Fix your grammar: IS or ARE - Common Mistakes & Grammar Rules

328,839 views ใƒป 2024-01-04

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello lovely students and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. Lucy์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
In today's video, I'm going to talk about when to use is and when to use are and
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
this might seem very simple on the surface but you might be surprised by
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:17
some of the ways we use these words and the mistakes that English speakers make
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์— ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
with them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜.
00:24
Should it be there is a lot of people or
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
00:26
there are a lot of people?
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:28
Should it be either day are fine or
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
00:30
either day is fine?
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚ ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:32
We're going to go all through this today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
Now of course before we get started I want to remind you that there is a
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:37
beautiful PDF to go with this video.
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด PDF๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
It contains the full lesson summary,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ฐ•์˜ ์š”์•ฝ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
00:42
we've simplified it into note form for you to make it really easy to revise from
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๋…ธํŠธ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
and of course, I've written you a quiz so you can test your understanding.
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. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋„๋ฅผ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
If you'd like to download that just click on the link in the description box, enter
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๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ณ 
00:55
your name and your email address, you sign up to my mailing list and the PDF
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์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด PDF๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€
01:00
will arrive directly in your inbox.
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ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์ง์ ‘ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
After that, you will automatically receive
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๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š”
01:04
all of my free weekly lesson PDFs plus my news, course updates and offers.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์™€ ๋‰ด์Šค, ์ฝ”์Šค ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋ฐ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
It's a free service and you can unsubscribe at any time.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
Right, let's get started with the lesson.
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์ž, ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:18
Well the simplest explanation of these words is that they are both present
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค
01:23
simple forms of the verb to be.
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be ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜• ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
He, she, it, is, you, we, they, are.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
The dog is on the sofa.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์†ŒํŒŒ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:34
The dogs are in the garden.
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๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด ์ •์›์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:37
So far, so simple, right?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ฐธ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ ?
01:39
Well, let's talk about collective nouns.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:42
With collective nouns and these are nouns that can refer to groups of people or
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์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ง€์นญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:47
things it does get a little bit more complicated.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
In British English, you can usually use is or are with collective
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ is ๋˜๋Š” are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:56
nouns depending on how you think of the group.
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.
02:01
If you think of them as many individuals,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:05
use are.
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are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:06
If you think of the group as one entity
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๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ค์ฒด
02:10
or one idea, use is.
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๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:13
Basically what I'm saying is in British
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตญ์‹
02:16
English you can't really go too wrong whether you use is or are.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” is๋‚˜ are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:22
Some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ.
02:23
The government are working on new policies.
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
In this case, I'm thinking of each individual member.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฉค๋ฒ„ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:32
Another example.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ.
02:34
Our team is playing well today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
In that case, I'm thinking of the team as a collective force, as one entity.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ํŒ€์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ํž˜, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ค์ฒด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
However, in American English, people usually prefer is.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ is๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
The government is.
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Our team is.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
There are some exceptions to this rule though.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์—๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด
02:56
We always use are after the police in
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์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ are after the Police๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:00
British and American English.
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.
03:03
The police are investigating a serious crime.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
And when collective nouns are followed by another plural noun we always use are.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
My family are farmers.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ๋†๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
The committee are artists.
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์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด๋‹ค.
03:19
One thing I want to say now though is that native speakers make mistakes with
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด
03:23
is or are or is and are all the time.
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is, are, is ๋ฐ are๋กœ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
I do it myself and I'm sure I've done it
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง์ ‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:28
in videos.
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๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
In fact, people have probably pointed it out.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
I'm giving you the rules so you're equipped with them.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๋„๋ก ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:33
But no one's going to misunderstand you if you use is instead of are.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ are ๋Œ€์‹  is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์˜คํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:37
Don't worry about it.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:38
Don't let very strict grammar rules stand
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๋งค์šฐ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์ด
03:41
in the way of your confidence.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋‘์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:42
Let's move on to some confusing sentences.
