishing record.
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Penyer ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์ถ” ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธฐ๋ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:52
It was initially constructed in 1436,ย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” 1436๋…„์— ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
63:54
but the astonishing front facade wasn'tย  completed until the 19th century.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ „๋ฉด ์™ธ๊ด€์€ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ์•ผ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:58
Our next common word?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
64:00
The restaurant was nice.
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๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์€ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:03
Nice.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„.
64:04
This is a positive adjective.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:06
It's a feeling of general satisfaction.
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์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:10
Of course you can use it to describeย  people, things or experiences.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:15
For example, you can say what aย  pleasant day, what a pleasant day.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚ , ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:21
So this is something you can use every single day.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:25
Or you can say the receptionistย  at the hotel was lovely.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ˜ธํ…”์˜ ๋ฆฌ์…‰์…˜ ์ง์›์ด ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:31
Instead of describing himย  or her as nice was lovely.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค.
64:36
Now that is a person.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:38
You can also describe anย  experience or a specific object.
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:43
Our stay at the hotel was delightful, delightful.
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ํ˜ธํ…”์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ™๋ฐ•์€ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:50
We had an enjoyable time at the park.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:55
It's been a night.
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64:55
It's been a pleasant surprise toย  be involved in this kind of thing.
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๋ฐค์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋„ค์š”.
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์˜๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:59
And this really does have a lovely sauce toย  it, even though we put cream cheese in it now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ํฌ๋ฆผ์น˜์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†Œ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์–ด์š” .
65:02
Sleeping is delightful.
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์ž ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฆ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:04
Here's a common word you probably use every day.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:08
The exam was easy.
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์‹œํ—˜์€ ์‰ฌ์› ๋‹ค.
65:11
Easy you can say.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:13
I studied for weeks.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:15
So the exam was a piece of cake.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์‹์€ ์ฃฝ ๋จน๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:18
I find that most students knowย  this idiom to be a piece of cake.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
65:23
The exam was a piece of cake orย  hopefully you're thinking right now,ย ย 
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์‹œํ—˜์€ ์‹์€ ์ฃฝ ๋จน๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:28
Jennifer makes learning English easy peasy.
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:32
So you just add the word peasy here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— peasy๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:35
Easy peasy.
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์‰ฌ์›Œ์š”.
65:36
It sounds very fun, veryย  casual, very light hearted.
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๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:40
So if you agree that Jenniferย  makes learning English easy peasy,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Jennifer๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
65:44
put that's right, but that'sย  right in the comments.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:48
Or you could say you make speakingย  in public look effortless.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜์›”ํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:53
Look easy, look effortless.
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์‰ฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด์„ธ์š”, ์‰ฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด์„ธ์š”.
65:56
Now you could say the instructions wereย  easy to follow or easy to understand.
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์ด์ œ ์ง€์นจ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:02
So you can replace easy to follow with theย  instructions were straightforward and or clear.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ง€์นจ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ง€์นจ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:10
So you can use both or you can just use one.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:14
If it would work, we know it would work.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:16
Piece of cake.
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66:16
I think most people would get behind it.
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์ผ€์ดํฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋’ค์—์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:18
It's effortless.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:19
We just do it without really thinking about it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:22
Seems pretty straightforward now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฝค ๊ฐ„๋‹จ ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:24
What's the opposite of easy?
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์‰ฝ๋‹ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
66:27
The exam was hard.
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์‹œํ—˜์€ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค.
66:30
You can say I didn't study,ย  so the exam was challenging.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ์‹œํ—˜์ด ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
66:35
The exam was difficult.
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์‹œํ—˜์€ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:38
Or you could say we thoughtย  the hike was going to be aย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์ด ์‹์€
66:42
piece of cake or easy peasy, but it was strenuous.
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์ฃฝ ๋จน๊ธฐ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:48
Strenuous.
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ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค.
66:49
It was arduous, arduous.
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ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ  ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:53
Both strenuous and arduous meanย  requiring much effort or energy,ย ย 
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ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ  ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
66:59
so they're generally used with physical tasks.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:03
You can also say I had a tough dayย  instead of saying I had a hard day.
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ํž˜๋“  ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ํž˜๋“  ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:10
The cosmetics were challenging.
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ํ™”์žฅํ’ˆ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์› ์–ด์š”.
