'ly' Adverbs & Adjectives | English Grammar Lesson | B1-Intermediate

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hello and welcome everyone to this lessonย  where we're going to look at adverbs andย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
00:11
adjectives ending in 'ly'. Okay, it's because ofย  a question that came from Dominque, and she asked:ย ย 
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'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ย ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋„ ๋ฐํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
00:23
'Is friendly an adverb? Can we say he spoke toย  me friendly?' So, obviously that's the question.ย ย 
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'์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?' ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
We need to look at the word 'friendly'. Now,ย  there are two groups of words ending in 'ly'.ย ย 
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'์šฐํ˜ธ์ '์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Let's look at both groups. The first one isย  obviously 'ly' adverbs. 'Ly' adverbs are alwaysย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ 'ly' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Ly' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
00:46
adverbs of manner that answer the question how,ย  and they come from an adjective. For example,ย ย 
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How๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
00:54
if our adjective is 'clear' clear speech, theย  adverb verb is 'clearly'. We just add 'ly' andย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'clear' ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฐ์„ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'clearly'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ly'๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:02
now we have the adverb. So, a clear speechย  but to speak a verb clearly. Or 'careless'ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฐ์„ค ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” '๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜'๋Š”
01:09
is the adjective, a careless driver, but to driveย  carelessly. Right, nice and simple! But of course,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•œ ์šด์ „์ž์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์•„์š”, ์ข‹๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด์š”! ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก 
01:18
there are always exceptions. So, it's important toย  know those. We're looking at the important ones.ย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
The common ones. And exception (the two mainย  exceptions), exception number one is that someย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์™ธ(๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ), ์˜ˆ์™ธ 1๋ฒˆ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€
01:30
adverbs of manner don't have 'ly', and I'veย  divided them into two groups. One very smallย ย 
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๋งค๋„ˆ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— 'ly'๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€
01:38
group, that's where the adverb is completelyย  different from the adjective, and I could onlyย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ธ๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€
01:45
think of one example. So, that's the adjectiveย  'good', which becomes the adverb well. So,ย ย 
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์ข‹๋‹ค'๊ณ , ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ,
01:52
we don't have the word 'goodly'. We can't addย  'ly'. It's good adjective a good plan, and 'well',ย ย 
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'์ข‹๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. good ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ a good plan, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'well',
02:00
well planned. Now, still staying with exceptionย  one, so no 'ly', but a different situation and theย ย 
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์ž˜ ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜ˆ์™ธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ 'ly'๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ
02:09
situation is where the adverb and the adjectiveย  are exactly the same. So again, we can't add 'ly',ย ย 
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์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ 'ly'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
02:17
but the word doesn't change. It stays exactly theย  same. I've got eight examples in this group forย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 8๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:24
you. One is 'fast' as the adjective. A fast reply.ย  Also as the adverb: to reply fast. The next one,ย ย 
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. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ '๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋‹ต๋ณ€. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ: ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€
02:34
'late'. a late arrival (adverb). To arrive lateย  (adjective). 'Early'. An early departure. Sameย ย 
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'๋Šฆ์Œ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค(๋ถ€์‚ฌ). ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค (ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ). '์ผ์ฐ'. ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ถœ๋ฐœ.
