5 Tenses = 90% of English

1,408,907 views ・ 2023-07-27

English with Lucy


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
- Hello, lovely students,
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- μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μ‚¬λž‘μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 학생 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„.
00:01
and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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Lucy와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λŒμ•„μ˜¨ 것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:02
I have got such an exciting video for you,
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00:06
because now there are various studies, various claims,
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 연ꡬ와 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ£Όμž₯이
00:10
but the general consensus
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 일반적인 ν•©μ˜λŠ”
00:11
is that 90% to up to 95% of all written and spoken English
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λͺ¨λ“  문어체 μ˜μ–΄μ™€ ꡬ어체 μ˜μ–΄μ˜ 90%μ—μ„œ μ΅œλŒ€ 95%κ°€
00:18
is done in just five grammar tenses.
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단 5개의 문법 μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§„λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
So what are we going to do today?
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μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 무엇을 ν•  κ±΄κ°€μš”?
00:22
We are going to go through those five grammar tenses
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
00:26
so that you can get that little bit closer to fluency.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μœ μ°½ν•¨μ— 쑰금 더 κ°€κΉŒμ›Œμ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ‹€μ„― 가지 문법 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
We're going to improve your grammar fluency and accuracy
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00:33
in the most efficient way possible.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ κ°€μž₯ 효율적인 λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 문법 μœ μ°½μ„±κ³Ό 정확성을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚¬ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹ 
00:36
To make your life even easier,
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의 삢을 더 μ‰½κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
00:38
I have created a free PDF for you to download.
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무료 PDFλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” ꡬ어체 및 문어체 μ˜μ–΄μ˜
00:40
It contains all of the information
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00:42
about these five grammar tenses
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00:45
that make up 90%, if not 95%, of spoken and written English.
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95%λŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆλ”λΌλ„ 90%λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€μ„― 가지 문법 μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  정보가 ν¬ν•¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:50
We look at them in greater detail with more examples,
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더 λ§Žμ€ 예제λ₯Ό 톡해 더 μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ 
00:53
and I've also included a quiz
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00:55
so you can test your understanding.
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이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ„ ν¬ν•¨ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
If you think that that will help you,
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그것이 도움이 될 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³ 
00:58
if you'd like to get your free copy,
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무료 사본을 λ°›κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
01:00
all you have to do is click
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01:01
on the link in the description box.
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μ„€λͺ… μƒμžμ— μžˆλŠ” 링크λ₯Ό ν΄λ¦­ν•˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
You enter your name and your email address.
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이름 κ³Ό 이메일 μ£Όμ†Œλ₯Ό μž…λ ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
You sign up to my mailing list,
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λ‚΄ 메일링 λ¦¬μŠ€νŠΈμ— κ°€μž…ν•˜λ©΄
01:07
and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
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PDFκ°€ 받은 νŽΈμ§€ν•¨μ— λ°”λ‘œ λ„μ°©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
After that, you will automatically receive
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κ·Έ ν›„
01:12
my free lesson PDFs every week,
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맀주 무료 κ°•μ˜ PDF와
01:14
plus all of my news, course information, and offers.
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λͺ¨λ“  λ‰΄μŠ€, μ½”μŠ€ 정보 및 μ œμ•ˆμ„ μžλ™μœΌλ‘œ λ°›κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
It's a free service and you can unsubscribe at any time.
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무료 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μ΄λ©° μ–Έμ œλ“ μ§€ ꡬ독을 μ·¨μ†Œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Okay, let's start this amazingly efficient grammar lesson
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μ’‹μ•„μš”,
01:23
by reviewing the English verb tenses.
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μ˜μ–΄ 동사 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό λ³΅μŠ΅ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ 효율적인 문법 μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
So technically there are only three tenses,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κΈ°μˆ μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ”
01:28
the present, the past, and the future,
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ν˜„μž¬, κ³Όκ±°, 미래의 μ„Έ 가지 μ‹œμ œλ§Œ
01:31
but we have four different aspects within these tenses.
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹œμ œμ—λŠ” λ„€ 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ 츑면이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
The simple, the continuous, the perfect simple,
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λ‹¨μˆœ, 연속, μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœ,
01:39
and the perfect continuous.
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μ™„μ „ 연속.