67:11
It's going to be difficult toย  get them to pay because of this,ย ย 
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
67:14
couples avoid tough conversationsย  about money before getting married.
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๋ถ€๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํž˜๋“  ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:18
How about this easy word?
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์ด ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ง์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
67:19
The traffic downtown is always bad instead of bad.
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์‹œ๋‚ด ๊ตํ†ต์€ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค.
67:25
You can say the traffic this morning was dreadful.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์ด ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:29
Dreadful.
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๋ฌด์„œ์šด.
67:30
Or I had a terrible headache last night.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๋‘ํ†ต์ด ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
67:34
Instead of bad headache.
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๋‘ํ†ต์ด ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์‹ .
67:37
The food on the plane was appalling.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์˜ ์Œ์‹์€ ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:41
Appalling.
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์งˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”.
67:43
This is more severe than bad.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:46
It means very bad.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:48
So often these alternatives can replaceย  very or so plus the common adjective.
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์ข…์ข… ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:56
You know, they're just so earnest and dreadful.
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์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:58
I asked my son, who is by the far terrible.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์•„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:01
Terrible, terrible athlete.
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๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์šด๋™ ์„ ์ˆ˜.
68:02
Gets it from his dad.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:03
I wouldn't crave it, but it's not terrible.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐˆ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋”์ฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:06
How about this common one?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
68:08
She's a happy person.
991
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:11
I think this describes me overall.
992
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:13
Instead, you can say she's a joyful person.
993
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:16
She's a cheerful person.
994
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์พŒํ™œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”.
68:20
You can say he was elated.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:23
Elated.
996
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์˜๊ธฐ ์–‘์–‘ํ•œ.
68:24
After hearing the good news, she felt ecstatic.
997
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ™ฉํ™€ํ•จ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:29
Ecstatic.
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ํ™ฉํ™€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
68:30
When she got the job.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ.
68:32
It was so good and I brought the joyful grains.
1000
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ง›์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณก๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:35
I know that others felt devastatedย  or elated, but I didn't care.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ ˆ๋ง์  ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์˜์น˜ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:40
I was jumping up for joy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ป์„œ ๋ฒŒ๋–ก ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
68:42
I was ecstatic, I was happy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™ฉํ™€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:44
Our next common word.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:46
That was a smart question instead of smart.
1005
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์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:50
You can say that was a clever question.
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์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:54
That was a brilliant question.
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์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:58
Brilliant sounds like very smart.
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๋ธŒ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์–ธํŠธ(Brilliant)๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:01
Or you can say he's extremely intelligent.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:05
He's extremely bright.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:07
You don't have to use the modifier.
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์ˆ˜์ •์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:09
Extremely is just an option.
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๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์˜ต์…˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:11
Just like you could say he'sย  extremely smart or just he's smart.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
69:17
He gave an astute, astute, he gaveย  an astute analysis of the market.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:25
That is an excellent word to use in aย  more professional or academic environment.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:31
You can say his ingenious, ingenious.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:35
His ingenious method solved the issue quickly.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:40
There are more clever ways toย  prove bounds on the cop number.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:43
Yeah, I think that that's veryย  actually a very astute observation.
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๋„ค, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:47
Well, local officials cameย  up with a brilliant plan.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์ด ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:50
Here's a common one that native speakers overuse.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:54
The documentary was interesting.
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๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:58
Interesting instead of interesting.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค.
70:00
You can say the history ofย  ancient Egypt is fascinating.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:06
Fascinating.
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๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ.
70:07
Or the speaker gave an intriguing,ย  intriguing presentation.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:14
His captivating performanceย  held the audience's attention.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ํผํฌ๋จผ์Šค๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:20
Captivating.
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๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ.
70:21
These are great alternatives becauseย  interesting can sometimes mean negative,ย ย 
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:27
but the three alternatives I gave youย  are always used in a positive way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:33
But I just think it's a fascinating idea.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ๋ฐค์—
70:37
I think it's so captivating to see this coupleย  in this really intense night of their lives.
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์ด ์ปคํ”Œ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:44
I find the definition ofย  compassion is a fascinating 1,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์ •์‹ฌ์˜ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด 1์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
70:48
and it's not one that I hear people talk about.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:50
Our next common word.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:52
Thanks for the beautiful flowers.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:55
Again, there is nothingย  wrong with saying beautiful,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
70:58
but there are so many beautiful alternatives.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:01
Like the word gorgeous.