02:45
word for the adverb: to leave early. Next one isย  'long', a long life. And the adverb is the same,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด: ์ผ์ฐ ๋– ๋‚˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ 'long', ์ฆ‰ ์žฅ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
'long', to live long. Let's look at the other fourย  that I've chosen for you. These are the commonย ย 
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'long'์€ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 4๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ
03:02
ones. 'Short' (adjective). A short break. 'Short'ย  (adverb): to cut short. 'Fine' is an adjective:ย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์งง๋‹ค'(ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ). ์งง์€ ํœด์‹. '์งง๋‹ค' (๋ถ€์‚ฌ): ์งง๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค. 'Fine'์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
a fine view means a nice view. And 'fine' as anย  adverb: to see fine. Here it's more like 'well':ย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์ „๋ง์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ „๋ง์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋Š” 'fine' : ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'well'์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
to see well, to see okay. And the next one,ย  very important one, 'hard': a hard job,ย ย 
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์ž˜ ๋ณด์ด๋‹ค, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ 'hard'๋Š” ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
and also the adverb: hard, no 'ly', to work hard.ย  And the final one, 'straight': a straight line,ย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ: hard, no 'ly'๋Š” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ 'straight'๋Š” ์ง์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
and the adverb is the same, no 'ly': to walkย  straight. Okay, so remember that you have toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ly'๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
03:49
remember these. That's the only way. But veryย  importantly, there's a note here, and there areย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:55
three of these adjectives: 'thought', 'late', andย  'hard', that have adverbial form like 'hardly',ย ย 
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'์ƒ๊ฐ', โ€‹โ€‹'๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ', 'ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ '๊ฑฐ์˜',
04:05
'lately', and 'shortly', but the meaning isย  completely different from the adjective. So,ย ย 
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'๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ', '๊ณง'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
04:12
'shortly' means soon: I will write to him soon / Iย  will write to him shortly. 'Lately' means recentlyย ย 
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'์งง๊ฒŒ'๋Š” ๊ณง์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค/ ๊ณง ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Lately'๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
like: I haven't seen Jim recently / I haven't seenย  him lately. And 'hardly', that's the probably theย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— Jim์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค/์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๊ฑฐ์˜'๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
04:30
trickiest one, means almost not. So, if you hearย  or say: I could hardly breathe, it means I almostย ย 
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‰ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š”
04:40
couldn't breathe. So, it has a very specificย  meaning this one. Okay, so that's important toย ย 
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์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‰ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:47
remember. So now, we can look at exception two.ย  There are only three words I have chosen. Or theย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ 2๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹จ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š”
04:56
three common ones in this group, and that's whereย  your adverb of manner can be with or without 'ly'.ย ย 
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ly'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And the three adjectives are 'quick', 'slow', andย  'loud'. But, what's important to remember is thatย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋น ๋ฅธ', '๋Š๋ฆฐ', '์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€
05:12
the form without the 'ly' is very informalย  and mainly common in American English. So,ย ย 
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'ly'๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
05:19
for example the adjective 'quick': a quick meal,ย  the correct adverb form is 'quickly', and I wouldย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ 'quick': ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹์‚ฌ, ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” 'quickly'์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ €๋Š” '
05:27
recommend you use that: to eat quickly. But don'tย  be surprised if you hear the word 'quick' usedย ย 
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'quick'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋†€๋ผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
05:34
also as an adverb: eat quick. Very American. Sameย  with 'slow': a slow walk. But instead of sayingย ย 
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. ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋จน์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ'์™€ ๋™์ผ: ๋Š๋ฆฐ ๊ฑท๊ธฐ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:44
walk slowly, which is the good form, sometimesย  you will hear: to walk slow. And 'loud', that'sย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'loud'๋Š”
05:50
also a very common one, where adverb and adjectiveย  forms can be the same: a loud voice (adjective),ย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: a Loud voice(ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ),
05:59
and to to speak loudly, the best form, butย  also very commonly: to speak loud. Alright,ย ย 
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to talkly, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ: ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
06:07
so we've looked at those adverbs. Just before weย  look at adjectives with 'ly', one important noteย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ly'๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ง์ „์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š”
06:14
again and that's to do with the word 'real'. Now,ย  'real' has two meanings really. The real meaning,ย ย 
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'real'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ '์ง„์งœ'์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์งœ ์˜๋ฏธ,
06:23
the real meaning of real is, 'true'. Realย  meaning 'true', for example: a real Improvement.ย ย 
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์ง„์งœ์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” 'true'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Real์€ '์‚ฌ์‹ค'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์˜ˆ: ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐœ์„ ).
