English Grammar: Subject-Verb Agreement with EACH, EVERY, ANY, SOME

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2014-01-28 ・ English with Alex


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English Grammar: Subject-Verb Agreement with EACH, EVERY, ANY, SOME

339,234 views ・ 2014-01-28

English with Alex


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
Hi, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ €λŠ” μ•Œλ ‰μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 클릭해 μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:04
welcome to this lesson on subject/verb agreement.
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주제/동사 μΌμΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°•μ˜μ— μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:08
And today, we're going to look at subject/verb agreement as it relates to pronouns, such
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그리고 μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ λŒ€λͺ…사와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ μ£Όμ–΄/동사 일치λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:14
as: each one, anyone, someone, etc. Okay? Now, the most important thing to know about
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: each one, someone, someone λ“±. μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ? 이제 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ£Όμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•  κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 사항은
00:22
these subjects -- and again, you have the whole list here. You have: each, everyone,
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-- λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 여기에 전체 λͺ©λ‘μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은: 각각, λͺ¨λ‘, λͺ¨λ‘,
00:28
every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody. These are all singular subjects.
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λͺ¨λ‘, λˆ„κ΅¬, λˆ„κ΅¬, λˆ„κ΅°κ°€, λˆ„κ΅°κ°€. 이듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ 단일 κ³Όλͺ©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
So even though you have a word like "someone" -- you see the word "some"; you think it's
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "someone"κ³Ό 같은 단어가 μžˆλ”λΌλ„ "some"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어가 ν‘œμ‹œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
plural -- focus on the "one", "some one", "some body". This means he or she, okay? So
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"ν•˜λ‚˜", "μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒ", "μ–΄λ–€ λͺΈ"에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ„Έμš”. 이것은 κ·Έ λ˜λŠ” κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ
00:50
if you have words like these -- pronouns like these as your subject, the verb you use must
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이와 같은 단어가 μžˆλŠ” 경우 -- 이와 같은 λŒ€λͺ…사λ₯Ό 주제둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 동사
00:56
also match them. It must be a singular verb -- basically, a third person verb. Okay? So
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도 이듀과 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사여야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 기본적으둜 3인칭 λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
01:03
they all require singular verbs. So here's what we're going to do. We're going
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그듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여기에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  일이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
to look at some example sentences, and I want you to identify, No. 1, the pronouns that
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λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  1λ²ˆμ€
01:14
we have discussed, and No. 2, the verb and what form the verb is taking. Okay?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ…Όμ˜ν•œ λŒ€λͺ…사, 2λ²ˆμ€ 동사와 동사가 μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
01:21
So the first sentence says, "Each of the students is responsible." Okay. First, we identify
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 첫 번째 λ¬Έμž₯은 "학생 κ°μžκ°€ μ±…μž„μ„ 진닀"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”. λ¨Όμ €
01:29
"each", okay? And we're talking about the students. Now, again, don't become confused
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"각각"을 μ‹λ³„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 학생듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 λ‹€μ‹œ
01:36
by the plural of "students". You're thinking, "Students are 'they', so we say 'students
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"학생"의 λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ— ν˜Όλ™ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. 당신은 "학생듀이 'κ·Έλ“€'이고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” '학생듀이'라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
are.'" The focus is on "each of the students", so this individual student, that individual
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"라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄ˆμ μ€ "각 학생"에 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ 이 κ°œλ³„ 학생, μ € κ°œλ³„
01:48
student, you as an individual student, he, she, he, she, he, she. So your verb must be
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학생, κ°œλ³„ ν•™μƒμœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ λ‹Ήμ‹ , κ·Έ, κ·Έλ…€ , κ·Έ, κ·Έλ…€, κ·Έ, κ·Έλ…€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:56
singular, which is why we say, "Each of the students is, not each of the students are,"
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "각각의 학생이 μ•„λ‹Œ 각 학생이"라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
okay? The next one, "Everybody loves the Beatles!"
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λ‹€μŒ 곑은 "λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ λΉ„ν‹€μ¦ˆλ₯Ό μ‚¬λž‘ν•΄!"
02:09
This is an opinion, of course. Maybe you share it; maybe you don't. And here we have the
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λ¬Όλ‘  이것은 μ˜κ²¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³΅μœ ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 여기에
02:16
subject, "everybody". And again, you're thinking as everybody as a group, but really, you're
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"λͺ¨λ‘"λΌλŠ” μ£Όμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 그룹으둜 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ”
02:22
talking, again, "every body" -- if you take the word apart, you have "every body", every
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"λͺ¨λ“  λͺΈ"을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 단어λ₯Ό λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜λ©΄ λͺ¨λ“  개인이 μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ” "λͺ¨λ“  λͺΈ"이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:29
individual person loves. So the verb is not "love", but "loves". He loves. She loves.
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "love"κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ "loves"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μ‚¬λž‘ν•œλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‚¬λž‘.
02:38
Okay? Next, "Do you know anyone who has a PS4?"
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μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ "PS4λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
02:45
So you have "anyone". And again, "anyone" -- you're talking about individuals, okay,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 "λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ, "λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜" -- 당신은 κ°œμΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
which is why we have the verb "has" and not "have". "Anyone who has." So again, we say