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ํ™”๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
71:03
Her garden is gorgeous.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ •์›์€ ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„์˜
71:07
The colors of the leaves inย  fall are stunning, stunning.
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๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ ์ƒ‰๊น”์€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:13
Or the flower vase is exquisite.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘์ด ์ ˆ๋ฌ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:17
Exquisite.
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์ ˆ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ.
71:19
Now notice I said vase.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
71:21
Both pronunciations vase which rhymes withย  face, and vase which has an aw but AZ sound.
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๋‘ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ์šด์œจ์ด ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘ ๊ณผ ์œผ์Šค์Šคํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ AZ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:32
Both are used in American English,ย  which is interesting because vaseย ย 
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ vase
71:36
is the American pronunciation andย  Vaz is the British pronunciation,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด๊ณ  Vaz๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด๊ณ 
71:42
and generally in American English weย  don't adopt British pronunciation.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:47
But for this specific word, vase or Vaz,ย  both are commonly used in North America.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ๊ฝƒ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜ Vaz์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:54
They're a kind, loving men lookingย  for a gorgeous woman like you.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:00
Deep sea corals actually come in aย  stunning array of brilliant color.
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์‹ฌํ•ด ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ๋ ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:04
Cajal was in awe of its exquisite detail,ย  both as a scientist and an artist.
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Cajal์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ด์ž ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ ˆ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ์— ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:10
Our next common word.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:11
I have an important meeting this afternoon.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜คํ›„์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„
72:16
How many times do you describeย  something as important?
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๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ?
72:19
I know I sure use it a lot.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:22
Instead, you can say the meeting is crucial.
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๋Œ€์‹  ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:26
Crucial or this is a significantย  significant opportunity for our company.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œย ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜ ์ „์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”
72:34
You can say it's vital, vital or it's essentialย  essential to get enough rest before the exam.
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๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜, ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜ย ํ•„์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:44
But their influence is crucial inย  the development of their children.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:47
Now the site is a work in progress,ย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž‘์—…
72:49
but it's significant progress because it'sย  designed with the users who matter most.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๊ธฐ
72:53
Having these vital money talks beforeย  getting married will prepare you toย ย 
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์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์ „ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด
72:57
have them during marriage from aย  place of honesty and understanding.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ์ค‘์—๋„ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ค€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:01
Our next common word.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:03
The movie was funny instead of funny.
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์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
73:08
You can say the comedian is hilarious.
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๊ทธ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””์–ธ์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
73:12
Hilarious.
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์•„์ฃผ ์›ƒ๊ธด.
73:14
This sounds like very funnyย  or her reaction was humorous.
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๋งค์šฐ ์›ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์œ ๋จธ๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:20
Her reaction was comical.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ์ฝ”๋ฏนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:23
Instead of saying you're very funny,ย  you can say you're very witty.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ์น˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:29
Witty.
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์žฌ์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š”.
73:30
Keep in mind though, that thisย  means funny in a clever way.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
73:35
So it does have a slightlyย  different meaning from funny,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ funny์™€๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€๋งŒ,
73:40
but it's a great alternativeย  to know made-up nonsense.
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์ง€์–ด๋‚ธ ๋„Œ์„ผ์Šค๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:43
Gibberish is frequently hilarious.
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Gibberish๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:45
He's very keen on his hisย  work is is very humorous.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋งค์šฐ ์—ด์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋จธ๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:49
Anyway, he was a very witty, very wise man.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ์น˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:53
How about this common word?
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์ด ํ”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
73:54
I made-up a big mistake rejecting the job offer.
1080
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ œ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:00
You can say it was a substantial,ย  substantial mistake, but we can fix it.
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ, ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:09
Or this is an enormous, enormous.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:13
That sounds like very big, enormous project.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:18
You can use enormous to describe objects.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:21
You can also use massive.
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๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:23
Elephants are massive.
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:26
Elephants are massive.
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:27
Elephants are enormous.
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:30
We've come to a very substantialย  phase one deal patient.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ 1๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:36
All these things are areas whereย  we've made an enormous investmentย ย 
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ
74:41
and there have been significant payouts.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์˜์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:43
These are massive machines.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:45
And what's the opposite of big?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋‹ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
74:48
It was a small mistake.