06:30
There, the only adverb form is 'really'. So: toย  really improve. But, you know that we can also useย ย 
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” 'really'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
06:39
'really' as a synonym for 'very' or 'completely',ย  and that's where it comes before another adverb orย ย 
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'์ •๋ง'์„ '๋งค์šฐ' ๋˜๋Š” '์™„์ „ํžˆ'์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋‚˜
06:46
another adjective. And used in that way ofย  course again 'really' is the correct form,ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์—์„œ๋Š” 'really'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:55
before an adverb or an adjective, but you couldย  also hear it without the 'ly'. So the correctย ย 
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'ly' ์—†์ด๋„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ
07:02
form is really nice, but especially in Americanย  English, you are likely to hear: oh real nice,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์‹์€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” 'oh real nice,
07:10
that's real nice. So, just remember these littleย  exceptions. So that's about 'ly' adverbs. Let'sย ย 
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that's real nice'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ly'๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
look at 'ly' adjectives, and that's where thingsย  can get confusing. So, there are a few adjectivesย ย 
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'ly' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
07:25
that actually end in 'ly', and the common ones, weย  have one group that are descriptive, for exampleย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
07:33
'friendly', 'lovely', 'lonely', 'costly',ย  'orderly', 'deadly', 'lively', 'elderly',ย ย 
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'Friendly', 'lovely', 'lonely', 'costly', 'orderly', '์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ', 'ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐฌ', '๋…ธ์ธ',
07:43
'cowardly'. These are all adjectives. Theyย  describe something or someone. So, the adjectiveย ย 
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'๋น„๊ฒํ•œ'. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
07:51
form ends in 'ly'. What do we do for the adverb?ย  Can we add another 'ly' and say: friendlyly?ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” 'ly'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? 'ly'๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
08:00
Doesn't sound right. It's phonetically awkwardย  to have two 'lys' : lyly. So in this case,ย ย 
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์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. lyly๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 'lys'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Œ์„ฑํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
08:07
and we can't use them directly as an adverb, weย  have to create a phrase with them. So the it's notย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
08:15
an adverb, but it's an it's a phrase that acts asย  an adverb. And it would be with the words 'way',ย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'way',
08:22
'fashion', and 'manner': in a friendly manner,ย  in an orderly fashion, in a lovely manner. Right,ย ย 
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'fashion', 'manner'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์งˆ์„œ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ 
08:32
you have to create these phrases. So, a friendlyย  man, but to behave in a friendly way. Now,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ผญ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž์ง€๋งŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ์ด์ œ 'ly'๋กœ
08:40
there's another group of adjectives that endย  in 'ly', and they're related to a time period.ย ย 
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๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
You're very familiar with them like 'daily',ย  'weekly', 'fortnightly', 'monthly', 'quarterly',ย ย 
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'๋งค์ผ', '๋งค์ฃผ', '๊ฒฉ์ฃผ', '์›”๋ณ„', '๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ณ„',
08:54
and 'yearly'. For this group, the adjective andย  the adverb take the same form. So, 'weekly' is anย ย 
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'์—ฐ๊ฐ„'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'weekly'๋Š”
09:02
adjective but also an adverb. We can have a weeklyย  meeting. Also, to meet weekly. Therefore, we comeย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ฃผ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š” . ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ฃผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
09:13
back to the question that Dominique asked: isย  friendly an adverb? The answer is no. It is onlyย ย 
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Dominique๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. is Friendly๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์•ผ. ๋‹จ์ง€
09:20
an adjective. Can we say he spoke to me friendly?ย  No, because it's not an adverb. Remember that youย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
have to create a phrase that replaces an adverb:ย  No, he spoke, or he spoke to me, in a friendlyย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ
09:39
manner, or fashion, or way. Now, that answersย  the question. But I wanted to go one step furtherย ย 
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๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
09:47
to finish, and that is to also remind you of howย  to create comparative and superlative adjectivesย ย 
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๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ 'ly' ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:54
with these 'ly' words. Looking at 'ly' adjectivesย  first, two cases. If your 'ly' adjective has twoย ย 
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. 'ly' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ly' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 2์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
10:06
syllables, it always has at least two syllables,ย  then use 'er' and 'est'. So for example, for theย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ์†Œ 2์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋‹ค์Œ 'er'์™€ 'est'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
10:14
adjective 'deadly', the comparative is 'deadlierย  than, and superlative is 'the deadliest'. Becauseย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ '์น˜๋ช…์ '์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์€ 'deadlier than'์ด๊ณ  ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰์€ 'the deadliest'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
10:23
generally speaking, all two syllable adjectivesย  that end in 'y', the sound ee, take 'er' andย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 'y'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ(์†Œ๋ฆฌ ee)๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ 'er'์™€
10:31
'est'. For example happy = happier, than theย  happiest. We never say: more happy or more deadly.ย ย 
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'est'๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค = ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ee
10:40
Because they end in two syllables ending in theย  sound ee. Or lucky = luckier than the luckiest.ย ย 
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๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š” ์šด์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค = ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์šด์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค.
