Writing Skills: When to use commas with AND, BUT, OR, FOR, SO, YET...

254,017 views ・ 2012-07-09

English with Alex


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hey, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on conjunctions
0
0
7600
μ–˜λ“€ μ•„. μ €λŠ” μ•Œλ ‰μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 클릭해 μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κΈ€μ“°κΈ° 접속사 κ°•μ˜μ— μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:07
in writing. In this lesson, we are going to focus on the most common coordinating conjunctions
1
7600
6240
. 이 λ‹¨μ›μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 λ“±μœ„ 접속사인
00:13
in English, "and," "so," "but," and "or," and we're going to focus on improving your writing.
2
13840
7400
"and", "so", "but", "or"에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”κ³  μž‘λ¬Έ μ‹€λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒν•˜λŠ” 데 쀑점을 λ‘˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
Okay? So I know that you guys understand what "and" means, right? "And," in addition. "So,"
3
21240
6840
μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "그리고"κ°€ 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? "그리고," λ˜ν•œ. 결과적으둜 "κ·Έλž˜μ„œ"
00:28
as a result. "But," to add contrast. Or, when you give a choice, right? But in this lesson,
4
28080
6880
. "κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜" λŒ€λΉ„λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μ„ νƒκΆŒμ„ 쀄 λ•Œ, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이번 κ°•μ˜μ—μ„œλŠ”
00:34
I want to focus more on the punctuation we use when we use conjunctions, coordinating
5
34960
5920
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 접속사, 특히 λ“±μœ„ 접속사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” ꡬ두점에 더 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:40
conjunctions especially. So what a coordinating conjunction is, is a joining word, a connecting
6
40880
6900
. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ“±μœ„ μ ‘μ†μ‚¬λŠ” κ²°ν•©μ–΄,
00:47
word that connects two independent ideas. Often independent, but somehow related ideas.
7
47780
7060
두 개의 독립적인 생각을 μ—°κ²°ν•˜λŠ” μ—°κ²°μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’…μ’… λ…λ¦½μ μ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œλ“  κ΄€λ ¨λœ 아이디어.
00:54
Okay? So I have three sentences on the board. We have, "I go to the gym on Saturday, and
8
54840
6320
μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μΉ νŒμ— μ„Έ λ¬Έμž₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "ν† μš”μΌμ— μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ— κ°€κ³ 
01:01
I visit my parents." So if I ask you guys, "What do you do on Saturday? What do you usually
9
61160
6120
λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ "ν† μš”μΌμ— 무엇을 ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:07
do on Saturday?" You say, "Okay, well, on Saturday, I go to the gym, and I visit my
10
67280
5160
ν† μš”μΌμ—λŠ” 보톡 무엇을 ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"라고 λ¬»λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ 당신은 "μ’‹μ•„μš”, ν† μš”μΌμ— μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ— κ°€κ³ 
01:12
parents." Right? Next one, "It didn't rain yesterday, so I went for a long walk." And
11
72440
7160
λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였λ₯Έμͺ½? 이어 "μ–΄μ œλŠ” λΉ„κ°€ μ•ˆμ™€μ„œ μ˜€λžœλ§Œμ— 산책을 λ‚˜κ°”λ‹€. 그리고
01:19
finally, "I wanted to go out, but none of my friends were available." Now, what you'll
12
79600
6480
λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ "λ‚˜κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆλŠ”λ° μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”." 이제,
01:26
notice about what is common in all of these sentences is what? The comma? Correct. Okay.
13
86080
12000
이 λͺ¨λ“  λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 곡톡적인 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬μ‹€ 것은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ‰Όν‘œ? μ˜³μ€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
01:38
So here we have, "I go to the gym on Saturday, and I visit my parents." "It didn't rain yesterday,
14
98080
7920
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여기에 "ν† μš”μΌμ— μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ— κ°€κ³  λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ–΄μ œ λΉ„κ°€ μ•ˆμ™€μ„œ
01:46
so I went for a long walk." "I wanted to go out, but none of my friends were available."
15
106000
6960
μ˜€λžœλ§Œμ— 산책을 λ‚˜κ°”μ–΄μš”." "λ‚˜κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”."
01:52
The reason the comma is necessary is this. When you use a coordinating conjunction, like
16
112960
6160
μ‰Όν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ” μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
"and," like "so," like "but," like "or," you are usually connecting two independent ideas.
