IELTS Speaking - Better Connectors, Better Fluency

2,036,481 views ใƒป 2020-03-28

English Speaking Success


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
- When you're answering IELTS speaking questions,
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- IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ๋•Œ
00:03
do you sometimes ramble, go 'round in circles, get lost?
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๊ฐ€๋” ํ—ค๋งค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น™๊ธ€๋น™๊ธ€ ๋Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธธ์„ ์žƒ๋‚˜์š”?
00:08
- [Smartphone] Turn right onto Calle Alonso.
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- [์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ] Calle Alonso ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐํšŒ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
- Hmm?
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- ํ ?
00:11
Or even forget the question?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์žŠ์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:14
- So yeah, I think that, I forgot the question, actually.
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- ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด.
00:17
- If you do, it's bringing your fluency score down.
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- ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
But don't worry, you're not alone.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
It happens to many people.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
And in this video, I'm going to show you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์ค„
00:28
some natural and advanced fillers and connectors
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์ธ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ์™€ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:32
that will up your fluency level.
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.
00:34
(upbeat rock music)
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(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ๋ก ์Œ์•…)
00:39
Hi, my name is Keith.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Keith์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
If you don't know me,
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:41
I run the website IELTS Speaking Success,
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์ €๋Š” IELTS Speaking Success ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
00:45
trying to give you better English, better answers,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์˜์–ด, ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ณต
00:48
and get a higher score on IELTS Speaking.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  IELTS Speaking์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ฃผ ํ™”์š”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ์—๋Š” Facebook, Facebook Live์—์„œ
00:51
I also run free live lessons on Facebook, Facebook Live,
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ๋„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:56
every Tuesday and Thursday.
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. ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์˜ค์ „ 10์‹œ
00:58
Check out the link below, 10 a.m. Spanish time.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
01:03
I also have an online course on Udemy,
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Udemy์—์„œ IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
IELTS Speaking Success; Get a Band 7+.
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๋ฐด๋“œ 7+๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
01:10
Check it out if it's right for you.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:12
Today then, we're gonna look at fillers
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
01:15
and improving your fluency.
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์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
So fluency makes up 25% of your score in the IELTS Speaking.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์€ IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ ์ˆ˜์˜ 25%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:27
It consists of hesitation.
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๋ง์„ค์ž„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
I um, I um, I, I live in a.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋‚˜๋Š”์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Repetition.
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๋˜ํ’€์ด.
01:37
I want, I want, I want to, I want, I want to, I want to.
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์›ํ•ด, ์›ํ•ด, ์›ํ•ด, ์›ํ•ด, ์›ํ•ด, ์›ํ•ด.
01:44
A range of connectives and discourse markers,
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์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๋‹ดํ™” ํ‘œ์‹œ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„,
01:48
and what are they?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:49
Well, connectives and discourse markers
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์Œ, ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๋‹ดํ™” ๋งˆ์ปค๋Š”
01:52
are rather fancy names for fillers and signposts.
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ํ•„๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
To improve your fluency, you need to be coherent.
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์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
You need to connect your ideas and your sentences
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„
02:04
with good connectors and fillers
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์ข‹์€ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ์™€ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ
02:06
and show the examiner what you're going to say.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Now, many people have a limited range.
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์ด์ œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
They repeat the same connectors.
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๋™์ผํ•œ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
And I think also, I also think that, and I think, I think.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค , ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
For a Band 7 and above,
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Band 7 ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:27
you need a wide range of connectors and discourse markers.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ์™€ ๋‹ดํ™” ๋งˆ์ปค๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
First and foremost, I love desserts, but that said,
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ๋””์ €ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:36
I only eat them now and again.
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๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ๋งŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
So let's have a look at what we do in IELTS speaking.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:43
We need to give opinions, right, add information,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:47
emphasize, clarify, compare and contrast, conclude,
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๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ โ€‹โ€‹๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:54
and we'll be using different language to do this.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
02:57
We may be saying, for example, I think, also,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—,
03:02
I really think, I mean, but, however, in conclusion,
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š”, ๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
03:09
and all of these are good, but they're not enough.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋ ค๋ฉด
03:11
You need a wider rage of connectors
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๋” ๋„“์€ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:15
to impress the examiner and really push up your fluency.