01:41
When we combine these four aspects
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이 λ„€ 가지 츑면을
01:43
with the three verb tenses,
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μ„Έ 가지 동사 μ‹œμ œμ™€ κ²°ν•©ν•˜λ©΄
01:45
we get what we typically refer to as the 12 verb tenses.
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일반적으둜 12 동사 μ‹œμ œλΌκ³  ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ–»κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
Some people like to include the conditionals in the tenses.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ‹œμ œμ— 쑰건문을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:54
I don't.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
01:55
You will hear some people say there are 16 tenses.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 16개의 μ‹œμ œκ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 듀을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
I like to set the conditionals apart.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 쑰건문을 λ”°λ‘œ μ„€μ •ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
Let's have a look at each one really quickly
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02:01
just to refresh our memories.
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우리의 기얡을 λ˜μ‚΄λ¦¬κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 정말 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ 각각을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:03
The present simple is used
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ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœμ€
02:05
for general truths, habits, and permanent situations.
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일반적인 진리, μŠ΅κ΄€ 및 영ꡬ적인 상황에 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
The present continuous is used for actions happening now
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ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€ μ§€κΈˆ λ˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μˆœκ°„μ— λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:13
or around the present moment.
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.
02:15
The present perfect is used for past actions
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£ŒλŠ” ν˜„μž¬μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ κ³Όκ±° 행동
02:17
with a connection to the present or for experiences.
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μ΄λ‚˜ κ²½ν—˜μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
And the present perfect continuous is used for actions
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그리고 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€
02:25
that started in the past and are ongoing up to the present.
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과거에 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬ ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ 진행 쀑인 λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
Now the pasts.
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이제 과거.
02:30
The past simple is used to talk
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœμ€
02:32
about completed actions in the past.
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과거에 μ™„λ£Œλœ 행동에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
The past continuous is used for actions
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κ³Όκ±° μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€
02:37
that were in progress at a specific time in the past.
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과거의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— 진행 μ€‘μ΄λ˜ λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
The past perfect is used for actions completed
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κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£ŒλŠ”
02:44
before a specific time in the past.
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과거의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ 이전에 μ™„λ£Œλœ μž‘μ—…μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
And the past perfect continuous is used
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그리고 κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€
02:49
for actions that started in the past, continued,
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과거에 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ–΄ κ³„μ†λ˜κ³ 
02:53
and were completed before another past event.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³Όκ±° 사건 이전에 μ™„λ£Œλœ λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Don't worry, we'll look at some of these in more detail.
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κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. 이 쀑 일뢀λ₯Ό 더 μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
And finally, the future.
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λ―Έλž˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
We have the future simple,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ―Έλž˜μ— 일어날 행동에 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 미래λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:01
used for actions that will happen in the future.
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.
03:04
The future continuous,
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03:05
used for actions that will be in progress
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03:08
at a specific time in the future.
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미래의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— 진행될 μž‘μ—…μ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 미래 μ§„ν–‰ν˜•.
03:11
The future perfect, used for actions that will be completed
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03:15
before a specific time in the future.
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미래의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ 이전에 μ™„λ£Œλ  μž‘μ—…μ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 미래 μ™„λ£Œ.
03:18
And the future perfect continuous,
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그리고 미래 μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€
03:21
used for actions that will start in the future, continue,
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λ―Έλž˜μ— μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬
03:25
and be completed before another future event.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 미래 사건 이전에 μ™„λ£Œλ  행동에 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
Okay, that's a lot of information to remember
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  정보가 많고 μ•„μ£Ό μ•„μ£Ό
03:33
and I covered it very, very briefly.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ λ‹€λ£¨μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
Don't worry, we're going to go deeper.
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κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 깊이 갈 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
I know a lot of English learners struggle
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μ €λŠ” λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ΄ 주어진 μƒν™©μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–€ 동사 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν• μ§€ κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 데 어렀움을 κ²ͺλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:39
with deciding which verb tense to use in a given situation.
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.
03:44
Well, lucky for you, not all verb tenses are created equal.
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음, λ‹€ν–‰μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œλ„ λͺ¨λ“  동사 μ‹œμ œκ°€ λ™μΌν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
Let's go ahead and look at this beautiful chart I made
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ
03:51
to see which are the five most commonly used verb tenses
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03:55
in both spoken and written English.