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ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
English learners can sometimes get confused by nouns that end in -s.
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์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ -s๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๊ฒช์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
These are often diseases or school subjects like measles, mumps, physics and
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์ด๋Š” ํ™์—ญ, ๋ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™, ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:58
maths.
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.
03:59
Diseases.
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์งˆ๋ณ‘.
04:00
School subjects.
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ํ•™๊ต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ.
04:01
Some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ.
04:03
Measles is a nasty disease.
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ํ™์—ญ์€ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Maths is pretty tricky.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๊ฝค ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Now note that we say maths, short for
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:11
mathematics in British English.
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™(math)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
In American English, they tend to say math.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
No -S on the end.
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๋์— -S๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
So confusing is and are with math.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
Math, in American English, doesn't roll off my tongue is not as big a problem.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด ์ž…์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
It's a bigger problem in British English because we say maths.
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
So it tricks you into thinking it's a plural.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Okay.
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04:32
So continuing with our confusing sentences, I want to touch on compound subjects.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And this is when a sentence has more than one noun or pronoun as the subject.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
When these nouns are joined by and, they are followed by are.
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์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด and๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— are๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
04:49
It's easier to understand if I show you an example.
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๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:52
Rita and Ross are living in Kent at the moment.
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Rita์™€ Ross๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ Kent์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
So because the two nouns Rita and Ross
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋ช…์‚ฌ Rita์™€ Ross๊ฐ€
04:59
are joined by and we use are.
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๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Rita and Ross are living in Kent at the moment.
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Rita์™€ Ross๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ Kent์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
However, if the subjects are joined by or, the verb to be must match the last subject.
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๋‹จ, ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ or๋กœ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ to be๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Always remember it's the last.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:16
Rita or Ross is working from home-
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Rita๋‚˜ Ross๋Š” ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
I can't remember who.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
Can you see the difference?
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
05:21
Rita and Ross are.
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๋ฆฌํƒ€์™€ ๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:23
Rita or Ross is.
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๋ฆฌํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€์š”.
05:25
We're referring to the last noun, Ross.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ Ross๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
So it's is.
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05:29
Another one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ.
05:30
We have the Joneses or the Smiths are my
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” Joneses๋‚˜ Smiths๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
05:34
closest neighbours.
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๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ด์›ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
We're using are here because we're
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
05:39
matching it with the last noun, the Smiths.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ the Smiths์™€ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
Okay.
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05:42
Now I want to look at one that I will admit I struggle with sometimes.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž… ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ
05:46
It doesn't come to my head before it comes out of my mouth.
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์ „์—๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค .
05:50
There is and there are.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Again, it seems simple.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
There is + a singular or uncountable noun.
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+ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
There are + a plural noun.
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+ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
There is a cat sitting under my car.
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๋‚ด ์ฐจ ๋ฐ‘์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:07
Singular noun.
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋ช…์‚ฌ.
06:09
Let's try it with an uncountable.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:11
There is some sugar in the cupboard.
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์ฐฌ์žฅ์— ์„คํƒ•์ด ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:13
An uncountable noun.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ.
06:14
Sugar.
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์„คํƒ•.
06:15
And a plural.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•.
06:16
There are four golden retrievers in the park.
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๊ณต์›์—๋Š” ๊ณจ๋“  ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ ๋„ค ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Heaven.
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06:21
They're my favourite dogs.
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์ฒœ๊ตญ.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋“ค์ด์—์š”.
06:22
Now we often use contractions with there is.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” there is์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
There's.
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
There's.
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06:28
When you have a list of things beginning
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ
์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชฉ๋ก
06:30
with there, use is if the first thing in the list is singular and use are if the
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์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
06:39
first thing in the list is plural.
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๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
This is the rule according to most, but
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์ด๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€๋Š”
06:46
not all, most modern course books and common usage.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
06:51
There are apples, pears and a huge pumpkin for sale here.
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์‚ฌ๊ณผ, ๋ฐฐ, ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜ธ๋ฐ•์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
The first item in the list is a plural noun.
