โšฝ๐Ÿ† Learn English with the News | English Reading Lesson (Advanced English Vocabulary, Grammar)

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2022-11-26 ใƒป JForrest English


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โšฝ๐Ÿ† Learn English with the News | English Reading Lesson (Advanced English Vocabulary, Grammar)

127,578 views ใƒป 2022-11-26

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today you're going to learn English withย  the news. We're going to read a news articleย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‰ด์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •
00:05
together and you're going to learn a lot ofย  advanced grammar, natural vocabulary and evenย ย 
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์–ดํœ˜, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด
00:12
pronunciation by reading this article. Welcomeย  back to JForrestEnglish training. Of course, I'mย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. JForrestEnglish ๊ต์œก์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ €๋Š”
00:18
Jennifer and this is your place to become a fluentย  confident English speaker. Let's get started.ย ย 
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Jennifer์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
00:29
Welcome to our article, if you're a footballย  fan, you'll love this article. And if not,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํŒฌ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:35
that's okay. You'll still love it for allย  the advanced English grammar and vocabularyย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:40
you're going to learn. So let's reviewย  our title here the article is titled worldย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ World
00:47
count 2022 Christiana Ronaldo says row withย  Manchester United will not shake Portugal.ย ย 
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Count 2022์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ์•„๋‚˜ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ์™€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์„ ํ”๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Okay, first of all here Row, row says rowย  with Manchester United. Now row means fight.ย ย 
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์ž, ์šฐ์„  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ Row, Row๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ์™€์˜ ํ–‰์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ํ–‰์€ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
So row is actually British English.ย  And this is an article from the BBCย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ–‰์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ BBC์˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ
01:16
so it is British English. I speakย  American English and we use the wordย ย 
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ธ์›€์ด๋ž€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
fight says fight with Manchester United.ย  Let me make this a little bit smaller.ย ย 
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๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ์™€์˜ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Okay, fight roe is fight. And here of course weย  have Cristiano Ronaldo. United are exploring theirย ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ์‹ธ์›€ ์•Œ์€ ์‹ธ์›€์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” Cristiano Ronaldo๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ๋Š” Talk TV์™€์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ํ›„
01:41
legal options as they look to en Ronaldo was timeย  at the club following his critical interview withย ย 
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ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํด๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฒ•์  ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:49
talk TV. Now when I first saw this, I thought thisย  was quite odd because look at our subject united.ย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
I'm not a football fan, but I know just fromย  context that United is the name of the team. Iย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํŒฌ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํŒ€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
hope that's correct. Manchester United so unitedย  is the name of the team that Ronaldo plays for.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์€ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋›ฐ๋Š” ํŒ€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
So why if this is united, there is noย  s on it. Why are we using the verb Rย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด s๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ R์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
02:23
because we know that r is conjugated withย  we are, they are or the subject you are.ย ย 
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์ด์œ ๋Š” r์ด we are, they are ๋˜๋Š” the ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
You we are they are, but we know thatย  is our subject is would be he she it isย ย 
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You we are they are, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
02:49
for our verb TO BE conjugation. So if United isย  singular and would represent it as a subject,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ TO BE ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ United๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๊ณ  ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:56
why is it conjugated as they and the verb to beย  is are the best? My best guess is because they'reย ย 
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they์™€ be๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋‚ด ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ถ”์ธก์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
03:07
referring to United maybe managers United managersย  are exploring United coaches are exploring Unitedย ย 
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์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋Š” ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ”์น˜๋Š” ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
leaders I'm not sure who else would be on theย  team, what the language they would use but thatย ย 
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ํŒ€์— ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„์ง€ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
03:28
is the only explanation I can give you for whyย  it has our bid the needs to be something pluralย ย 
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
here United managers are exploring their legalย  options. Because notice here as they they makeย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ
03:46
sense because we know our subject is You we theyย  because we have the verb to be. So this subjectย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ You we they๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š”
03:56
united, it's the same here as they so I guessย  you can think of it as United managers are.ย ย 
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ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
All right, Ronaldo, 37 said he felt betrayed byย  the club. He stated he had no respect for managerย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 37์„ธ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋‹จ์— ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €
04:18
Erik ten Hag. Okay. He felt betrayed to feelย  betrayed. Notice how the word betray is being usedย ย 
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Erik ten Hag๋ฅผ ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐฐ์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
04:31
as an adjective. And we commonly use the verbs areย  or feel when we have an adjective that follows it.ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋™์‚ฌ are ๋˜๋Š” feel์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ