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ꡬ어체 μ˜μ–΄μ™€ 문어체 μ˜μ–΄ λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 일반적으둜 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” λ‹€μ„― 가지 동사 μ‹œμ œκ°€ 무엇인지 μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ œκ°€ λ§Œλ“  이 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 차트λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
By the way, if you're curious about the numbers,
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κ·Έλ‚˜μ €λ‚˜ μˆ«μžκ°€ κΆκΈˆν•˜μ‹œλ‹€λ©΄
04:00
I've added links to various studies on verb tense frequency.
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동사 μ‹œμ œ λΉˆλ„μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 연ꡬ 링크λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•΄ λ‘μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
You can find those in the description box.
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μ„€λͺ… μƒμžμ—μ„œ 찾을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
Okay, time for the big reveal.
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자, 큰 폭둜λ₯Ό ν•  μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ“  μ˜μ–΄ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ˜ 거의 60%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ”
04:07
Our most common verb tense,
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우리의 κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 동사 μ‹œμ œλŠ”
04:09
making up nearly 60% of all English communication is,
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04:13
drum roll, the present simple.
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λ“œλŸΌ λ‘€(drum roll)이며 ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
We then have that followed
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그런 λ‹€μŒ
04:17
by the past simple at close to 20%.
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20%에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœμ΄ λ’€λ”°λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
Then the future simple at around 8%.
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그러면 λ―Έλž˜λŠ” μ•½ 8%둜 λ‹¨μˆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
So that's three tenses making nearly 88%
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λ”°λΌμ„œ νŠΉμ • 연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ 전체 μ‚¬μš©μ˜ 거의 88%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ” μ„Έ 가지 μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:28
of the entire usage, according to certain studies.
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.
04:30
Then we have the present perfect simple at around 6%
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그런 λ‹€μŒ μ•½ 6%의 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœ
04:34
and present continuous at 5%.
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κ³Ό 5%의 ν˜„μž¬ 진행이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
And then we have this tiny sliver of pie
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그리고
04:39
that contains the other seven verb tenses.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 7개의 동사 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” 이 μž‘μ€ 파이 쑰각이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
Now, if you're good at maths,
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자, 당신이 μˆ˜ν•™μ„ μž˜ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄
04:43
you'll notice that's 99% for all of those tenses.
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99%λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:47
In the title I say 90%
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제λͺ©μ—μ„œ 90%라고 λ§ν•œ
04:48
because I don't 100% trust those numbers.
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μ΄μœ λŠ” κ·Έ 숫자λ₯Ό 100% μ‹ λ’°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
But don't let this chart fool you.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ°¨νŠΈμ— 속지 λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
04:53
Each and every verb tense has its time and place,
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각각의 λͺ¨λ“  동사 μ‹œμ œμ—λŠ” μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μž₯μ†Œκ°€
04:55
but for general day-to-day conversations,
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 일반적인 일상 λŒ€ν™”μ—μ„œλŠ”
04:58
these five are going to be your bread and butter.
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이 λ‹€μ„― 가지가 λΉ΅κ³Ό 버터가 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
So let's go ahead and see how you can start using
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ
05:02
each of these tenses to the best of your ability.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 각 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ΅œμ„ μ„ λ‹€ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
As you just learned, the present simple makes up
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방금 배운 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬λŠ”
05:07
a large portion of daily communication
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일상적인 μ˜μ‚¬ μ†Œν†΅μ˜ λ§Žμ€ 뢀뢄을 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
05:10
and rightfully so, we live in the present after all.
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ λ‹¨μˆœμ˜
05:12
Let's look at some of the most common uses
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κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 μš©λ„ 쀑 일뢀λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:14
of the present simple.
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.
05:16
Firstly, we use it to talk about facts and statements
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첫째, 항상 사싀인 사싀과 μ§„μˆ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:18
that are always true.
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.
05:20
Most people prefer to shop online.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 온라인 쇼핑을 μ„ ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Or, the supermarket is busy on Saturday mornings.
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λ˜λŠ” μŠˆνΌλ§ˆμΌ“μ€ ν† μš”μΌ 아침에 λ°”μ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
We also use it for statements that are true in the present.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ ν˜„μž¬μ— 참인 μ§„μˆ μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:30
You are my best friend, Jasmine.
