Learn English Grammar - THE PAST SIMPLE - Lesson Four - with easy examples

lesson 4 part 1 the past simple the past simple is used to talk about

レッスン 4 パート 1 過去形 シンプル過去形

completed actions that happened at a fixed time in the past it is the most

は、過去のある時点で完了したアクションについて話すために使用されます。これは、

commonly used past tense in English regular verbs in the past simple to form

英語で最も一般的に使用される過去時制です 過去形の 通常動詞 過去形

a regular verb in the past simple e D is added to the base form to relate to

の通常動詞 単純な e D は 、

something you did in the past Walter washed his car on Tuesday the

あなたが過去に行ったこと

verb ends in 'ed' washed the fixed point in the past is Tuesday

に関連

Walter washed his car on Tuesday how to form the past simple most verbs in the

する基本形に追加されます。 過去形 ほとんどの動詞

past simple do not change with the subject first of all you have the

過去形は 主語と変わらない 最初に主語があります

subject I you he she we they then you have the past verb played then you have

I you he she we they then you have the past 動詞 played

the rest of the sentence tennis yesterday I played tennis yesterday you

残りの文 テニス 昨日 私はテニスをしました 昨日、あなた

played tennis yesterday he played tennis yesterday she played tennis yesterday we

はプレーしました テニス 昨日 彼は昨日テニスをし ました 彼女は昨日テニスを

played tennis yesterday they played tennis yesterday further examples

しました

last night I watched a documentary about Italy last Friday I danced with friends

私たちは 昨日テニスを

Tom usually drives to work but yesterday he walked instead Heather

しました 彼らは昨日テニスをしました y 彼は代わりに歩いた ヘザーは

cleaned her bedroom last weekend before the party

先週末、パーティーの前に寝室を掃除した

Tom shaved off his beard yesterday after work

トムは昨日、仕事の後に髭を剃り落とした

Nia listen to music and started reading a new book spelling rules for the past

ニアは音楽を聴き、新しい本を読み始めた ニアは音楽を聴き 、新しい本を読み始め

simple the past simple of all regular verbs end in 'ed' but for some verbs

た 一部の動詞

there are some spelling changes to wash washed for many regular verbs 'ied' is

では、ウォッシュ ウォッシュにいくつかのスペル変更があります 多くの規則動詞

added if the last letter of the word is 'e' you just add 'd' dance danced if the

では、単語の最後の文字が 「e」の場合は「ied」が追加されます 単語の最後の文字が Y で終わる場合は「d」を追加するだけです dance danced

last letter of the word ends in Y then you change the ending to 'ied' try

語尾を 'ied' に変更して

tried the Y is removed and 'ied' is added instead a stressed final syllable

みました Y が削除され、代わりに 'ied' が 追加されました 強勢のある最後の音節

ending consonant vowel consonant

語尾の子音 母音 子音

stop ends 'ped' the last consonant is doubled and 'ped' is added stopped

が終了 'ped' 最後の子音が 2 倍になり、'ped' が追加されました 停止

stopped further examples jump jumped work worked play played arrived arrived

停止 さらなる例 ジャンプ 跳んだ 仕事 働いた 遊んだ 到着した 到着した

save saved decide decided carry carried cry cried hurry

保存した 保存した 決める 決める 運ぶ 運ぶ 泣く 泣く

hurried dropp dropped hub hopped step stepped irregular verbs in the past

急ぐ 急いで 落とす ハブを落とす ホップする ステップ ステップする 不規則動詞

simple some verbs do not take Edie to form the past simple there are no

過去形 シンプル

specific rules about how to form irregular verbs in the past simple I

形 不規則動詞 過去形 単純 I