04:41
And I pointing this out because we can useย  the tray as a verb. So this is also a verb.ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
You could say, Eric betrayed Ronaldo. I'm justย  using his last name here, Ronaldo. Eric betrayedย ย 
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์—๋ฆญ์ด ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๋ฆญ์€ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:00
Ronaldo. So this is our verb to betray. Andย  it's just conjugated in the past simple.ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
So this is the past symbol. I could say Ericย  always betrays Ronaldo. And this is of course,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๋ฆญ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก 
05:19
our present simple. So it's our verb betrayย  and we can use it in different time references.ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์‹  ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
I could also put this in the passive voice, whichย  is quite common when we have the verb betray.ย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
And we can say, Ronaldo, do you know what theย  passive would be? Ronaldo was betrayed by Ericย ย 
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ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘, ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š” ? ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ์—๋ฆญ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
Now of course in the passive you don't have toย  include by and the person that's optional. So youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํฌํ•จํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ์™€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
05:56
could just say Ronaldo was betrayed, Ronaldoย  was betrayed, and this is the passive voice.ย ย 
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ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So here he felt betrayed. Betrayed isย  our adjective describing his feeling.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
In my life, the best timing is alwaysย  my timing, Ronaldo said on Monday,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ํƒ€์ด๋ฐ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚ด ํƒ€์ด๋ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ์›”์š”์ผ์— ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
now pay attention when you're reading somethingย  because whenever we have quotations, you know thatย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
06:28
someone is talking directly so these areย  the exact words that Ronaldo said. Andย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
06:35
you know that because you see them in theseย  are called quotation marks quotation marks.ย ย 
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์ด๋“ค์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ ์ธ์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
Quotation marks and we use theย  word quotation marks, we also say.ย ย 
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์ธ์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์™€ ์ธ์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
You could say for some, for example, Ronaldoย  was quoted as saying, and then it would say inย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด Ronaldo๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์šฉ๋œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ธ์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์—์„œ
07:03
my life, so notice the word quoted that comes fromย  quotation marks. And then of course this continuesย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š” ์ธ์šฉ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:17
and sometimes when celebrities orย  leaders are doing business interviews,ย ย 
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
07:23
or any interview a sports interview, they'llย  ask for a quote, can you give us a quote,ย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฌ์ ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ธ์šฉ์„ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:29
on your opinion, and then they'll share theirย  quotes and it will appear in quotation marksย ย 
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์ธ์šฉ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉฐ
07:38
making a surprise appearance at a newsย  conference, the Portugal captain said again,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์ž ํšŒ๊ฒฌ์—์„œ ๊นœ์ง ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:45
our quotation marks. I don't have to thinkย  about what other people think. I speak whenย ย 
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. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:52
I want. The players know me really well forย  many years, and know the type of person I am.ย ย 
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. ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Now notice this is in a quotation. So this is whatย  Ronaldo said word for word. Because he said forย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””๋กœ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:12
many years, if I were to rewrite this, I would useย  a different verb tense in this specific sentence.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์“ด๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
The players know me really well. That was possibleย  when he was speaking. He just said the playersย ย 
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด
08:30
know me really well. And then he paused and heย  added on for many years and is common in spokenย ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
08:39
English. So the sentence structure might notย  match because you add something on that couldย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:47
change the verb tense, because for many yearsย  does not go with the present simple. They'reย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
not compatible. When you see or many years. Doย  you know what verb tense we need. We need anย ย 
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ํ˜ธํ™˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„. ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
09:04
action that started in the past and continuesย  on till now and will continue into the future.ย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋  ์ž‘์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
That's the present perfect, so instead of No, itย  would be better if Ronaldo had said the players.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ No ๋Œ€์‹  Ronaldo๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ์ข‹์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
The players have known meย  have known me for many years.ย ย 
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
The players have known me This is our presentย  perfect have known for our present perfect we needย ย 
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:42
has or have as the auxiliary and we useย  have for you we and they. We need our verbย ย 
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. ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:58
in the past simple. So or our third formย  our third form of the verb the participleย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š”
10:06
the past participle third form. The players haveย  known me for many years. Now you could also sayย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
10:16
since the players have known me since 2005,ย  so you can give us specific time reference.ย ย 
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2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
And you sense the players have known meย  since 2005. Since I was 21, for example.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ 21์‚ด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์š”.