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이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ "have"κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ "has"λΌλŠ” 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒ." λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
03:04
"he has" or "she has", not "he have" or "she have". Okay?
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"he have"λ‚˜ "she have"κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ "he have"λ‚˜ "she have"라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”?
03:11
The next sentence, "I haven't met anybody who thinks like you." So here, we have "anybody"
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λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯은 "λ‚˜λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ²˜λŸΌ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ§Œλ‚œ 적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬κΈ° "아무도"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:19
-- "I have not met anybody" -- and again, we don't say "who think like you". It's third
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-- "아무도 λ§Œλ‚œ 적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€" -- 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ "λˆ„κ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ²˜λŸΌ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”μ§€"라고 λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 3
03:26
person. It's singular. So the verb is "thinks". So "he thinks, "she thinks", and not "anybody"
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μΈμΉ­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 λ‹¨μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "μƒκ°ν•˜λ‹€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "κ·ΈλŠ” μƒκ°ν•˜κ³ , "κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€"κ³ , 집합적인 그룹처럼 "아무도"κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
03:35
as in, like, a collective group, but as an individual, okay?
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κ°œμΈμœΌλ‘œμ„œ, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
03:39
All right. The next two. These ones confuse people sometimes just because you see the
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μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ 두 μ‚¬λžŒ. 이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ
03:46
word "some". And again, we know "some" has a plural meaning. However, look at the complete
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" some". 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ "some"이 볡수의 의미λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ™„μ „ν•œ
03:52
word. It's "some one" or "some body". And again, think of "body" as an individual, okay?
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단어λ₯Ό λ³΄μ„Έμš”. "some one" λ˜λŠ” "some body"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ "body"λ₯Ό κ°œλ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
04:00
So, "Someone needs to help us." So you have "someone", and the singular verb is "needs".
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, "λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 우리λ₯Ό 도와야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "λˆ„κ΅°κ°€"κ°€ 있고 λ‹¨μˆ˜ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
"Someone needs", not "someone need". And finally, we have, "Somebody is waiting for you downstairs."
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"λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€"κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ "λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€" 그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ "μ•„λž˜μΈ΅μ—μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 당신을 기닀리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "
04:18
So you're giving news to someone, and you're saying that they are waiting for you downstairs.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ μ†Œμ‹μ„ μ „ν•˜κ³  있고 그듀이 μ•„λž˜μΈ΅μ—μ„œ 당신을 기닀리고 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
So we have "somebody". And again, here we have a present continuous sentence. However,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "λˆ„κ΅°κ°€"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ 여기에 ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜• λ¬Έμž₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
04:33
the first verb, the auxiliary verb, is the verb "to be" -- "is". We don't say "somebody
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첫 번째 동사, 쑰동사 , λ™μ‚¬λŠ” "to be" -- "is"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "
04:38
are" just because you see the word "some". We focus on the "body", basically, the individual,
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some"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό 보고 "somebody are"라고 λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "λͺΈ", 기본적으둜 κ°œμΈμ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞μΆ₯λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ 
04:45
okay? Okay, guys. So again, be careful when you
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? μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
04:50
see these words. Just always be aware. Basically, you're using the word "has". You're using
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이 단어듀을 λ³Ό λ•Œ μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ•Œμ•„λ‘μ„Έμš”. 기본적으둜 "has"λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "has"에
04:55
the verb "is" or "isn't" or "hasn't" if we're talking about "has". If you're using present
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λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 경우 "is" λ˜λŠ” "isn't" λ˜λŠ” "hasn't" 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬
05:02
simple sentences, you're adding the S, okay, at the ends of the verbs after these pronouns.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 경우 이 λŒ€λͺ…사 λ’€μ˜ 동사 끝에 Sλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
So again, when you see: each, everyone, every one, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone,
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, each, everyone, every one, everyone, someone, someone, someone,
05:16
or somebody, they all require a singular verb because they are all singular subjects.
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someone은 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹¨μˆ˜ 주어이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹¨μˆ˜ 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
And one quick point before I finish, the difference between "everyone" and "every one" -- "everyone"
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끝내기 전에 ν•œ 가지 λΉ λ₯Έ 점은 "λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒ"κ³Ό "λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒ"의 μ°¨μ΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒ"은
05:32
refers to the whole group, and "every one" refers to every individual, okay, as a separate
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전체 그룹을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ³  "λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒ"은 λͺ¨λ“  κ°œμΈμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:40
entity, essentially. Okay, guys. If you would like to test your
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. μ’‹μ•„, μ–˜λ“€ μ•„.
05:45
understanding of this material, as always, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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이 μžλ£Œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ μ–Έμ œλ‚˜μ²˜λŸΌ www.engvid.comμ—μ„œ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
Take care.
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잘 μ§€λ‚΄μ„Έμš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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