English Grammar: Subject-Verb Agreement with EACH, EVERY, ANY, SOME

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2014-01-28 ใƒป English with Alex


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English Grammar: Subject-Verb Agreement with EACH, EVERY, ANY, SOME

339,234 views ใƒป 2014-01-28

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„
00:04
welcome to this lesson on subject/verb agreement.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธ€่‡ดใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:08
And today, we're going to look at subject/verb agreement as it relates to pronouns, such
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ไปฃๅ่ฉžใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ไธป่ชž/ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธ€่‡ดใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ
00:14
as: each one, anyone, someone, etc. Okay? Now, the most important thing to know about
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ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจ
00:22
these subjects -- and again, you have the whole list here. You have: each, everyone,
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใƒชใ‚นใƒˆๅ…จไฝ“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช
00:28
every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody. These are all singular subjects.
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ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็‰น็•ฐใชไธป้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
00:37
So even though you have a word like "someone" -- you see the word "some"; you think it's
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œsomeoneใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œsomeใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
00:42
plural -- focus on the "one", "some one", "some body". This means he or she, okay? So
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- ใ€Œไธ€ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ไฝ“ใ€ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ
00:50
if you have words like these -- pronouns like these as your subject, the verb you use must
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ˜่ชžใŒไธป่ชžใจใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉž
00:56
also match them. It must be a singular verb -- basically, a third person verb. Okay? So
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ใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใจไธ€่‡ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅ‹•่ฉžใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ - ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏไธ‰ไบบ็งฐๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ
01:03
they all require singular verbs. So here's what we're going to do. We're going
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:08
to look at some example sentences, and I want you to identify, No. 1, the pronouns that
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใŒใ€No. 1 ใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸไปฃๅ่ฉž
01:14
we have discussed, and No. 2, the verb and what form the verb is taking. Okay?
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ใจ No. 2 ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใจใใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฝขใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:21
So the first sentence says, "Each of the students is responsible." Okay. First, we identify
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œๅ„็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒ่ฒฌไปปใ‚’่ฒ ใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใพใšใ€
01:29
"each", okay? And we're talking about the students. Now, again, don't become confused
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ใ€Œใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ€ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:36
by the plural of "students". You're thinking, "Students are 'they', so we say 'students
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ใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿใ€ใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใซๆƒ‘ใ‚ใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€ใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„
01:41
are.'" The focus is on "each of the students", so this individual student, that individual
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ใพใ™ใ€‚็„ฆ็‚นใฏใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใ€ใใฎๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ
01:48
student, you as an individual student, he, she, he, she, he, she. So your verb must be
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ๅญฆ็”Ÿใ€ๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใจใ—ใฆใฎใ‚ใชใŸใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณ ใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅ˜ๆ•ฐใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
01:56
singular, which is why we say, "Each of the students is, not each of the students are,"
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œๅ„็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใใ†ใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ„็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
02:04
okay? The next one, "Everybody loves the Beatles!"
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ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชๅคงๅฅฝใใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บ๏ผใ€
02:09
This is an opinion, of course. Maybe you share it; maybe you don't. And here we have the
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“
02:16
subject, "everybody". And again, you're thinking as everybody as a group, but really, you're
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ใซใ€Œใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็š†ใ‚’ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใจใ—ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
02:22
talking, again, "every body" -- if you take the word apart, you have "every body", every
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ใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใฆใฎไฝ“ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅˆ†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใฆใฎไฝ“ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ
02:29
individual person loves. So the verb is not "love", but "loves". He loves. She loves.
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ๅ€‹ไบบใŒๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œๆ„›ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œๆ„›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใŒๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ€‚ ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:38
Okay? Next, "Do you know anyone who has a PS4?"
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฌกใซใ€ใ€ŒPS4ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:45
So you have "anyone". And again, "anyone" -- you're talking about individuals, okay,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€"anyone" -- ๅ€‹ไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃ
02:54
which is why we have the verb "has" and not "have". "Anyone who has." So again, we say
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใชใ‚‰่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
03:04
"he has" or "she has", not "he have" or "she have". Okay?
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ใ€Œhe hasใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œshe hasใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œhe hasใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œshe hasใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:11
The next sentence, "I haven't met anybody who thinks like you." So here, we have "anybody"
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ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€Œ่ชฐ
03:19
-- "I have not met anybody" -- and again, we don't say "who think like you". It's third
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ชฐใจใ‚‚ไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:26
person. It's singular. So the verb is "thinks". So "he thinks, "she thinks", and not "anybody"
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็ฌฌไธ‰่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ˜ๆ•ฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆ
03:35
as in, like, a collective group, but as an individual, okay?
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€้›†ๅ›ฃใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€Œ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ€‹ไบบใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
03:39
All right. The next two. These ones confuse people sometimes just because you see the
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๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆฌกใฎ2ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:46
word "some". And again, we know "some" has a plural meaning. However, look at the complete
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ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œsomeใ€ใซใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:52
word. It's "some one" or "some body". And again, think of "body" as an individual, okay?
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ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œsome oneใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œsome bodyใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œbodyใ€ใ‚’ๅ€‹ไบบใจใ—ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:00
So, "Someone needs to help us." So you have "someone", and the singular verb is "needs".
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ใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใŸใกใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€Œใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:09
"Someone needs", not "someone need". And finally, we have, "Somebody is waiting for you downstairs."
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ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ้šŽไธ‹ใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ "
04:18
So you're giving news to someone, and you're saying that they are waiting for you downstairs.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ้šŽไธ‹ใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
04:23
So we have "somebody". And again, here we have a present continuous sentence. However,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€"somebody" ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฎๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—
04:33
the first verb, the auxiliary verb, is the verb "to be" -- "is". We don't say "somebody
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ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉž , ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ "to be" -- "is" ใงใ™. "somebody are" ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎ
04:38
are" just because you see the word "some". We focus on the "body", basically, the individual,
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ใฏๅ˜ใซ "some" ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. "body" ใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™.
04:45
okay? Okay, guys. So again, be careful when you
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
04:50
see these words. Just always be aware. Basically, you're using the word "has". You're using
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ใ€Œhasใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:55
the verb "is" or "isn't" or "hasn't" if we're talking about "has". If you're using present
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ใ€Œhasใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œisใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œisn'tใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œhasn'tใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
05:02
simple sentences, you're adding the S, okay, at the ends of the verbs after these pronouns.
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไปฃๅ่ฉžใฎๅพŒใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆœซๅฐพใซ S, OK ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
05:09
So again, when you see: each, everyone, every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ€
05:16
or somebody, they all require a singular verb because they are all singular subjects.
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ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅ˜ๆ•ฐใฎไธป่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ™ในใฆๅ˜ๆ•ฐใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:25
And one quick point before I finish, the difference between "everyone" and "every one" -- "everyone"
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œๅ…จๅ“กใ€ใจใ€Œๅ…จๅ“กใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๅ…จๅ“กใ€
05:32
refers to the whole group, and "every one" refers to every individual, okay, as a separate
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ใฏใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใ€ใ€Œๅ…จๅ“กใ€ใฏๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ
05:40
entity, essentially. Okay, guys. If you would like to test your
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ๅ€‹ไบบใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:45
understanding of this material, as always, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ“ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€www.engvid.com ใงใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:50
Take care.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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