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당신은 λ‚˜μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μΉœν•œ 친ꡬ, Jasmineμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:32
Or, I can't bake to save my life. Look at this cake.
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λ˜λŠ” λ‚΄ 생λͺ…을 κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 빡을 ꡬ울 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 이 케이크λ₯Ό λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
05:36
You can just show a really rubbish cake.
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정말 μ“°λ ˆκΈ° 케이크λ₯Ό 보여쀄 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
And we also use it for routine actions
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λ˜ν•œ ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 일상적인 ν–‰λ™μ΄λ‚˜ μŠ΅κ΄€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°
05:41
or habits in the present,
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05:43
often used with an adverb of frequency.
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μ’…μ’… λΉˆλ„ 뢀사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:45
Do you always bike to work?
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항상 μžμ „κ±°λ₯Ό 타고 μΆœκ·Όν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
05:47
Or, I never see her in yoga class these days.
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λ˜λŠ” μš”μ¦˜ μš”κ°€ μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:50
We use it to refer to scheduled events in the future.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ―Έλž˜μ— μ˜ˆμ •λœ 이벀트λ₯Ό μ°Έμ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
Carmine's holiday officially starts on the 5th of October.
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Carmine의 νœ΄μΌμ€ κ³΅μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 10μ›” 5일에 μ‹œμž‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
Or, my stag do kicks off at 10:00 PM at Boots and Brews.
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λ˜λŠ” λ‚΄ μ‚¬μŠ΄μ€ μ˜€ν›„ 10μ‹œμ— Boots and Brewsμ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
And the last one I'll mention today,
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그리고 였늘 μ œκ°€ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•  λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 것은 λ°©ν–₯μ΄λ‚˜ 지침을
06:02
we use it to give directions or instructions.
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μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
06:06
Mix the flour and water together to create a thick paste.
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밀가루와 물을 μ„žμ–΄ κ±Έμ­‰ν•œ 페이슀트λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
Or, to get to the bookshop,
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λ˜λŠ” μ„œμ μ— κ°€λ €λ©΄
06:11
walk down to the corner and take a left.
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λͺ¨ν‰μ΄κΉŒμ§€ κ±Έμ–΄κ°€μ„œ μ™Όμͺ½μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
06:14
As you can probably tell from our examples,
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우리의 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ“―μ΄
06:16
these kinds of statements and questions
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ§„μˆ κ³Ό μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 우리 일상 λŒ€ν™”
06:18
make up a large portion of our daily conversations,
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의 λ§Žμ€ 뢀뢄을 μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
06:20
so it's no wonder why the present simple topped our list.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ ν˜„μž¬κ°€ 우리 λͺ©λ‘μ˜ 1μœ„λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ” λ‹Ήμ—°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
Next up, we have the past simple.
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ κ³Όκ±°λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
Of course, this is the second most used verb tense
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λ¬Όλ‘  이것은 과거에 μ™„λ£Œλœ λ™μž‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 두 번째둜 많이 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 동사 μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:29
because we use it to talk
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06:30
about completed actions in the past.
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.
06:33
And we sure do love to talk about the past.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 과거에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
Look at a news article or pick up your favourite book.
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λ‰΄μŠ€ 기사λ₯Ό λ³΄κ±°λ‚˜ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” 책을 μ„ νƒν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
06:38
Most of them rely heavily on the past simple tense.
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κ·Έλ“€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ— 크게 μ˜μ‘΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
Let's go ahead and look at some uses
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 이
06:44
of this very versatile tense.
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맀우 λ‹€μž¬λ‹€λŠ₯ν•œ μ‹œμ œμ˜ μš©λ‘€λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
It's commonly used to describe actions
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일반적으둜 과거의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— λ°œμƒν•œ μž‘μ—…μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:48
that occurred at a specific time in the past.
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.
06:51
I visited Greece last summer with my girlfriend.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ§€λ‚œ 여름에 μ—¬μž μΉœκ΅¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ 그리슀λ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:54
It's also used to narrate a series of past events.
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λ˜ν•œ 일련의 κ³Όκ±° 사건을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
Yolanda woke up, brushed her teeth,
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YolandaλŠ” μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ 이λ₯Ό 닦고
06:59
and headed off to the office.
