Learn English Tenses: The Present Simple

154,082 views ใƒป 2021-01-12

Learn English with Bob the Canadian


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
(buzzing)
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(์œ™์œ™๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
00:05
(groans) I hate mosquitoes, I love pizza.
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(์‹ ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ) ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ๊ณ  ํ”ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„.
00:09
I walk every single day of the week.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋งค์ผ ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค.
00:13
Those are all sentences
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00:14
where I used the verb conjugation called the present simple.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Oddly enough, the present simple
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์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์€
00:20
is not used to talk about what you're doing right now,
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00:23
for that we use the present continuous
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:25
but the present simple is used to make general statements.
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ํ˜„์žฌํ˜• ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
You can say things like I teach in a school
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:32
or he works in a factory.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
In this English lesson I'm going to help you learn
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ
00:37
how to conjugate in the present simple
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ํ˜„์žฌํ˜• ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
00:39
and then I'll outline for you,
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00:41
I'll help you learn when you should use the present simple
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00:44
when you're speaking in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์„ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
(soft music)
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(๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์Œ์•…)
00:53
Well, hello and welcome to this English lesson
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์Œ, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ด ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:55
where I'm going to help you learn a little bit more
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00:57
about the present simple.
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.
00:59
Before we get started though,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
01:00
if this is your first time here,
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์ด๊ณณ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„
01:02
don't forget to click that red subscribe button
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ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:04
and give me a thumbs up if this video helps you learn
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€
01:06
just a little bit more English.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:08
Well, you're in luck.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šด์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ
01:09
The present simple is one of the easiest verb conjugations
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ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์€
01:12
to learn, especially if you're using I, you, we and they.
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ํŠนํžˆ I, you, we ๋ฐ they๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋™์‚ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
When you use those four subjects
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์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
01:20
you simply use the verb minus the to.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋นผ๊ธฐ to๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
So if you wanted to use the verb, to read,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ to read๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
01:26
you would say, I read, you read, we read and they read.
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I read, you read, we read and they read๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
If you wanted to use the verb to write,
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์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:31
you would simply say, I write, you write, we write
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ I write, you write, we write
01:34
and they write.
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and they write๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
So you can see when you're using I, you, we and they,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ I, you, we ๋ฐ they๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
01:39
it's very, very simple.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Things do change a bit though
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01:43
when you're using he or she and other nouns.
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๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Thankfully, most verbs simply take an S.
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๊ณ ๋ง™๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ S๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
So you can say things like he reads, she writes
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ he reads, she writes
01:53
or the dog barks.
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๋˜๋Š” the dog barks์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
But there are some verbs where things change a little bit.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Let's look at verbs like to try and to cry.
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to try ๋ฐ to cry์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Because they end in Y and they are preceded by a consonant,
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Y๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ์•ž์— ์ž์Œ์ด ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:07
you actually need to change the Y to an I E S.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ Y๋ฅผ I E S๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:10
So you end up saying things like he tries or she cries.
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.
02:15
For verbs that end in SS, X, SH, CH, Z or O,
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SS, X, SH, CH, Z ๋˜๋Š” O๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:20
you'll simply need to add an E S to the verb
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02:24
when you're conjugating it with he or she.
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ES๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
So you'll end up saying things like this, he passes,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
she fixes, he washes, she catches,
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02:34
the bee buzzes and he goes.
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.
02:36
You'll notice how I took the base verb
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
and I simply added ES to it
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋‚˜
02:41
when I was conjugating it with he or she.
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๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ES๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ถ™์˜€์ฃ . ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
02:44
Let's talk a little bit about when you should use
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
02:46
the present simple.
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.
02:47
I'm going to go over six different times
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02:50
when you should use the present simple in English speech.
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์˜์–ด ์Šคํ”ผ์น˜์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
The first is to talk about a repeated action.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”
02:57
When you talk about something that happens all the time
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์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
03:00
you would say things like this, I eat pizza on Fridays.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์— ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
I walk every day of the week.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค.
03:07
He plays video games at night.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐค์— ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
03:10
You'll notice that I use the present simple
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
03:13
but I also mentioned when that action was repeated.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ๋„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:17
It was either on Fridays, every day or at night.
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๊ธˆ์š”์ผ, ๋งค์ผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
So when you use the present simple
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:23
to talk about a repeated action,
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๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
03:26
you must mention when the action is taking place,
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๋™์ž‘์ด ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
03:29
when the repetition happens.
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์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
We also use the present simple
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:33
to express emotions or feelings that are always true.
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03:38
You'll hear people say things like this, I hate mosquitoes.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ด์š”. ์•„๊นŒ
03:42
You saw me swat a mosquito that was on my face earlier.
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๋‚ด ์–ผ๊ตด์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ดค์ž–์•„.
03:45
(buzzing)
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(์œ™์œ™)
03:48
(groans) I hate mosquitoes.
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(์‹ ์Œ) ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ด.
03:51
That was just pretend by the way.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ  ์ฒ™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
There's no mosquitoes in the winter but I hate mosquitoes.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ด์š”.
03:57
I love pizza.
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๋‚˜ ํ”ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„.
03:59
She likes dogs.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
In each of those sentences I'm using the present simple
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ
04:03
to express a feeling or emotion that is always true.
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๋Š๋‚Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:08
We also use the present simple to make statements of facts.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ง„์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:13