10:43
Let's move on. It's an ambitious group that isย  hungry and focused. So I'm sure it won't shakeย ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์•ผ์‹ฌ ์ฐฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
10:53
the changing rooms concentration and focus. Nowย  notice this is a quote so this is Ronaldo talking.ย ย 
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ํƒˆ์˜์‹ค ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:03
This I want you to notice, sometimes inย  written English, especially in the news,ย ย 
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ
11:11
you might see something in square brackets. inย  square brackets. This is additional informationย ย 
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๋Œ€๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์—. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
11:19
to provide context because right now, so I'm sureย  it what's the it we don't know it's not clear,ย ย 
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์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
11:29
because this is a quote. So that it could haveย  been talked about before. But we're only hearingย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
11:39
this one section of the conversation. So it'sย  not clear to us what it is, and it's not easyย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ด ํ•œ ์„น์…˜๋งŒ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:48
to understand it. So whoever wrote the articleย  The author of this article is giving us theย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ
11:55
information we need in square brackets, and it'sย  in square brackets to let me know that Ronaldo didย ย 
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋Œ€๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€
12:03
not see this. It's only to provide context. So I'mย  sure it it being the interview that he gave. Thisย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
12:13
whole article is about an interview that he gave.ย  I'm sure it the interview. I'm sure that interviewย ย 
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์ „์ฒด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉด์ ‘์ด ํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋Š”
12:21
won't shake the changing rooms concentrationย  and focus notice this, it won't shake to shake.ย ย 
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ํƒˆ์˜์‹ค ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์ด ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์ดˆ์ ์€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
This is an idiom, because it's being used in aย  specific context right now. I could I just have myย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚ด ์ „ํ™”๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:39
phone here. I could shake my phone to shake. Whyย  would I do that? Now let's say you have a juice,ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚ด ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“์„ ์™œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์–ด? ์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
you might shake your juice before you drink it. Soย  there are many things you probably shake and thisย ย 
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์ฃผ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํ”๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒŒ
12:54
is the motion of shaking. That doesn't make senseย  in this context, right? So when a verb the literalย ย 
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ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
13:04
meaning of the verb doesn't make any sense.ย  It's because it's idiomatic which means it hasย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€
13:11
an alternative meaning a non literal meaning.ย  So that is something shakes something. Okay,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹Œ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
so in this case, it's the interview. I'm puttingย  it in the past simple, shook, I shook my drink.ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋„ฃ๊ณ , ํ”๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
The action is completed. I just shook my drink.ย  The interview shook the world for example,ย ย 
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์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋’คํ”๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
what does that mean? The interview shook theย  world. When something shakes something somethingย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋’คํ”๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค ๋•Œ
13:52
the interview shook something the world it meansย  to cause a disturbance to cause a disturbance.ย ย 
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์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
You can think of it as in a way toย  interrupt so the players were wereย ย 
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด
14:16
playing, they were practicing and then Ronaldo didย  this interview, and it disturbed them in some way.ย ย 
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
It impacted them. It affected them. It interruptedย  what they were doing. So there are different waysย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์ผ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:33
you can think of it disturb is probably theย  easiest one you can think of a cause to causeย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์†Œ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†Œ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
14:43
a disturbance so to disturb I'll just make itย  short to disturb to interrupt to affect evenย ย 
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๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
so the interview disturbedย  them. affected them in some way.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
Five Time belong d'Or winner Ronaldo willย  the Portugal into their opening group ahย ย 
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ํŒŒ์ด๋ธŒ ํƒ€์ž„ ์ธ ๋„๋ฅด ์šฐ์Šน์ž ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์— ona์™€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ง‰ ์กฐ์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:13
game against ona on Thursday. So here they'reย  just giving some background on who Ronaldo is.ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
15:24
I don't think there's muchย  here. We need to discuss.ย ย 
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๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
He has just over seven monthsย  remaining on his 500,000ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š”
15:38
Euro a week contract at Old Trafford, but unitedย  could terminate the forwards contract which wouldย ย 
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Old Trafford์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋‹น 500,000์œ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด 7๊ฐœ์›” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ๋‚˜์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ๋Š”
15:49
leave him free to sign for another club whenย  the transfer window opens in January. Okayย ย 
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1์›” ์ด์  ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํด๋Ÿฝ์— ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฌ์›Œ๋“œ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ
16:01
he has just over. Now over in this case meansย  more than more than so we could be 7.5 months.ย ย 
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๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋Š” 7.5๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