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.
03:18
So let's have a look at each of these different areas
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ ์˜์—ญ
03:22
and how we can expand your fillers.
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๊ณผ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
So let's look first of all at opinions, giving opinions.
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๋จผ์ € ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:35
Take this question: Do you like going to museums?
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๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:42
Well, to be honest, I'm not a big fan of museums.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์†”์งํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
Honestly, I'm not a big fan of museums.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
03:54
So notice, if the answers are no, we can say,
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
03:56
well, to be honest, or honestly.
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์ •์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†”์งํžˆ
04:00
Notice the rising, falling intonation, honestly.
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์ƒ์Šน, ํ•˜๊ฐ• ์–ต์–‘์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
04:05
If the answer is a positive, wow, without a doubt,
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์™€์šฐ, ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€์—†์ด
04:10
I'm a big fan of museums.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์˜ ์—ด๋ ฌํ•œ ํŒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Absolutely, I'm really into museums.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ์ •๋ง ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Notice, we can say yes or wow, without a doubt,
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์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด,
04:23
without a doubt, or absolutely,
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์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด, ๋˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ,
04:28
with quite a bit of emotion as well, right?
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์˜ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์™€์šฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
04:31
Absolutely!
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์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ!
04:33
Show the emotion on your face, absolutely!
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ!
04:37
It's nice to give some feeling in our IELTS speaking.
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
And here's another question.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
Do you think history is important?
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
04:47
Now, if your answer is yes,
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์ด์ œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด '์˜ˆ'๋ผ๋ฉด
04:49
it's very important, you could say,
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
yeah, I reckon it's essential!
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์˜ˆ, ํ•„์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
04:57
For sure.
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ.
04:58
In my eyes, it's really important, because without it.
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๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
Yep, I'd say it's pretty important, because without it.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฝค ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Yeah, I reckon.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”.
05:11
I reckon means I think.
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I think๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
It's more colloquial
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05:14
and really nice to use in IELTS speaking.
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IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋” ๊ตฌ์–ด์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
You could also say for sure, in my eyes, in my view.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์—, ๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
All of these are good.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
You can say yes, yeah, yep.
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
All of these are natural English and really good to use.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด๋ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
I would say or I'd say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
I advise you make the contraction.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
I would say, I'd say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
I'd, I'd say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
I'd say.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.
05:45
If you're not sure if it's important or not,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:49
you may be using language like I guess so or I suppose so.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ '๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค'๋Š” ์‹์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:54
Notice how you can mix 'em up, right?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ž์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:56
I guess so.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:57
I suppose history gives us a sense of identity.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:02
I suppose so.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ.
06:03
I guess history shapes our present-day culture and identity.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:09
I guess so.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:10
I suppose history.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
I suppose so.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ.
06:14
I guess history is important.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:18
And notice the number one mistake.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:21
The most common mistake is,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
06:24
do you think history is important?
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:31
I think yes. (Keith laughs)
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๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. (ํ‚ค์Šค ์›ƒ์Œ)
06:34
That's not right, right?
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
06:37
You have to say this.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
I think so.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
06:41
Yes, it is important.
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์˜ˆ, ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
So be careful with that one.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:46
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:52
Let's look now how we can use some nice fillers
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์ด์ œ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ
06:55
and connectors to begin an answer.
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์™€ ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
Here's one question:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์—ฌํ–‰์˜
07:00
what are the advantages of traveling by plane?
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์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
07:04
Well, first of all, it's fast and really convenient.
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์Œ, ์šฐ์„  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
First of all, makes sense, right?
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์šฐ์„  ๋ง์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
07:13
Logical.
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ .
07:14
Notice we often say well first.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋จผ์ € ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Well, first of all, and you're connecting, first of all.
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์Œ, ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
Well, to kick off,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
07:23
it's faster than most other means of transport.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
Well, to kick off.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
To kick off is like the football match, right, to begin.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
To kick off is just to begin.
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ํ‚ฅ์˜คํ”„๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Well, to begin, or to kick off.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
For starters, it's faster
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์šฐ์„ ,
07:41
than most other means of transport.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Now, that's a really nice colloquial filler, for starters.