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๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
So we use are.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
There are apples.
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์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
It doesn't matter about the rest.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
Let's try a singular noun coming first.
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๋จผ์ € ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๊ธฐ์—
07:07
There is a fast-food place and two
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ํŒจ์ŠคํŠธํ‘ธ๋“œ์ ๊ณผ
07:11
sandwich shops over there.
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์ƒŒ๋“œ์œ„์น˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:13
In informal speech, we often use there is
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๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š”
07:16
before plural nouns.
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— There๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
I do this and it's often because I'm
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
07:20
speaking before I've properly thought my sentence through.
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๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์ „์— ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:24
Don't buy apples.
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์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
07:25
There's apples in the fridge.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:27
That is something you'll find me saying.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
07:28
Do not do this in an exam or in formal
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์‹œํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ž‘๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
07:31
writing, but be aware that it's common.
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:34
Some more examples.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
There's a lot of people coming tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์˜ค๋„ค์š”.
07:37
There's a lot of people here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
There's a lot of people coming tonight.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์˜ค๋„ค์š”.
07:40
Or there's five students waiting to talk
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 5๋ช…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์ด
07:43
to the teacher.
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07:43
Is it super correct grammar?
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:45
No.
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์•„๋‡จ.
07:46
Is it something you're going to hear?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:48
Probably.
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์•„๋งˆ.
07:49
Now let's talk about body and one.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชธ๊ณผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:51
This sounds like a new yoga studio, doesn't it?
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์š”๊ฐ€ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค ๊ฐ™์ฃ  ?
07:53
Body and one.
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๋ณธ์ฒด์™€ ํ•˜๋‚˜.
07:54
Sorry, I got distracted.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
After indefinite pronouns like everybody, everyone or anybody and anyone, you
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š”
08:03
should use is.
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is๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Everybody is going to help pack up the house.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์„ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Is anyone hungry yet?
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์•„์ง ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์—†๋‚˜์š”?
08:11
What about either and neither or either
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์™€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜
08:15
and neither?
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์™€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:16
Spoiler, we use both pronunciations.
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์Šคํฌ์ผ๋Ÿฌ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Either, neither, either, neither.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜.
08:21
Just pick the one you prefer.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:22
Will, what would you say?
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์œŒ, ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์ค„๋ž˜?
08:23
Either and neither or either and neither?
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์™€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์™€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค?
08:26
Either and neither.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Would you be either and neither?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:28
See? I either, neither sometimes.
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๋ณด๋‹ค? ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋”๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
Generally when used as determiners,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
08:32
either and neither should be followed by a singular noun and then by is.
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either ๋ฐ also ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” is๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Either restaurant is fine -
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์–ด๋Š ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์ด๋“  ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
just make up your mind.
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‘
08:41
Neither team is playing very well.
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ํŒ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
Either/or and neither/nor can be followed
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Each/or ๋ฐ nor/nor ๋’ค์—๋Š”
08:46
by singular or plural nouns.
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Use is when the subjects are singular.
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
When the subjects are plural, use are.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Neither Diego nor Alfonso is happy when
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๋””์—๊ณ ๋„ ์•Œํฐ์†Œ๋„ ๋ฐ–์ด ๋”์šธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:59
it's hot outside.
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.
09:00
Either Gran or Grandpa is coming to watch
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋‚˜ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต ์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:03
the school play.
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.
09:04
Neither the cakes nor the biscuits are
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์ผ€์ดํฌ๋„ ๋น„์Šคํ‚ท๋„
09:08
very tasty.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ง›์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
09:09
In informal language, especially in
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๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์–ธ์–ด, ํŠนํžˆ
09:11
British English, you will hear some people use are with singular subjects.
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์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Neither my mum nor my dad are coming to watch the school play.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—„๋งˆ๋„ ์•„๋น ๋„ ํ•™๊ต ์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
09:20
In fact, that's something I think I would say myself.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Again, it's like with using thereยดs before plural nouns.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— There's๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:28
Don't do this in an exam or a formal context.