17
119120
8120
"and"와 같은 "so"와 같은 "but"와 같은 λ“±μœ„ 접속사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ "or"와 같이 일반적으둜 두 개의 독립적인 아이디어λ₯Ό μ—°κ²°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
Now, what I mean by this is you have two parts of a sentence, but those sentence parts both
18
127240
7720
자, 이것이 μ œκ°€ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” λ°”λŠ” λ¬Έμž₯의 두 뢀뢄이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ λ¬Έμž₯ λΆ€λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘
02:14
have their own subject and their own verb. So, for example, "I go to the gym on Saturday."
19
134960
6960
자체 μ£Όμ œμ™€ 자체 동사가 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ "λ‚˜λŠ” ν† μš”μΌμ— μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ— κ°„λ‹€."
02:21
The subject is "I." The verb is "go." This is an independent idea, right? It's called
20
141920
6400
μ£Όμ œλŠ” "λ‚˜"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "κ°€λ‹€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이건 독립적인 아이디어죠?
02:28
an independent clause in this case. Here you have "and I visit my parents." "I visit my
21
148320
6400
이 경우 λ…λ¦½μ ˆμ΄λΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 여기에 "그리고 λ‚˜λŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." "λ‚˜λŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:34
parents" is also a separate idea. It can stand by itself. So when you connect two independent
22
154720
8160
"도 λ³„λ„μ˜ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 슀슀둜 μ„€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ”°λΌμ„œ 두 개의 독립적인
02:42
ideas with a coordinating conjunction, and the two independent ideas, again, they have
23
162880
5360
아이디어λ₯Ό λ“±μœ„ μ ‘μ†μ‚¬λ‘œ μ—°κ²°ν•˜κ³  두 개의 독립적인 아이디어λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μ—°κ²°ν•  λ•Œ
02:48
a subject, they have a verb, you need to use a comma, okay?
24
168240
5760
μ£Όμ œμ™€ 동사가 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ μ‰Όν‘œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
So let's look at these one more time, and you can look at some examples in a quiz just
25
174000
6000
자, 이것듀을 ν•œ 번 더 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. ν€΄μ¦ˆμ˜ λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό 톡해
03:00
to test this understanding. Again, "I go to the gym on Saturday," independent idea, comma,
26
180000
6080
이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 또 "λ‚˜λŠ” ν† μš”μΌμ— ν—¬μŠ€μž₯에 κ°„λ‹€", 독립적인 생각, μ‰Όν‘œ,
03:06
and another independent idea, "I visit my parents." "It didn't rain yesterday," comma, "so I went
27
186080
7040
또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 독립적인 생각은 "λ‚˜λŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ λ°©λ¬Έν•œλ‹€." "μ–΄μ œλŠ” λΉ„κ°€ μ•ˆ μ™€μ„œ," μ‰Όν‘œ "κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ”
03:13
for a long walk." As you can see, "I went for a long walk" is an independent idea. You're
28
193120
6160
κΈ΄ 산책을 κ°”λ‹€." λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό "λ‚˜λŠ” κΈ΄ 산책을 κ°”λ‹€"λŠ” 독립적인 μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
joining it with a coordinating conjunction, so you need the comma before. "And I wanted
29
199280
5520
λ“±μœ„ μ ‘μ†μ‚¬λ‘œ κ²°ν•©ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ μ•žμ— μ‰Όν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "그리고
03:24
to go out, but none of my friends were available." "None of my friends" is the subject here, right?
30
204800
7160
λ‚˜κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." "λ‚΄ 친ꡬ μ—†μŒ"이 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ£Όμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
03:31
They were available, "were" being the verb. So again, you're joining two ideas, "I wanted
31
211960
5000
그것듀은 μ‚¬μš© κ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆκ³ , "were"λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ 두 가지 아이디어λ₯Ό κ²°ν•©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ”
03:36
to go out, none of my friends were available," you're connecting them with "but," you need
32
216960
5640
λ‚˜κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆλŠ”λ°, λ‚΄ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”."
03:42
the comma. Okay, guys, if you want to test your understanding of this and improve your
33
222600
5600
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, 이것에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κ³  μž‘λ¬Έ μ‹€λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚€κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ www.engvid.com
03:48
writing, check out the quiz on www.engvid.com. Take care, and good luck.
34
228200
20000
μ—μ„œ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜μ„Έμš” . μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ‹œκ³  ν–‰μš΄μ„ λΉ•λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7