went swimming yesterday went is the past simple of go I am swimming I went

行った 水泳 昨日 行った は go の過去形 私は泳いでいます 私は昨日水泳に行き

swimming yesterday common regular verbs in the past simple go becomes went

ました 動詞 過去形の一般的な規則動詞 単純な go になる 行った

have becomes had du becomes did put this stays the same

持った なる 持っていた du になる した これをそのまま置く 同じ

come becomes came see becomes sore further examples I swam in the 500-meter

になる 来る 来る 見る さらに痛む例 500 メートル競走で泳いだ

race I came to the U.S in 1980 we saw some rare birds I did really well in

1980 年に渡米し た 珍しい鳥を見た 学校でとても上手にできた

school Steve put his cup on the table Sam ate two pizzas we went to the zoo

スティーブがカップをテーブルに置いた サムはピザを 2 枚食べた 先週動物園に行った

last week they drank all our lemonade they had a great vacation

彼らは飲んだ 私たちのすべてのレモネード 彼らは素晴らしい休暇を過ごしました

Sheila drove to the park 'be' in the past simple the past simple of

シーラは公園に車で行きました 'be' 過去形 シンプル 過去形 'be' の過去形

'be' is completely irregular it is the only verb in the past simple which changes

は完全に不規則です これは過去形の唯一の動詞です これは

depending on the subject the traffic was bad so we were late for school was were

主語によって変化します 交通量が 悪かったので we were late for school was were の

how to form 'be' in the past simple the past simple of 'be' changes with the

形 'be' 過去形 シンプル 過去形 'be' の過去形 は主語によって変わり

subject for example you have the subject I you he she we they you have the form

ます たとえば、あなたは主語 I you he she we have you have the form

of 'be' I was you were he she was we they were I was late for school

of 'be' I was あなたは彼だった 彼女は私たち だった 私は学校に遅刻した

you were late for school he she was late for school

学校に遅刻した 彼は彼女が学校に遅刻 した

we they were late for school further examples he was a doctor for 40

私たちは学校に遅刻した その他の例 彼は 40

years she was a Broadway star in the 1960s there was a party last night we

年間医者でした 彼女は 1960 年代にブロードウェイのスターでした 昨夜パーティーがありました 私

were in the library yesterday there were lots of people at the party

たちは昨日図書館 にいました たくさんの人がいました at the party

they were at the movies last week

they were at the movie last week

part two the past simple negative the past simple negative is used to talk

part 2 過去の単純否定形 過去の単純否定形は

about things that did not happen in the past it is always formed the same way

、過去に起こらなかったことについて話すときに使われます 主動詞が過去の単純否定 形でない限り、常に同じように形成され

unless the main verb is be the past simple negative

ます

the past simple negative uses did not or didn't with the base form of the main

過去の単純な否定的な用法は主動詞の原形と一緒に使用されていませんでした、または使用されていませんでし

verb the main verb is not put into the past simple

た 主な動詞は単純に過去形にはなりません。

for example I played tennis last week but I didn't play yesterday played is

たとえば、先週テニスを しましたが、昨日はプレーしませんでした。

the past simple to make the negative didn't is used with the base form

否定 形 did not は原形と一緒に使われます

I didn't play yesterday we are expressing something we did in the past

昨日はプレーしませんでし た 過去にやったが、

but something we didn't do later I played tennis last week but I didn't

後でしなかったことを表現しています 先週はテニスをしましたが、昨日はプレーしませんでし

play yesterday how to form this sentence you have the subject I you have the form