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์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ดˆ๋ณด์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ•„๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Often we use it for the first course of a meal,
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์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ
07:51
but also when you're talking to say to begin with.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:55
For starters, nice.
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์šฐ์„ , ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
Let's move on now and look at the same question,
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ,
08:01
the advantages of flying,
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๋น„ํ–‰์˜ ์žฅ์ ,
08:02
and how we can add information.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
What fillers can we use here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•„๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:11
Well, we can use another thing is, on top of that,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:18
as far as I know, to my knowledge.
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.
08:23
All of these are great.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
Let's see these in action.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:28
Another thing is, apparently,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
08:30
flying is the safest way to travel.
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๋น„ํ–‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
On top of that,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
08:36
flying is said to be the safest way to travel.
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๋น„ํ–‰์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
As far as I know, flying is the safest way to travel.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
08:44
To my knowledge, flying is the safest way to travel.
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์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
And now, for emphasizing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
There are different ways we can emphasize.
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๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
A nice one, rather complex but higher level, is this one.
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๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ณต์žก ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
I'd go as far as to say,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
09:06
which means I would add even more emphatically.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
09:10
I would go as far as here to say something.
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๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ•œ๋งˆ๋”” ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
Let's have a look.
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:16
I'd go as far as saying
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๋‚˜๋Š”
09:17
flying is the best way to travel, hands down.
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๋น„ํ–‰์ด ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:22
Hands down is a lovely expression.
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์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Hands down just means for sure, undoubtedly.
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์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€์—†์ด ํ™•์‹คํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Make note, start practicing it.
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๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:32
We can also use actually,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
as a matter of fact, in fact, and here's the thing.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
Notice the intonation is really important.
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์–ต์–‘์ด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Actually usually has that falling and rising information,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฝ ๋ฐ ์ƒ์Šน ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
09:48
and that, mm, ee, indicates you're going to carry on.
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์Œ, ee๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:55
Actually, I think this.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Actually, flying is the safest way to travel.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋น„ํ–‰์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ
10:02
Let's have a look at these in action.
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์ž‘๋™์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Actually, flying is the safest way to travel.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋น„ํ–‰์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
As a matter of fact, flying is the safest way to travel.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
In fact, flying is the safest way to travel.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋น„ํ–‰์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
And here's the thing.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Apparently, flying is the safest way to travel.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋น„ํ–‰์€ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
Now, when we move to giving examples,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค ๋•Œ,
10:36
there are many ways we can do it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
10:37
The common ones, for example, for instance,
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๋“ค์–ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
10:43
take me as an example, take me as an example.
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์ €๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์š”, ์ €๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
10:47
Let's see some of these in action.
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:50
For instance, to my knowledge,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ
10:53
Qantas Airlines has never had a fatal accident, ever.
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Qantas Airlines๋Š” ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
You can see this with Qantas Airlines.
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์ฝดํƒ€์Šค ํ•ญ๊ณต์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
As far as I know, they've never had a fatal accident, ever.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
I love that last one.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
You can see this with Samsung.
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์‚ผ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
You can see this with Apple.
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Apple์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
So whichever your example is, it's a really nice,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡ ์ด๋“ ,
11:17
smooth, natural way to give an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
Let's move on!
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๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž!
11:26
Now, a part three question is often,
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์ž, ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์ข…์ข…
11:28
why do some people do this?
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:31
Now, this is a difficult question, 'cause it's very open,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ด๊ณ 
11:34
and often, we want to clarify
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์ข…์ข…
11:37
what we mean or what we're going to talk about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ” ๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
One of the great strategies in part three
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11:42
with the why do some people question is to break it down,
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์™œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 3๋ถ€์˜ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ „๋žต ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ 
11:48
to look at different kinds of people, right?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
11:52
We can talk about young people, parents,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด, ๋ถ€๋ชจ,
11:55
old people, workers, unemployed.
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๋…ธ์ธ, ๋…ธ๋™์ž, ์‹ค์—…์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Break it down.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดด.
11:59
So to do that, we use very simple clarifying techniques.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ช…๋ฃŒํ™” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
My favorite is this one.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
If we're talking about young people,
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„
12:09
I reckon they move to the city
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๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:11
in search of better job opportunities.
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.