It could be eight months. It could be nine months.ย  That's over seven months but when I add the wordย ย 
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8๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 9๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 7๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋„˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
16:23
just now I know it's a small amount. So it's notย  nine months is not 8.5 Because that's not justย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ง‰ ์ ์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 9๊ฐœ์›”์€ 8.5๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€
16:35
just would be 7.1 7.2 7.3 Maybe 7.5 would beย  just so a small amount. So just a small amountย ย 
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7.1 7.2 7.3์ด 7.5๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰๋งŒ
16:57
more I would say a small amount more.ย  And then over is more than so remember.ย ย 
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๋” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
They could just say they could only say overย  he has over seven months. But then it's notย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 7๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋„˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
17:12
clear because 24 months is over seven months.ย  So it's a very wide timeframe. But if I addย ย 
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24๊ฐœ์›”์ด 7๊ฐœ์›”์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋„“์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
17:21
just over I know it's a small amount more.ย  But you have to include the over as well.ย ย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
You can't say just seven months remaining justย  over seven months remaining. Let's continue on.ย ย 
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7๊ฐœ์›” ๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  7 ๊ฐœ์›” ๋‚จ์ง“ ๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
17:41
All right. He has not played because of anย  unspecified illness since he kept in unitedย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๊ทธ๋Š” 3๋Œ€ 1 ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์—์„œ ๋‹จํ•ฉ๋œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋ถˆํŠน์ • ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚˜์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:49
in their three to one defeat. at Aston Villa onย  Sixth November. But he says he feels in shapeย ย 
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. 11์›” 6์ผ Aston Villa์—์„œ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š”
17:58
for what will be his Fifth World Cup. His fifthย  world cup that is very impressive. Notice hereย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์›”๋“œ์ปต์ด ๋  ์ปจ๋””์…˜์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์›”๋“œ์ปต์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
18:10
since and then we have a specific time reference.ย  Now it's not clear that it's a specific timeย ย 
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์ดํ›„ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„
18:20
reference because it just says since he kept inย  the game, but he kept in the game on a specificย ย 
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์œ ์ง€ํ•œ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ์— ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฐธ์กฐ์ธ์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:31
date. So that could have been for example, I haveย  no idea what it was. But let's just say it was Mayย ย 
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 5์›”
18:38
23. Okay, so that is since May 23. It's a specificย  time don't worry about this he kept in the game isย ย 
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23์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑด 5์›” 23์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
18:50
just because Ronaldo is the captain of the team.ย  So this is very much a sports specific word. Justย ย 
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ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํŒ€์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์˜
19:00
if you're confused about seeing Captain as a verbย  in the past form, just ignore that it's a sportsย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ Captain์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋ฉด
19:08
reference because he's the captain of the team.ย  Going back to sense a specific date. Now, let'sย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŒ€์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ฐธ์กฐ์ž„์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํŠน์ • ๋‚ ์งœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
19:16
go back to our verb tense. You can always findย  the verb tense at the beginning of the sentence,ย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜
19:23
and it will be after the subject because weย  have subject verb than object the rest of theย ย 
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฃผ์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์–ด ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:30
sentence. So here is our verb tense. And what doย  you notice? It's in the present perfect because weย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
19:39
have since and that goes back to the change I madeย  to Ronaldo was quote previously. Now notice hereย ย 
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ „์— ์ธ์šฉํ•œ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
19:49
of course we have has because he has, if it was weย  it would be we have not played we have not playedย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:01
you have not played they have not played youย  we they and notice where we put our negative.ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:12
Now in written English especially in theย  media, they tend to avoid contractions,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:22
because it's more formal to say have not but if Iย  wanted to turn this into a contraction, which isย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š”
20:32
very common in many forms of written English,ย  you can of course say he hasn't. He hasn't.ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
20:43
He hasn't played, but generally the mediaย  tends to avoid contractions. And academicย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™๋ฌธ์ ์ธ
20:52
English. Definitely avoid contractions. Butย  if you're writing something for an everydayย ย 
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์˜์–ด. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ํ”ผํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์žฅ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
21:00
English purpose, such as an email at work,ย  then you can use the contracted form thatย ย 
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21:07
would be my recommendation if you're ever inย  doubt, then just use the full non contractedย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์ •
21:14
form because it will sound proper and correctย  in any situation. Let's continue on. I wantedย ย 
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์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
21:25
to discuss this he feels in shape. He feelsย  in shape. Now this is a great expression.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
Here it's being used with the verb feel whichย  you can do. I would say it's more commonly usedย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋Š๋‚Œ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