You can't see the moon during the day
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๋‚ฎ์—๋Š” ๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
04:14
but the moon orbits the earth.
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๋‹ฌ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
That is a statement of fact that uses the present simple.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
The river behind me flows South.
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๋‚ด ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์€ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
04:24
So it's another statement of fact.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
The river flows South, the moon orbits the earth.
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๊ฐ•์€ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
The river is not flowing very fast today though
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๊ฐ•์€
04:32
because it's actually frozen over.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์–ด์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
That's why it's so nice and white.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ์ธ์ง€ ํ•˜์–—๊ณ  ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
It's frozen and there's a little layer of snow on it.
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๊ฝ๊ฝ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์–ด ๋ˆˆ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์Œ“์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
We also use the present simple to talk about future events
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
04:43
that are going to be happening at a specific time.
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
I could say things like this,
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04:48
I'll leave for work tomorrow at seven,
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๋‚ด์ผ 7์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚ด์ผ
04:51
I start work tomorrow at nine,
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9์‹œ์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:53
the play starts next fall.
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์—ฐ๊ทน์€ ๋‚ด๋…„ ๊ฐ€์„์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
All of those sentences refer to something in the future
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰
05:00
at a specific time but I use the present simple
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
05:03
to talk about them.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
This is very common in English speech
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ํšŒํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ 
05:07
and it can be a little bit confusing.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
We also use the present simple in sentences
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
05:12
that also use one of the future tenses.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
We say things like this, I will buy gas before I leave.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
You'll notice the beginning of the sentence
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์€
05:22
is in the future, but the second part of the sentence
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
05:24
is in the present simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
We say things like, I will pack the car before I leave
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ
05:29
or he will eat breakfast before he runs the race.
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
Again, notice the structure there.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:35
You have the present simple
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ
05:37
as well as one of the future tenses.
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์™€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‹œ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
You can also flip these by the way.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
You can say, before I leave, I will buy gas
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:44
or before I leave, I will pack the car
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๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:47
or before he runs the race, he will eat breakfast.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
So in sentences that have the future tense,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š”
05:53
you can also have the present simple.
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ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•๋„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
We also use the present simple
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
05:58
when we're using what's called the zero conditional.
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0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
The zero conditional is when you use two phrases
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0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€
06:05
in the present simple to state a fact.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ง„์ˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
You say things like this, when I run, I sweat.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋•€์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
06:13
If you heat water, it boils.
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ์šฐ๋ฉด ๋“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
If you eat too much, you gain weight.
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๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ด์ด ์ฐ๋‹ค.
06:17
Sorry, that last one is making me laugh.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์›ƒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์—ฐํœด ๋™์•ˆ
06:19
'Cause I think that's what happened to me
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:21
over the Christmas break.
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.
06:22
So another time when you use the present simple
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
06:25
is when you are making a factual statement
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:28
using what's called the zero conditional.
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.
06:31
Let's talk a little bit about how to form the negative
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06:34
when using the present simple.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:36
In order to do this, you will need to use the verb to do
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด to do ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ
06:39
and you'll need to use the word not
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ํ•˜๊ณ  not ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
and you will form sentences like this.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
I do not love pizza.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
06:46
I do not like mosquitoes or he does not read.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
So you'll notice that we added the verb, to do
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€
06:53
conjugated properly with the subject of the sentence
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์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ do ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ
06:56
and then we added the word not,
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๋‹ค์Œ
06:58
between the verb to do and the verb that you are using.
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to do ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— not์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
You'll also need to use the verb to do
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ to do ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:05
when you're asking questions in the present simple.
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.
07:08
You'll ask questions like this, do you like pizza?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:12
Do you like mosquitoes?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:14
Or does he read?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:16
You'll notice that the question inverts the sentence.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
It has the verb at the beginning
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์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:22
and we start with the verb, to do.
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to do ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
So again, we would say things like, do you like pizza?
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”ผ์ž ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
07:27
Do you like mosquitoes?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:28
The answer's probably no and does he read?
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ
07:32
The best way to practice the present simple
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
07:34
is to write down a list of all of the things you like,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ์ ๊ณ ,
07:37
write down a list of all of your habits
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๋ชจ๋“  ์Šต๊ด€
07:40
and the things you do regularly.
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๊ณผ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ์ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
When you have an English conversation,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ,
07:44
those are very common things that you will be talking about.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:48
People often ask you about the things you like
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๊ณ 
07:51
and they often ask you about the things you do regularly.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
So knowing the present simple
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ 
07:56
and knowing how to answer those questions
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:57
would be a huge benefit for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Anyways, Bob the Canadian here,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์ธ ๋ฐฅ, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
08:01
thank you so much for watching this little lesson
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์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:03
on the present simple.
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.
08:04
If you are new here,
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์ฒ˜์Œ ์˜ค์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:06
please don't forget to click that subscribe button
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๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
08:08
and give me a thumbs up.
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์—„์ง€์ฒ™ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
And if you have a little bit more time,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:11
why don't you stick around and watch another video?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:13
(soft music)
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(๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์Œ์•…)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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