English Grammar - Present Simple - YES/NO QUESTIONS

258,979 views ใƒป 2011-07-20

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey guys, this is Alex. Thanks for clicking and welcome to this beginner lesson on simple
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใช
00:10
present yes/no questions. Now, these are not yes/no questions with the "be" verb in the
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็พๅœจใฎใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถ ใฎใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ yes/no ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
00:16
present tense. If you'd like to learn about yes/no questions with the "be" verb, you can
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ yes/no ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
00:21
check out another lesson on www.engvid.com.
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ใ€www.engvid.com ใงๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:25
For this lesson we are looking at simple present yes/no questions which use the "do" verb.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจใฎ yes/no ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:32
So on the board we have two sentences. "He works downtown." "I live in New Delhi." Now,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒ‡ใƒชใƒผใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ•ใฆ
00:39
the first sentence, "He works downtown." Imagine that the answer is, "Yes, he works downtown."
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ็ญ”ใˆใŒใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:46
So, if the answer is, "Yes, he works downtown," what is the question? Here, the verb is "works."
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ใงใฏใ€็ญ”ใˆใŒใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€่ณชๅ•ใฏ ไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œworksใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:56
The verb is not the "be" verb. If you have a simple present sentence where there is no
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใŒใชใ„ๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
01:03
"be" verb, when you make a question, you need the auxiliary verb, which is the "do" verb.
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ ใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:10
So, here, if you have studied the "do" verb, you will know with "he," the subject "he,"
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€Œdoใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œheใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไธป่ชžใ€Œheใ€ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:17
we say, "He does," not "He do," not "He did." Well, "He did" in the past. In the present,
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ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใงใฏใ€
01:25
it's "He does." So, here, no "be" verb. To make a yes/no question, what we have to do
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจ
01:31
is put the auxiliary verb, "do." Now, since the subject is "he," it's "does." "He," you
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ใฏใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆ ใ€ไธป่ชžใฏใ€Œheใ€ใชใฎใงใ€Œdoesใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณ
01:42
follow it with the subject, "Does he work downtown?" Now, one thing you have to notice
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ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไธป้กŒใŒ็ถšใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใค
01:57
here is, in the third person, with present simple verbs, we know that you have to add
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ใฏใ€ไธ‰ไบบ็งฐใงใ€็พๅœจใฎ ๅ˜็ด”ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:03
the "s." We say, "He works," in the affirmative. "He works downtown," with the "s." You say,
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใซใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅƒใใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
02:11
"I work," no "s." "You work," no "s." "He, she, it works," with "s." So, you see this,
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใใ€ใจใ€Œsใ€ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹
02:20
and you say, "Hmm, he, does he work?" Why is it "work"? Why is there no "s"? Well, when
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ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใ€Œไป•ไบ‹ใ€ใชใฎใ‹๏ผŸ ใชใœใ€Œsใ€ใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:28
you make a yes/no question, or when you use an auxiliary verb, right? Like, "do" is an
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซใ€Œdoใ€ใฏ
02:34
auxiliary verb. The next verb will be the base form, okay? The base, base, base form.
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ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅŽŸๅฝขใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ€‚
02:42
Okay, so here we have, "Does he work downtown?" How do we give a short answer to this? Well,
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็Ÿญใ„็ญ”ใˆใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
02:49
you say, "Yes." "He does," for the affirmative. Or, if the answer is, "He doesn't work," say,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‚ฏๅฎšใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œๅฝผใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€็ญ”ใˆใŒใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆ
03:05
"No, he doesn't." And now, one mistake you have to be careful with is to not say, "Yes,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้–“้•ใ„ใฎ 1 ใค ใฏใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€
03:20
he works." Okay? Or, "No, he doesn't work." Okay? When you give a short answer, you need
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ๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็Ÿญใ„็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ
03:27
to only give the auxiliary. "Yes, he does." Okay? You can also say, "Yes, he does work
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ใ€่ฃœๅŠฉ่ชžใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆ
03:35
downtown." But you can't say, "Yes, he does work." The meaning is different. You can't
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใฏ ๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›
03:40
say that.
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ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:41
In the second sentence, we have, "I live in New Delhi." Okay? The subject is "I." The
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒ‡ใƒชใƒผใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ ใพใ™ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไธป่ชžใฏใ€Œ็งใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:47
verb is "live." There is no "be" verb. So, if there is no "be" verb in a simple present
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œ็”Ÿใใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œbeใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจๆ–‡ใซใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใชใ„
03:55
sentence, if you make a yes/no question, you need the auxiliary "do." Okay? So, the question
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€่ณชๅ•
04:03
is, "Do..." We say "do" because the subject is really "you." You're asking this to another
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹...ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ไธป่ชž ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไป–ใฎไบบใซๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:12
person. "Do you..." And again, always, we have "do" or "does" plus the subject, plus
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ใ€‚ "Do you..." ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅธธใซ ใ€"do" ใพใŸใฏ "does" ใจไธป่ชžใ€
04:22
the base verb. "Do you live in New Delhi?" Okay? Now, here, "Do you live in New Delhi?"
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒ‡ใƒชใƒผใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€Œใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒ‡ใƒชใƒผใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:38
Again, "do" or "does," the "do" verb, plus subject, plus the base verb. Always the base
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œdoesใ€ใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ ไธป่ชžใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅธธใซๅŸบๆœฌ
04:45
verb. Okay? Now, the yes/no answers, "Yes, I do. No, I don't." Okay, guys. So, it's very,
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใฎๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ
05:09
very important to remember this formula for yes/no simple present questions. You have
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ใ€ใ“ใฎๅผใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:16
"do" verb. Okay? Let's write this on the board. I'm going to write it here. "Do" or "does"
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ใ€Œdoใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ป’ๆฟใซๆ›ธใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ "do" ใพใŸใฏ "does"
05:26
depends on the subject, plus the subject, plus the base verb. Okay? So, please remember
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ใฏใ€ไธป่ชžใ€ไธป่ชžใ€ ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œbeใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅซใพใชใ„
05:43
this formula when making yes/no questions that don't have the "be" verb. Okay, guys.
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yes/no ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅผใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:49
If you want to test your knowledge on this grammar point, please check out the quiz on
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:54
www.engvid.com. Good luck, and take care.
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ใ€‚ ้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ใใ—ใฆๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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