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μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€λ‘œ ν–₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
It's used to express habitual
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07:03
or repeated actions in the past.
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과거의 μŠ΅κ΄€μ μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ 반볡적인 행동을 ν‘œν˜„ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
Every morning, Ben watered his plants and fed his dog.
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맀일 μ•„μΉ¨ Ben은 식물에 물을 μ£Όκ³  κ°œμ—κ²Œ 먹이λ₯Ό μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:09
And number four,
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그리고 λ„·μ§Έ,
07:10
it's used to discuss past states or conditions.
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과거의 μƒνƒœ λ‚˜ 상황을 λ…Όν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
We were so tired after our long hike yesterday.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄μ œ κΈ΄ ν•˜μ΄ν‚Ήμ„ 마치고 λ„ˆλ¬΄ ν”Όκ³€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
07:18
Alright, next up we have the future simple tense.
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자, λ‹€μŒμ€ 미래 λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:21
Let's start with spontaneous decisions.
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자발적인 κ²°μ •λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
07:23
For example, I'm pretty hungry. I will order some food.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, λ‚˜λŠ” λ°°κ°€ κ³ ν”„λ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” μŒμ‹μ„ μ£Όλ¬Έν•  것이닀.
07:27
Predictions.
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예츑.
07:28
The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.
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μΌκΈ°μ˜ˆλ³΄μ—μ„œ 내일 λΉ„κ°€ μ˜¨λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
Promises.
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약속.
07:32
I will get to the office 20 minutes early
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λ‚˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ€€λΉ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 20λΆ„ 일찍 사무싀에 도착할 것이닀
07:34
to get everything set up.
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.
07:36
Offers.
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μ œμ•ˆ. ν•„μš”ν•œ 경우
07:37
Mom will be happy to help you with your project
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μ—„λ§ˆκ°€ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό 기꺼이 λ„μ™€λ“œλ¦΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:39
if you need it.
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.
07:40
And requests.
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그리고 μš”μ²­ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
Will you pass me the salt?
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μ†ŒκΈˆ μ’€ κ±΄λ„€μ€„λž˜?
07:44
Got it?
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μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄μš”?
07:45
Good, because it's time to move on from the future simple
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœ λ―Έλž˜μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜
07:48
and talk about the present perfect simple.
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λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
Don't let its long and slightly confusing name fool you.
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κΈΈκ³  μ•½κ°„ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 이름에 속지 λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
07:53
It's actually quite an easy tense to master.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•˜κΈ° 맀우 μ‰¬μš΄ μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
We use it to talk about unfinished states or actions
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λ―Έμ™„μ„± μƒνƒœλ‚˜
07:59
that started in the past.
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과거에 μ‹œμž‘λœ 행동에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:00
He's been in his new position for about two weeks.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ•½ 2μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μœ„μΉ˜μ— μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬μ™€ β€‹β€‹κ΄€λ ¨λœ
08:04
We use it to talk about completed actions
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μ™„λ£Œλœ 행동에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:06
with relevance to the present.
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.
08:09
My dad has just pulled up to the house.
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μ•„λΉ κ°€ 방금 집에 μ°¨λ₯Ό μ„Έμ› μ–΄μš”.
08:12
We use it for life events and experiences.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚Άμ˜ 사건과 κ²½ν—˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
They have travelled around Asia and most of Europe.
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그듀은 μ•„μ‹œμ•„μ™€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μœ λŸ½μ„ μ—¬ν–‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
And we use it for actions or events
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그리고 κ³Όκ±° λΆˆνŠΉμ • μ‹œμ μ˜ ν–‰λ™μ΄λ‚˜ 사건에 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:21
at an unspecified time in the past.
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.
08:23
Yeah, we've tried that recipe. See, not so bad.
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예, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ ˆμ‹œν”Όλ₯Ό μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ‚˜μ˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
Now let's move on to our last verb tense of the day
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이제 였늘의 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 동사 μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ΄λ™ν•˜μ—¬
08:30
so you can get out there
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λ‚˜κ°€μ„œ
08:31
and start showing off your grammar skills.
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문법 μ‹€λ ₯을 뽐낼 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
The present continuous.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•. μ§€κΈˆ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”
08:35
We use it to talk about a few different situations,
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08:38
like describing things happening right now.