た この表現の仕方 文 you have the subject 私は fo を持っています rm

of did not didn't did not or didn't are used to make the negative no matter what

of did not did not did not or did not は主語が 何であっても否定

the subject is you have the base form of the verb go the base form in the main

形にする

verb is used in the past simple negative and then you have the rest of the

ために使用されます 動詞の基本形 go 主動詞の基本形は過去形で使用されます 単純な否定形 you have the rest of the

sentence swimming I did not go swimming further examples you didn't like the

statement Swimming I did not go Swimming other examples you did not like the

beach they didn't buy the big expensive car she did not talk to anyone before

beach they did not buy the big高価な 車 she did not talk to someone before

the exam in this sentence did not is only used for emphasis or informal

the Exam in this statement did not は 強調のためにのみ使用されます。 または非公式な

situations I didn't eat all the chocolate Emily didn't enjoy the

状況 チョコレートを全部食べなかった エミリーは

theme-park as much as Zara Hugh did not cycle to work today

ザラほどテーマパークを楽しんでいなかった ヒューは 今日自転車で通勤しなかった 過去の

common mistakes when forming base forms in the past simple negative when using

基本形を作るときのよくある間違い 過去の否定形を使うときの単純な

the negative form of the past simple didn't plus the main verb in the base

否定形 単純 did not 加えた 主動詞の

form is used the main verb is never in the past simple

原形が使われている 主動詞が 過去にある

I didn't play tennis last night correct I didn't played tennis last night

ことはない 単純 I did not play Tennis

incorrect the past simple negative of B to form

the past simple negative of B naught is added after was or were the book was

B の過去単純否定 naught は 、本が入っていた、またはあった後に追加さ

interesting but the movie was not the books were great but the movies were not

れます。 teresting but the movie was not the books was great but the movie was not

how to form this sentence you have the subject the movie you have the form was

how to form this statement you have the subject the movie you have the form was

were you have not and the rest of the sentence

were you have not and the rest of the text Interested

interesting the movie was not interesting in the plural form the

the movie was not interested in 複数形

movies were not interesting further examples Kate was not feeling well the

映画は面白くなかった さらなる 例 ケイトは気分が悪い

cat wasn't in the house was not is often shortened to wasn't my parents were not

pleased the computers weren't working were not is often shortened to weren't

finally past simple questions questions in the past simple are formed using did

最終的に過去の単純な質問 単純な過去の質問 は did を使用して形成され

for past simple questions with be the subject and the verb was or were are

ます 主語となる過去の単純な質問 と動詞 was または were

swapped around questions in the past simple use did plus the base form of the

交換 過去の 単純な使用の動詞の基本形に加えて

verb to ask a question in the past simple they bought a new car did they

、質問をする動詞 過去形 彼らは新しい車を買いましたか 彼らは新しい車を

buy a new car did goes before the subject the main verb is in its base

買いましたか 主動詞の原形は主語の

form by she visited her parents last week who did she visit last week you can

前に

add question words to ask open questions who did she visit last week did they buy

来ます 彼女は先週訪れました

a new car how to form the sentence you have did you have the subject they you

か? 彼らは新しい車を買いましたか? 文の作り方?

have the base form of the verb by and the rest of the sentence a new car

further examples did they have a good time did you read a book on the beach

ビーチで本を読みましたか

did ray drink all the milk where did she meet her friends when did he go to the

ミルクを全部飲みましたか 彼女はどこで 彼女の友達に会いましたか 彼はいつジムに行きました

gym why did you buy so much food questions in the past simple with B to

か なぜ過去にそんなにたくさんの食べ物を買ったのですか

make a question using the verb be in the past simple swap the order of the

過去の単純な

subject and was or were in a statement the subject comes before the verb she

主語と was または were の順序を 入れ替える 主語は動詞の前に来ます 彼女

was excited in a question the verb and the subject swap places

は質問で興奮していました 動詞 と主語の入れ替え

the subject comes after the verb you were excited becomes were you excited

主語は動詞の後に来ます

how to form the sentence you have was were you have the subject I he she it

私は興奮して

you we they and the rest of the sentence excited was I excited was he excited was

she excited was it excited you excited were we excited

were they excited further examples was he good at playing tennis were they

いた テニスをしているとき、彼らは

surprised by you why was she late for the party

驚きましたか なぜ彼女はパーティーに遅れたのですか?

you can add question words to make open questions what was that song called was

質問の言葉を追加して、オープンな質問をすることができます. その歌は何と呼ばれてい

there any cake at the party were we the last ones to arrive what were the

ましたか? パーティーにケーキはありましたか? 私たちが 最後に到着したのは

lectures about what was the weather like

? 天気はどうだった?

that is all for me for today join me next time when once again I will be asking...

今日はすべて私のために、 次回はもう一度質問します...

how's your grammar?

あなたの文法はどうですか？