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์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:51
A small mistake.
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์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜.
74:52
Let's review some common alternatives.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:54
Don't be mad.
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ํ™”๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
74:55
It's a tiny mistake.
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์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:58
We can fix it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:59
Tiny is very small.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:02
So if you want to minimize the importance ofย  a mistake, you can say it was a tiny mistake.
1101
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:08
Here's a great one.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:10
I made some minor changes to the report.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:13
Minor changes.
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ.
75:16
Or you could describe an object andย  say only compact cars can park here.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œํ˜•์ฐจ๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์ฐจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:22
It's an alternative to saying small cars,ย ย 
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์†Œํ˜•์ฐจ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ,
75:25
only compact cars can parkย  here with money or resources.
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๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž์›์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์†Œํ˜•์ฐจ๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์ฐจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:31
You can say we invested aย  modest, a modest amount of money.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ๋‹นํ•œ, ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:37
Soil is mostly made of little tiny rocks.
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ํ† ์–‘์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ž‘์€ ์•”์„์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:40
It's texture depends on the size of those rocks.
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์งˆ๊ฐ์€ ์•”์„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:42
In between all these minor changes, washย  your hands, wear a mask, get a vaccine.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์†์„ ์”ป๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
75:47
You know the drill.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:48
So although the findings were pretty modest,ย  The Who thinks this one's worth a shot.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, The Who๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณผ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:52
Here's one that might apply to you.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:55
Many students are scared ofย  speaking English in public.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:00
You can say she became terrified.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ์— ์งˆ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:04
Terrified.
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๊ฒ์— ์งˆ๋ ค. ์ •๋ง
76:05
That sounds like very scared.
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๊ฒ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
76:07
She became terrified when she found out she had toย ย 
1119
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
76:11
give a presentation or theย  noise frightened the kids.
1120
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์†Œ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฒ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:17
Frightened instead of scared.
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๋ฌด์„ญ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
76:20
Now to say extremely scared,ย  you can use the word petrified.
1122
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์ด์ œ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:25
I'm petrified of spiders.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์„œ์›Œ์š”.
76:28
We are terrified of being wrong.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ‹€๋ฆด๊นŒ ๋ด ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:31
What, are you frightened ofย  Ever losing my engagement ring?
1125
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๋ญ์•ผ, ๋‚ด ์•ฝํ˜ผ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆด๊นŒ๋ด ๋‘๋ ค์šด ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
76:34
He was.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค.
76:35
I was absolutely petrified of this man.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ •๋ง ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:38
Let's review this common word.
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์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2000๋ช… ์•ž์—์„œ
76:39
It was brave of you to agree to give theย  presentation in front of 2000 people.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฉ๊ฐํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
76:47
Even though you were.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์ง€๋งŒ.
76:49
Petrified.
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์„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:50
It was brave of you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฉ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:52
You can say she made theย  bold decision to move abroad.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ด์™ธ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:57
It's brave, it's bold.
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์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:00
She made the bold decision or it was courageous.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฉ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:05
It takes a lot of courage.
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๋งŽ์€ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:07
It was courageous of you to quit your job.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฉ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:12
For the first time in my life, Iย  understood how courageous she is.
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๋‚œ์ƒ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฉ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ์ง€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:16
So we were so proud of him becauseย  he was so courageous, so visionary.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์ „์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:22
Now, that's a pretty bold statement.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝค ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ผ
77:25
The one thing you talk aboutย  every day is your daily routine.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ผ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:30
Now you'll learn how to talk aboutย  this with advanced C1 vocabulary.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ C1 ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:35
Let's talk about Mark's daily routine.
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๋งˆํฌ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
77:39
Say hello to Mark.
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๋งˆํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‚ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
77:40
Mark is a manager.
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๋งˆํฌ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:43
He's married and he has two young kids.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ
77:47
Let me tell you about Mark's daily routineย  at an advanced C1 level, and after I'llย ย 
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Mark์˜ ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  , ๊ทธ ํ›„์—
77:55
explain all the advanced vocabulary andย  grammar that you can add to your speech.
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์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:01
The alarm rings at 6:30 AM, signalingย  the beginning of Mark's day.