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일을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 것과 같이 λͺ‡ 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ 상황에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:41
Debra is whipping up some delicious banana pancakes.
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λ°λΈŒλΌκ°€ λ§›μžˆλŠ” λ°”λ‚˜λ‚˜ νŒ¬μΌ€μ΄ν¬λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ΅¬μ μ΄μ§€ μ•Šμ€ ν™œλ™μ—
08:45
We use it to talk about activities that are not permanent.
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λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:49
I'm giving this workout plan a shot for a month
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λ‚˜λŠ” 이 μš΄λ™ κ³„νšμ„ ν•œ 달 λ™μ•ˆ μ‹œλ„ν•˜μ—¬
08:52
to see how it makes me feel.
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λ‚΄ 기뢄이 어떀지 ν™•μΈν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ―Έλž˜μ— 일어날
08:53
We use it for discussing plans or events
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κ³„νšμ΄λ‚˜ 사건을 λ…Όμ˜ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:56
that will happen in the future.
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.
08:58
Mark isn't going to that conference next month.
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MarkλŠ” λ‹€μŒ 달에 κ·Έ νšŒμ˜μ— 가지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:00
He changed his mind.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ„ λ°”κΏ¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ—
09:02
We use it for actions happening around a specific time.
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λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:05
I'm working this morning, but I'll be free this afternoon.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 였늘 아침에 μΌν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 였늘 μ˜€ν›„μ— μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
And we use it for describing things
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그리고 μ μ§„μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν™”ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ κ°œμ„ λ˜λŠ” 것을 μ„€λͺ…ν•  λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:11
that are gradually changing or improving.
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.
09:14
The city is slowly becoming more eco-friendly
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이 λ„μ‹œλŠ”
09:17
with new recycling programmes and bike lanes.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μž¬ν™œμš© ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨κ³Ό μžμ „κ±° λ„λ‘œλ₯Ό 톡해 μ„œμ„œνžˆ ν™˜κ²½ μΉœν™”μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€λͺ¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:20
Right, that about does it for me.
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λ§žμ•„μš”.
09:22
As I said before,
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전에 λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄
09:23
if you want to know a little bit more information,
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09:25
more information about the structure, negatives, questions,
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ꡬ쑰, λ„€κ±°ν‹°λΈŒ, μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό 쑰금 더 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
09:29
download the PDF.
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PDFλ₯Ό λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
09:30
All of the information is there
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09:31
with more examples and a quiz to test your understanding.
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더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜ˆμ œμ™€ 이해도λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ν€΄μ¦ˆμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ λͺ¨λ“  정보가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
It's a really good grammar tenses test.
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정말 쒋은 문법 μ‹œμ œ μ‹œν—˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
In this PDF, I also talk about the structure
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이 PDFμ—μ„œλŠ”
09:40
and formation of these tenses.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹œμ œμ˜ ꡬ쑰와 ν˜•μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
So if you want to practise that, make sure you download it.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:44
I really hope you enjoyed today's lesson.
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였늘 μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ μ¦κ±°μš°μ…¨κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
I hope you learned something.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό λ°°μ› κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:48
If you want to take your English really seriously,
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μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό 정말 μ§„μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
09:50
we have launched our amazing level programmes in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ†€λΌμš΄ 레벨 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:54
We have our B1, B2, and C1 programmes.
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B1, B2, C1 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:59
And if I do say so myself, and I'm incredibly biassed,
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그리고 λ‚΄κ°€ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, 그리고 λ‚˜λŠ” 믿을 수 없을 μ •λ„λ‘œ 편파적
10:02
but I say it wholeheartedly, they are amazing.
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 그듀은 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:05
We have had the most incredible feedback.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ°€μž₯ λ†€λΌμš΄ ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ„ λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
You can visit englishwithlucy.com
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Englishwithlucy.com을 λ°©λ¬Έν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
10:09
or visit the links in the description box.
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μ„€λͺ… μƒμžμ— μžˆλŠ” 링크λ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
I will see you soon for another lesson. Bye.
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곧 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ°•μ˜λ‘œ μ°Ύμ•„λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ•ˆλ…•.
10:14
(upbeat music)
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(κ²½μΎŒν•œ μŒμ•…)

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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