12:14
Did you get that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:17
If we're talking about,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
12:19
if we are talking about something or someone,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
12:24
if we're talking about hm, great.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ , ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Here's another example.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
If we're talking about parents,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
12:31
I suppose they want a better school for their children.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:36
Let's look now at contrasting, contrasting,
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ€์กฐ, ๋Œ€์กฐ, ๋น„๊ต์™€
12:40
similar to comparing,
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์œ ์‚ฌ
12:41
but where we look at A and then contrast it with B.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ A๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๋‹ค์Œ B์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
So often, we use the word but.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… but์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
There is this, but there is that.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
But is the most overused connector.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
What are other ways we can use to express that?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:02
Well, however, that said, mind you, at the same time,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‹œ์—
13:11
and notice with most of these,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
13:12
we have that falling, rising intonation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ธํ† ๋„ค์ด์…˜๊ณผ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ์ธํ† ๋„ค์ด์…˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
That said, mind you, and it just indicates
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
13:21
that we're going to carry on speaking.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
It's great natural intonation, lovely connector.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ ์–ต์–‘, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ปค๋„ฅํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
Let's see in practice, the same question as before.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณด์ž.
13:31
Why do some people choose
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์™œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
13:33
to live in the city rather than in the countryside?
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๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
13:37
If we're talking about young people, I reckon they move
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:40
to the city in search of better job opportunities.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
That said, many people who work remotely
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์ฆ‰, ์›๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
13:49
choose to live in the suburbs or even the countryside.
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๊ต์™ธ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณจ์— ์‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:53
If we're talking parents,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
13:55
I suppose they want a better school for their kids.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:59
Mind you, nowadays, there are lots of good quality schools
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์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ณจ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:04
to be found in rural areas, too.
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.
14:07
Can you see how that works?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:09
Brilliant.
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๋ฉ‹์ง„.
14:10
Start practicing.
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์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:16
Let's wind up with concluding.
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
(Keith laughs) Concluding.
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(ํ‚ค์Šค ์›ƒ์Œ) ๊ฒฐ๋ก .
14:21
There are different ways to conclude:
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๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
finally, to summarize, in conclusion.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
14:27
I think some of the more natural ones are these.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
In a nutshell, overall, all in all, at the end of the day.
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์š”์ปจ๋Œ€, ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
So again, let's have a look at these in action.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ž‘๋™ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
In a nutshell, I think people move to the city
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
14:46
because it offers more opportunities.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
Overall, I think people move to the city
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์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:52
because it offers more opportunities.
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.
14:54
All in all, I'd say people move to the city
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๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ
14:59
because it offers more opportunities.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
At the end of the day, I suppose people move to the city
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:06
because it offers more opportunities.
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.
15:10
Guys, that's it, A whole bunch of fillers
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, 1๋ถ€์™€ 3๋ถ€์—์„œ
15:13
that will help you improve your fluency
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ
15:16
and give cracking answers in your IELTS speaking,
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ํฌ๋ž˜ํ‚น ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•„๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:19
for part one and part three.
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.
15:22
I hope this has helped.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
Just to remind you, come along to Facebook,
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์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด
15:26
to the IELTS Speaking Success Facebook page,
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15:29
Tuesday and Thursday, 10 o'clock Spanish time.
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ํ™”์š”์ผ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ, ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ 10์‹œ์— ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋กœ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”.
15:32
Free lessons!
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ!
15:33
It's brilliant.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
We have a ball.
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๊ณต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
We have a whale of a time.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
Do come and join us.
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์™€์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:39
And if you're looking for a more in-depth online course,
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๋” ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:42
check out my course on Udemy,
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Udemy์—์„œ ์ œ ๊ณผ์ •์ธ
15:44
IELTS Speaking Success; Get a Band 7+.
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ฐด๋“œ 7+๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
15:47
Go ahead, go and get it.
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์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
15:49
Get a Band 7+.
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๋ฐด๋“œ 7+๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
15:51
Please share this video with your friends,
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
15:54
subscribe, turn on notifications.
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ์ผœ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
15:57
I really appreciate you following me.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™€ ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
Thank you very much, and I can't wait to see you soon.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ต™๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Take care, everybody, bye-bye.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:04
(upbeat rock music)
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(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ๋ก ์Œ์•…)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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