21:42
with the verb to be to be in shape. I see moreย  commonly because B describes your current state.ย ย 
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to be in shape์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. B๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
I am tired. It describes how I feel how I amย  right now. But we commonly like I just did weย ย 
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๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ I just did we์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
22:02
commonly use the verb feel to replace the verb toย  be okay. So you can say feel to be or to feel inย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ be ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์‚ฌ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ feel to be ๋˜๋Š” to feel in shape๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:13
shape. I am tired. I feel tired to be in shape. Isย  to describe yourself in good physical condition,ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด. ๋ชธ๋งค๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:28
good physical condition. And of course Ronaldoย  as an athlete is in shape. So good physicalย ย 
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์‹ ์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šด๋™ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๋Š” ๋ชธ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์ 
22:41
condition. Now the opposite is I'll put it downย  here for you to be out of shape. So notice inย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชธ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์—‰๋ง์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
22:56
good physical condition out bad physicalย  condition to be out of shape. So this is badย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์‹ ์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์œ ์‹ ์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
23:04
physical condition. So you could say for example,ย  I go to the gym five times a week. I'm in greatย ย 
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๋ชธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
23:16
shape. You can simply say, I'm in sheet, that'sย  fine. But we if you don't have an adjective,ย ย 
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ 'I'm in sheet, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด,
23:26
I would probably just say represents good I'm inย  shape. I'm in good physical condition. Well whatย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๋‹ค. ์Œ
23:34
if you want to say I'm in great shape? Great,ย  obviously is better than good. I'm in amazingย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด? ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด
23:42
shape. I'm in excellent shape. So we commonly addย  an adjective. The same is true for the oppositeย ย 
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๋ชธ๋งค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:53
out of shape. So let me give you an exampleย  there as well. Okay, I haven't gone to the gymย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋„ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:07
since last year, notice I'm using the presentย  perfect because my time reference started inย ย 
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. ์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด
24:19
the past and continues until now. And this is aย  negative. I haven't gone to the gym since lastย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:28
year. I'm in a terrible shape. So I took my inย  shape, but I gave it a negative adjective. Youย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ชธ๋งค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์ง€ ๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
24:41
can absolutely do that. I'm in terrible shape.ย  I'm in awful shape. I'm in the worst shape. Okay,ย ย 
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์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:50
but you can also use out of shape. So youย  can say I'm out of shape. So remember here.ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:06
You can add an adjective and then if yourย  adjective is negative, it's obviously goingย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
25:13
to change the definition from good to whateverย  the adjective is terrible. Shape, awful shape,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์–‘, ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘,
25:23
horrible shape. I feel that this Portugal swan hasย  amazing potential. I think we can win for sure.ย ย 
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘. ์ด ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฑ์กฐ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:32
But we need to focus on the next game. So it'sย  focusing on gonna get a win and go from there.ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
But we'll see in the end who the best teamย  is. But I believe Portugal is the best teamย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํŒ€์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์›”๋“œ์ปต์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:48
in this World Cup. But we need to show it onย  the pitch. Now obviously because this was inย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
25:56
quotes this was Ronaldo talking. And he accordingย  to him, this is what he said he believes Portugalย ย 
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ํ˜ธ๋‚ ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์ด
26:05
is the best team in the World Cup. So do youย  agree with that? Do you think Portugal is theย ย 
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์›”๋“œ์ปต ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์ด
26:12
best team in the World Cup? You can leave yourย  answer in the comments below. And I hope youย ย 
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์›”๋“œ์ปต ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํŒ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:18
enjoyed this article. Amazing job with thisย  article. Think of all the advanced grammar,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•,
26:25
natural vocabulary and even pronunciation thatย  you learned in this lesson. I want you to takeย ย 
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์–ดํœ˜, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
26:32
your favorite new expression from this lessonย  and leave an example sentence practicing in theย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์— ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
26:39
comments below. And if you found this videoย  helpful, please hit the like button, shareย ย 
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. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ 
26:44
it with your friends and of course subscribe.ย  And before you go make sure you head on overย ย 
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์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์—
26:48
to my website JForrestEnglish.com and downloadย  your free speaking guide in this guide I shareย ย 
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์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ JForrestEnglish.com์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š”
26:54
six tips on how to speak English fluently andย  confidently and until next time Happy Studying!
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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