10:49
So, that's the case with two syllable adjectives.ย  Now if your 'ly' adjective is longer than twoย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ 'ly' ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 2์Œ์ ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:56
syllables, if it's multi- syllable, then of courseย  the rule stands and we need to use 'more' andย ย 
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๋‹ค์ค‘ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์œ ํšจํ•˜๋ฉฐ 'more'์™€
11:04
'most'. So for example, if you have 'cowardly',ย  that's three syllables, then of course we useย ย 
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'most'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'cowardly'( 3์Œ์ ˆ)๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
11:12
more and most: more cowardly than, and the mostย  cowardly. And of course, time-related adjectives,ย ย 
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋” ๋น„๊ฒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„๊ฒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ
11:21
'weekly', 'fortnightly', etc. naturally don'tย  have comparative or superlative forms. Right,ย ย 
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'์ฃผ๊ฐ„', '๊ฒฉ์ฃผ' ๋“ฑ์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์ด๋‚˜ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”,
11:29
and to end then just looking at the comparativeย  and superlative forms of 'ly' adverbs,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'ly' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋งŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:36
with the adverbs regardless of the number ofย  syllables, whether it's two, three, or more,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ ์ˆ˜์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด 2๊ฐœ, 3๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ธ์ง€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด
11:43
always use 'more' and 'most'. So for example,ย  if the sorry I've written 'adjective' there itย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ 'more'์™€ 'most'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— 'ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:50
should be 'adverb'. If the adverb is 'clearly',ย  the comparative is always 'more clearly than'. So,ย ย 
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'๋ถ€์‚ฌ'์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ '๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ'์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ '๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
11:57
'clearly' is just two syllables: clear-ly,ย  more clearly than and the most clearly. Andย ย 
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'๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ'๋Š” ๋‹จ ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
12:05
'carelessly' is three syllables: care-less-ly andย  of course then naturally we will use 'more' andย ย 
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'๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ'๋Š” ์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: care-less-ly ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ '๋” ๋งŽ์€'๊ณผ
12:13
'most': more carelessly than and the mostย  carelessly. Okay, I think that's the endย ย 
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'๊ฐ€์žฅ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋” ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:21
of the presentation. I hope it has clarified orย  given you some guidelines as to how to use 'ly'ย ย 
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. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋“  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋“  'ly' ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง€์นจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:29
words, whether they're adverbs or adjectivesย  correctly. I hope you've enjoyed this lesson.ย ย 
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. ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
For more on this topic click here! Rememberย  to also check out my complete online course,ย ย 
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ์ œ ์ „์ฒด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ ,
12:42
and don't forget to like and subscribe.ย  Thank you for watching, and happy studies!
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์ข‹์•„์š”์™€ ๊ตฌ๋…๋„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋˜์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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