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์‹œํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:32
Now, let's talk about either of and
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์ด์ œ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์™€
09:35
neither of.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
I'm now totally overthinking how I
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:38
pronounce these words.
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.
09:39
I just say both.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
These phrases are usually followed by a determiner + a plural noun or a pronoun.
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์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ + ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
After the phrase either of and neither of, you can use is or are.
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also of์™€ nor of ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋’ค์—๋Š” is ๋˜๋Š” are๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜
09:51
Neither of them is capable of fixing the fault.
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์ค‘ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
Neither of the referees are very good at their job.
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์‹ฌํŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
Okay, that was a lot of information, and I know grammar is particularly tiring, so
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ํŠนํžˆ ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ž‘์€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ
10:03
I think we should finish the lesson with a little quiz.
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๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š” .
10:06
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
10:07
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:09
There are five questions in total, and I will give you five seconds to think.
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์ด 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
Number one, physics ___ a fascinating subject, but unfortunately, I had a bad teacher.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์€ ___ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
What do you think?
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10:22
Is or are?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:29
Is, Physics is.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
Just like maths.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
10:34
Number two, the cats and dogs in the
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋™๋„ค ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์€
10:37
neighbourhood ___ always playful and friendly with each other.
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___ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žฅ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ์นœ๊ทผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
10:44
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:51
It's are.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
The cats and dogs are.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
Number three, either day ___ fine for me, be
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ํ† ์š”์ผ์ด๋“  ์ผ์š”์ผ์ด๋“  ___ ๋‚ ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:00
it Saturday or Sunday.
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.
11:02
That's quite advanced at the end.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
11:04
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:11
It's is.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Either day is fine for me.
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚ ์ด๋“  ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
Okay, next one.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค์Œ์ด์—์š”.
11:17
My family ___ planning on coming to stay with me next weekend.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ___ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋‚ผ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:31
Okay, this was a trick one.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฑด ํŠธ๋ฆญ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
It can be is or are in British English, but it tends just to be is in American English.
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” is ๋˜๋Š” are์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” is๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
And finally, there ___ various spices, herbs, and a selection of exotic teas at
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ ์‹œ์žฅ์—๋Š” ___ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–ฅ์‹ ๋ฃŒ, ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด๊ตญ์ ์ธ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:48
the local bazaar.
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.
11:49
Is or are?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:56
Are.
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์ด๋‹ค.
11:57
We look at the first in the list.
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๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Various spices, plural, so it's are.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–ฅ์‹ ๋ฃŒ, ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
There are various spices and the rest.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ–ฅ์‹ ๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
Okay, how did you do?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์ž˜ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์–ด? ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜
12:06
Share your score out of five in the
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์—์„œ 5์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”
12:08
comment section.
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.
12:09
I want to know if this lesson has worked.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
If you've actually learnt the difference between is and are.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ is์™€ is์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
12:15
Don't worry if you find it difficult.
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์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:16
That's why we've created the free PDF, so
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค์˜
12:19
you can review and revise all of the information in the video and try another
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ • ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
12:23
quiz to test your knowledge.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์‹์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
The link for that is in the description
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งํฌ๋Š”
12:27
box as always.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
I really hope you've enjoyed today's lesson.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ •๋ง ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
If you like the way I teach and plan my videos and materials, you will love my
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์™€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ
12:37
English courses.
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์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋„ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Visit englishwithlucy.com.
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englishwithlucy.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:39
We've launched our B1, B2 and C1 programmes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” B1, B2 ๋ฐ C1 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
And if I do say so myself, they're really good.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
The students love them.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Look at all the lovely things they've had
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
12:50
to say about them.
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.
12:51
Yes, super proud of these courses and
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๋„ค, ์ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ 
12:53
very excited for you to try them.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
Right, I will see you soon in another video.
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๋„ค, ์กฐ๋งŒ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐพ์•„๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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