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์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆํฌ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋จ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:07
With precision, he orchestratesย  the morning routine, ensuringย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์นจ ์ผ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ
78:12
his two energetic children are dressed and fed.
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ํ™œ๋ ฅ ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์ž๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:16
As the aroma of coffee fills the air, Markย  reviews his schedule, preparing for the day ahead.
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์ปคํ”ผ ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ Mark๋Š” ์ผ์ •์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด์ผ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:24
Notice how this daily routine started inย  a very advanced way, almost a poetic way.
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์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
78:32
The alarm rings at 6:30 AM.
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์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:37
Most students would simply say I wake up at 6:30ย  AM or in this case Mark wakes up at 6:30 AM.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” Mark๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:47
But this is very beginner and boring.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ดˆ๋ณด์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.
78:50
The alarm rings at 6:30 AM.
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์˜ค์ „ 6์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง
78:54
That sounds so advanced.
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๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
78:56
Why don't you try that?
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ?
78:58
You can say my alarm instead of the alarm.
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์•Œ๋žŒ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋‚ด ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:01
You can make it possessive.
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์†Œ์œ ์š•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:03
My alarm rings present simpleย  conjugated with my alarm.
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๋‚ด ์•Œ๋žŒ ๋ง์€ ๋‚ด ์•Œ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:08
It my alarm rings at.
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๋‚ด ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
79:11
Put that in the comments andย  share what time your alarm rings,ย ย 
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
79:16
which is an alternative to sayingย  I wake up at my alarm rings at.
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์ด๋Š” ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:22
As for me, my alarm rings at 5:30 AMย  signaling the beginning of Mark's day.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค์ „ 5์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ๋งˆํฌ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:31
Notice here we have signaling in the ING form.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ING ํ˜•์‹์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
79:36
This is a present participle.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘์—…
79:39
It adds description by showing theย  result of the action with precision.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
79:45
Precision means that thereย  was a high level of accuracy.
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์ •๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:51
This is an advanced.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:53
Now you can also say with ease, with ease becauseย ย 
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ, ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:57
you want to talk about your dailyย  routine as being easy with ease.
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์ผ์ƒ์„ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:03
He orchestrates the morning routine again.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์นจ ์ผ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์กฐ์œจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:06
Notice the vocabulary is that.
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์ฃผ์˜ํ•  ์ ์€ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ์ €๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:09
More advanced C1 level to orchestrateย  means to organize a range or coordinateย ย 
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๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์กฐ์ •์€ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กฐ์ •
80:16
and notice those verb conjugationsย  because we're in the present simpleย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ
80:20
and is being conjugated withย  the subject he, ** *** is.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ he, ** *** is์™€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:25
You need to add that as with precision,ย  he orchestrates the morning routine,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•„์นจ ์ผ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์œจํ•˜๊ณ 
80:31
ensuring Notice here another present participle.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:35
Again it describes the action ensuringย  his two energetic children are dressedย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์ž๋…€์—๊ฒŒ
80:42
and fed as the aroma of coffee fills the air.
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์ปคํ”ผ ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šธ ๋•Œ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:48
Notice here aroma is a more advancedย  way of saying the smell of coffee.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ ํ–ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:54
The aroma of coffee.
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์ปคํ”ผ์˜ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ.
80:56
Mark Review use his schedule, preparing anotherย  present participle, preparing for his day ahead.
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Mark Review๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ •์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:04
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
81:05
At the office, Mark transitions into hisย  managerial role leading a diverse team.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ Mark๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋„๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:13
His day is filled with back-to-backย  Zoom meetings and presentations.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ Zoom ํšŒ์˜์™€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:18
Mark excels in conveying intricateย  ideas during meetings and negotiations.
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Mark๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์™€ ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ค‘์— ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํƒ์›”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:24
At the office, Mark transitionsย  into something his managerial role.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ Mark๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:31
Maybe you could say after tending to my children,ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋Œ๋ณธ ํ›„์—
81:36
I have to transition into my marketingย  role or whatever your next role is.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์—ญํ• ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:43
At the office, Mark transitions into hisย  managerial role, leading a diverse team.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ Mark๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:50
Again, the present participle.
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ.
