How to Pronounce Plural Nouns: American English

246,549 views ใƒป 2011-11-17

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today I'm going to go over how to pronounce plural nouns. A noun is made plural when an
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:06
S or an ES is added to the end of the word. For example, cat, cats. Church, churches. The
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๋‹จ์–ด ๋์— S ๋˜๋Š” ES๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ๊ณ ์–‘์ด. ๊ตํšŒ, ๊ตํšŒ.
00:17
The way this ending is pronounced depends on the last sound of the noun in singular form.
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์ด ์–ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…์‚ฌ
00:31
In determining how to pronounce the S or ES of a noun, there are three different cases. First,
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์˜ S ๋˜๋Š” ES๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ,
00:38
when the last sound of the noun in singular form is voiced, second, when it is unvoiced,
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์„ฑ์ผ ๋•Œ, ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฌด์„ฑ์ผ ๋•Œ,
00:46
and third, both voiced and unvoiced, special cases. When the last sound of the noun in
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์…‹์งธ, ์œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
00:54
singular form is voiced, then the ''s' is pronounced as a [z], as in, beds, zz, zz,
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์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ผ ๋•Œ 's'๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นจ๋Œ€, zz, zz,
01:03
zz. What would be a voiced sound? First, any vowel or diphthong. So let's take for example
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zz. ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ชจ์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:11
the word 'tree'. This noun ends in the 'ee' as in 'she' vowel sound. It is voiced. So,
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'๋‚˜๋ฌด'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ' she' ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ 'ee'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '
01:19
the 's' in the word 'trees', zz, zz, is pronounced as a [z]. Zz. Example with a diphthong:
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trees'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ 's', zz, zz๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Zz. ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์˜ ์˜ˆ:
01:29
the word 'cafe' ends in the 'ay' as in 'say' diphthong. As a diphthong, it is voiced. Therefore,
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'cafe'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” 'say' ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'ay'๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
01:38
the 's' will be pronounced as a [z]. Cafes, zz, zz, zz, cafes. Also, a consonant can be
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's'๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นดํŽ˜, zz, zz, zz, ์นดํŽ˜. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž์Œ๋„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:48
voiced. But not every voiced consonant is in that category. That is because some are
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
01:54
in the third category for special cases. The ending consonants in this category, where
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
the plural will be pronounced as a Z, are:
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด Z๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์˜ ๋ ์ž์Œ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
An example, the word 'apple'. 'Apple' ends
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'apple'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์‚ฌ๊ณผ'๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…์„ฑ ์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ์ค‘
02:23
in the L consonant sound, which is one of the ending voiced consonant sounds in this
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ L ์ž์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:28
category. Therefore, it will be pronounced as a [z] when it is in plural form. Apples,
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๊ณผ,
02:36
zz, zz, apples. When the final sound of the noun in singular form is unvoiced, then the
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zz, zz, ์‚ฌ๊ณผ. ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์„ฑ์ผ ๋•Œ
02:45
S will also be unvoiced, pronounced as an [s], ss. For example, the word 'ship'. P is
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S๋„ ๋ฌด์„ฑํ™”๋˜์–ด [s], ss๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์„ ๋ฐ•'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. P๋Š”
02:53
an unvoiced consonant sound, therefore, ships, ss, ss, ss, the plural will be an unvoiced
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๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐฐ, ss, ss, ss, ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•
03:01
sound as well, the S. Ships. The unvoiced consonants in this category, where the 's'
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๋„ ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ, S. Ships๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 's'๊ฐ€
03:09
is pronounced as an [s], are:
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[s]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
In the third category, the plural is made not simply by
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
03:23
adding an -S, but by adding an -ES. Therefore it is pronounced with the 'ih' as in 'sit'
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-S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ -ES๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '์•‰๋‹ค' ๋ชจ์Œ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'ih'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๊ณ 
03:30
vowel followed by the Z consonant sound: -es, -es,-es. There are six ending sounds that make
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Z ์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: -es, -es,-es. ์ด ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์˜ ์—”๋”ฉ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:40
up this category.
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.
03:52
Because this category adds a vowel sound and a consonant sound, the IH and the ZZ sound, words
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์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ž์Œ, IH ๋ฐ ZZ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:00
in this category will have an extra syllable added on when they are made plural. In the
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์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
other two categories, we were simply adding one sound, and it did not change the number
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:10
of syllables in the word. Let's take an example. The word 'wish'. It ends with sh, which is
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์Œ์ ˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์›'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด.
04:19
one of the sounds in this third category. Therefore, the plural will be spelled with
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์ด ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ sh๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ -ES๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋˜๋ฉฐ
04:25
an -ES, and it will be pronounced 'wishes', zz, with the 'ih' sound followed by the Z
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'์†Œ์›', zz๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋ฉฐ 'ih' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์— Z
04:32
sound. Wishes. So, 'wish', one syllable, 'wishes', two syllables. The extra syllable added by
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์›. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์†Œ์›'์€ ํ•œ ์Œ์ ˆ, '์†Œ์›'์€ ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์Œ์ ˆ์€
04:43
the plural will always be unstressed. So it will be lower in pitch than the stressed syllable
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋œ ์Œ์ ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ์Œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:49
in the word. Wishes. Now, let's look at some example nouns and determine how the plural
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. ์†Œ์›. ์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
04:56
will be pronounced. Age. It ends with the 'dj' sound. This is in the third category.
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๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ด. 'dj' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
Therefore it is pronounced 'ages'. Two syllables, with the 'ih' as in 'sit' vowel followed by
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋‚˜์ด'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์Œ์ ˆ, '์•‰๋‹ค' ๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 'ih' ๋’ค์—
05:12
the Z consonant sound. Ages. Time. It ends with the mm M consonant sound. It's voiced,
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Z ์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ด. ์‹œ๊ฐ„. mm M ์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ด๊ณ 
05:23
it's not a special case, therefore, the S is pronounced as a [z]. Times, times, zz.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€๋กœ S๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์‹œ๊ฐ„, zz.
05:31
Box. The final sound in this word is the 's' sound. 'S' falls in the third category.
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์ƒ์ž. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 's' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'S'๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Therefore, we make it plural by adding an 'e' and an 's'. And it is pronounced with
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'e'์™€ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:45
the 'ih' as in 'sit' and the, zz, Z consonant sound. Boxes, boxes. Dog. Dog. It ends with
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'์•‰๋‹ค'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'ih'๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ณ , zz, Z ์ž์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ž, ์ƒ์ž. ๊ฐœ. ๊ฐœ. G ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:57
the G sound. That's a voiced sound. It is not in the third category, therefore, the
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. ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:03
's' is pronounces as a [z]. Dogs, dogs. Cat. The final sound here is the T, which is unvoiced.
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's'๋Š” [z]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ, ๊ฐœ. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ์ธ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
It is not a special case, so the plural S will be pronounced simply as an [s]. Cats,
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• S๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ [s]๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด,
06:22
cats. I hope this video has made how to pronounce a plural noun more clear. That's it, and thanks
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์ข€ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์ง€๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
so much for using Rachel's English.
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Rachel์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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