81:53
It describes the action his day is filled with.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šด ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:58
To be filled with something,ย  this means to contain a lot of.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:05
Now, although contain is a more advancedย  vocabulary term than filled with, addingย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํฌํ•จ์€ fill with๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜ ์šฉ์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
82:12
phrasal verbs, idioms, and expressions is a greatย  way to sound more advanced to sound more see one.
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ, ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด, ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:20
So to be filled with sounds more advanced thanย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Zoom ํšŒ์˜ ๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
82:23
saying contains and back-to-backย  Zoom meetings and presentations.
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.
82:29
This means that as one meeting ends,ย  another one immediately begins back-to-back.
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์ฆ‰, ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:37
Mark excels in explaining intricate ideas.
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Mark๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํƒ์›”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:41
This is AC1 or C2 sentence.
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AC1 ๋˜๋Š” C2 ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:45
A more beginner sentence would be saying Markย  is very good at communicating complex ideas.
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์ข€ ๋” ์ดˆ๋ณด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ Mark๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:54
But notice that grammar difference?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
82:56
To excel in something or doingย  something or to be good at.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ํƒ์›”ํ•˜๋‹ค, ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋˜๋Š” ์ž˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
83:02
So you need a different preposition.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:04
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
83:06
As the work day concludes, Mark races against theย ย 
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๊ทผ๋ฌด์ผ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด Mark๋Š”
83:10
clock to attend his children'sย  extracurricular activities.
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์ž๋…€์˜ ๊ณผ์™ธ ํ™œ๋™์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
83:14
Soccer practice, music lessonsย  and art classes become integralย ย 
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์ถ•๊ตฌ ์—ฐ์Šต, ์Œ์•… ์ˆ˜์—… ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์—…์€
83:19
parts of their routine in theย  car rides between activities.
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ํ™œ๋™ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:23
Mark cherishes the moments of connectionย  with his children As the work day concludes.
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๋งˆํฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ผ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ ์ž๋…€์™€ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:30
Concludes is a more advanced wayย  of saying as the work day ends.
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ผ์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
83:35
As the work day concludes,ย  mark races against the clock.
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๊ทผ๋ฌด์ผ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
83:40
This is an expression to race against the clock.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ณ„์™€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œํ•œ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์—…์„
83:44
This is when you have to work quickly to completeย  all your tasks within a limited amount of time.
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์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
83:52
To race against the clock, soccer practice,ย ย 
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ, ์ถ•๊ตฌ ์—ฐ์Šต,
83:55
music lessons, and art classes becomeย  integral parts of their daily routine.
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์Œ์•… ์ˆ˜์—…, ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:02
Integral means essential or necessary.
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Integral์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:06
It's a more advanced term.
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์ข€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:08
Let's look at this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:09
In the car ride between activities, Mark cherishesย  the moments of connection with his children.
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๋งˆํฌ๋Š” ํ™œ๋™ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋ฉด์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:18
This is a complex sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:21
The first part is a dependent clause,ย  which means it is not a complete sentence,ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ข…์†์ ˆ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
84:28
but if you add it to an independentย  clause, then it becomes a complex sentence.
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:35
Using complex sentences is an integral partย  of sounding more advanced, fluent and see one.
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:43
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
84:44
Following dinner, the family reunites inย  collective activities, whether it's a board.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ ๋“ฑ ๊ณต๋™ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:50
Game a movie night.
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์˜ํ™”์˜ ๋ฐค ๊ฒŒ์ž„.
84:51
Or a stroll in the neighborhood.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋™๋„ค ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
84:53
Mark, though weary from the demands of the day,ย  revels in the simple pleasures of familial bonds.
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๋งˆํฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์œ ์ผ์ƒ์— ์ง€์ณค์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:01
Following dinner.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„.
85:02
This is a more way of saying after dinnerย  the family reunites in collective activities.
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์ด๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๊ณต๋™ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชจ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:11
This is very advanced and again almost poetic.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:15
A more B1 everyday way of saying this wouldย  be the family spends quality time together.
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์ข€ ๋” B1 ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:24
One of the activities is aย  stroll in the neighborhood.
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ํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™๋„ค ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:28
A stroll is a leisurely walk.
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์‚ฐ์ฑ…์€ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด๋‹ค.
85:32
So if there is a word stroll thatย  means something else to walk leisurely,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š”
85:39
it sounds more advanced to use the oneย  word that communicates that idea, a stroll.
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ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
85:46
A leisurely walk.
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์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์ฑ….
85:48
Now, grammatically, youย  can use to go for a stroll.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:53
Following dinner, we went forย  a lovely stroll in the park.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:58
The verb is go, so it's conjugatedย  in the past simple went.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” go์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:03
You can also take a stroll following dinner.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜์…”๋„ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:07
We took the past simple of take.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ take๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:10
Following dinner we took aย  lovely stroll in the park.
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:14
Both are common and equally used.
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:18
Let's learn about how Mark ends his dailyย  routine as the clock inches towards bedtime.
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์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ Mark๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
86:25
Mark carves out a brief period for personalย  reflection by reading, meditating or journaling.
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Mark๋Š” ๋…์„œ, ๋ช…์ƒ, ์ผ๊ธฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:33
As he slips into his comfortable bed,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ
86:36
he savers the tranquility that descends uponย  his home as the clock inches towards bedtime.
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์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์ง‘์— ์ฐพ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ํ‰์˜จํ•จ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:44
This is very advanced.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:45
It sounds poetic as bedtime approaches, clearlyย  sounds more intermediate, more basic than Asย ย 
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์ทจ์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋” ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:56
the clock inches towards bedtime, Mark carvesย  out a brief period for personal reflection by,ย ย 
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์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก Mark๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ฌต์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•œ
87:05
by, and then you have your activities byย  reading, by meditating, or by journaling.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋…์„œ, ๋ช…์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ธฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
87:13
You could say I start my day byย  and then whatever the activity is,ย ย 
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋“ 
87:18
I start my day by working out for 30 minutes.
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30๋ถ„ ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:23
I end my day.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.
87:25
I conclude my day to sound more advanced.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:29
I conclude my day by meditating for 15 minutes.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 15๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ช…์ƒ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์นจ๋Œ€์— ๋ˆ„์šธ ๋•Œ
87:34
It's an integral part of my daily routineย  as he slips into his comfortable bed.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
87:43
To slip into is a more advanced,ย  poetic way of saying to get into.
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To Slip into๋Š” get into๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:49
I get into bed at 10:00.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 10์‹œ์— ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค.
87:53
I slip into my warm and comfortable bedย  as the clock inches towards 10:00 PM.
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์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์˜คํ›„ 10์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์ž ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์นจ๋Œ€์— ์Šฌ๊ทธ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:01
That sounds very advanced and poetic.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ง„๋ณด์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:04
He savers, he really enjoys.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:07
He savers the tranquility, the peace and quiet.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ‰์˜จํ•จ, ํ‰ํ™”, ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:11
He savers the tranquility that descends upon hisย  home, descends, that enters, that fills his home.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๊ณ  , ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๊ณ , ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ , ์ง‘์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ํ‰์˜จํ•จ์„ ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:21
AB One student might simply sayย  he enjoys the quiet in his home.
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AB ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:27
Now let's look at this whole sentence together,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:30
which is a complex sentence and I wantย  you to notice the as he and then theย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š”
88:36
other part of the sentence, he as he,ย  X, he, YX and Y being the activities.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ he as he, X, he, YX ๋ฐ Y๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋™์ž„์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:45
As I prepare my breakfast, Iย  review my back-to-back meetings.
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์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฐ์† ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:51
As I is the dependent clause,ย  which means it's incomplete.
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I๋Š” ์ข…์†์ ˆ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:58
You have to connect it to an independent clause.
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๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:02
I review my back-to-back meetings.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์† ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:05
That would be the independent clause.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์กฐํ•ญ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:08
So this is a complex sentence.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‹ค.
89:10
A great way to sound more advanced.
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๋”์šฑ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:13
Amazing job.
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์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
89:14
Do you want me to make another master class?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธธ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
89:18
If you do, put master class, masterย  class, put master class in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค, ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค, ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
89:23
And of course, make sure you like this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
89:25
Share it with your friends and subscribe toย  your notified Every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
89:30
And you can get this free speaking guideย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ
89:31
where I share 6 on how to speakย  English fluently and confidently.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
89:35
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
89:39
And you can keep expanding yourย  vocabulary with this lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:42
Watch it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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