Improve Your English Fluency FAST | Reading & Listening Method with the News

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JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this learn English with the newsย  lesson we're going to read a scienceย ย 
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๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™
00:04
article together to help you improve yourย  English vocabulary, grammar, reading,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ๋…ํ•ด,
00:10
writing, listening, and of course yourย  speaking. Welcome back to JForrest English.
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์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Of course, I'm Jennifer nowย  let's get started. Our headline,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์€
00:19
how microplastics are infiltrating everythingย  you consume. First, let's review the verb toย ย 
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๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋จผ์ €, ๋™์‚ฌ '
00:27
infiltrate. Here you see it in the presentย  continuous because it's taking place now.
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์นจํˆฌํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
When something such as microplastics, tinyย  plastic particles infiltrate something else,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ, ์ฆ‰ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€
00:40
everything you consume, it means itย  enters or spreads into but often inย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:46
an unwanted or unexpected way. Now ofย  course you don't want microplastics inย ย 
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์›์น˜ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์นจํˆฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํผ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฌผ์— ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑด ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:52
your water. In this context, consumeย  means everything you eat or drink.
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. ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
But the verb to consume more broadly means to use.ย  I could say this computer consumes a lot of power,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ '์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š” '์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „๋ ฅ, ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:11
electricity. We commonly use consumeย  with resources such as energy, fuel,ย ย 
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. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ,
01:18
time, money. Here's a sentence you mightย  relate to Learning English consumes my
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์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž์›์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—
01:25
Weekends so it uses all your time and maybeย  your energy that could be another resource onย ย 
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์ฃผ๋ง์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜์–ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž์›์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
your weekends you can replace this whateverย  time reference you want consumes my nights,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์ฃผ๋ง์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜์–ด ๋ฐค์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜๊ณ ,
01:40
consumes my mornings, consumes all my time.ย  So if learning English consumes a lot ofย ย 
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์•„์นจ์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋˜๊ณ , ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ๋ชจ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ๋งŽ์€
01:47
your time or energy, put that'sย  me, that's me, put that's me in.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, that's me, that's me, put that's me๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:52
The comments and keep in mind this isn'tย  necessarily a bad thing, a negative thing,ย ย 
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:56
you could enjoy this and notice the grammarย  here. This is a gerund statement. It'sย ย 
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์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„์‚ฌํ˜• ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
02:01
a general statement. Now the subject inย  Jared's statements are conjugated as it,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ Jared์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” it์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
02:08
which is why we have this S. Itย  consumes my weekends. Don't worryย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด S๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ฃผ๋ง์„ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
about taking notes because I summarizeย  everything in a free lesson PDF. You can
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๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์—… PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:18
Find the link in the description. Now let'sย  continue with the article microplastics haveย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์นจํˆฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ์ฝ์–ด
02:24
infiltrated so notice here this is in whatย  vertense the present perfect so is a completedย ย 
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๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š”
02:31
past action, but there is a result in theย  present. The result is that we consume them, itย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋™์ž‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š”
02:38
affects the environment, so that's the result, theย  present perfect microplastics have infiltrated.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์นจํˆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Every part of the planet they have beenย  found buried so notice the pronunciationย ย 
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌปํžŒ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:51
here does not match the spelling buriedย  buried. So the pronunciation is justย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ buried๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒ ์ž์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ
02:58
like a strawberry or a blueberry berry, butย  then in the past simple buried. Now berry,ย ย 
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๋”ธ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ์—ด๋งค ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค(buryed)๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ . ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:06
of course, is when something isย  below the surface under dirt.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜, ํ™ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
They have been found buried in Antarctic sea iceย  within the guts of marine animals inhabiting theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ๊ทน ํ•ด๋น™์— ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ํ•ด๊ตฌ์— ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ ์†์—
03:20
deepest ocean trenches to inhabit means to liveย  in a place. It can describe humans, animals,ย ย 
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์„œ์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ธ๊ฐ„, ๋™๋ฌผ,
03:28
other plant species, even within the guts ofย  marine animals inhabiting the deepest ocean.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹๋ฌผ ์ข…์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
Trenches and in drinking water aroundย  the world, plastic pollution has beenย ย 
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ฐธํ˜ธ์™€ ์‹์ˆ˜์—์„œ
03:41
found on beaches of remote uninhabited. Soย  if inhabiting means to live in a place, thenย ย 
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๋ฌด์ธ๋„์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ inhabing์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:50
un makes it the opposite. So uninhabited meansย  that nobody is living on these islands. Another.
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un์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์ธ๋„๋ž€ ์ด ์„ฌ์— ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ.
03:59
Word for that would be deserted,ย  deserted, not desert, deserted,ย ย 
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” deserted, deserted๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ desert, deserted,
04:06
deserted. And notice the pronunciationย  here, island, island. So there's nos here,ย ย 
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deserted๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” , island, island. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'๊ฐ€
04:14
but to make it plural, you would pronounceย  that as islands, islands, islands, islands.
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์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด islands, islands, islands, islands๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
And it shows up, so it being plastic pollution,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์ง€๊ตฌ
04:29
it shows up in seawater samples across theย  planet. Here the phrasal verb is to show up,ย ย 
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์ „์—ญ์˜ ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์–ด๊ตฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” show up์œผ๋กœ,
04:37
which means to appear. So plastic pollutionย  appears in seawater samples. The phrase of verbย ย 
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๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ '
04:45
to show up is very commonly used. It alsoย  has more of the meaning of come, to come.
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๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ' ์˜ค๋‹ค', '์˜ค๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
So similar to appear to come, do youย  think she'll show up to the meeting?ย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์Šทํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์˜์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”?
05:00
Do you think she'll come to the meeting?ย  Do you think she'll show up? Or you mightย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์˜์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
05:04
ask how many people showed up last night?ย  How many people came last night? Are youย ย 
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์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด ์™”๋‚˜์š”?
05:11
enjoying this lesson? If you are, then I wantย  to tell you about the finally fluent academy.ย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
This is my premium training programย  where we study native English speaker.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
From TV, movies, YouTube, and the news so you canย  improve your listening skills of fast English,ย ย 
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TV, ์˜ํ™”, YouTube, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
05:30
expand your vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily. Plus you'llย ย 
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
05:37
have me as your personal coach. You can lookย  in the description for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:43
or you can go to my website andย  click on Findly fluent Academy.ย ย 
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์ €์˜ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ Findly fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:47
Now let's continue with our lesson. Butย  they aren't just ubiquitous in water.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ์†์—์„œ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
What is the they? Well, we always want toย  look to what our last subject is often weย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:59
have to remind ourselves and our last subjectย  was actually plastic pollution, which is it,ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
so that doesn't match. So we know that theyย  represents microplastics in a situation like this,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:15
it would be best to say but microplastics becauseย  it isn't actually the last subject mentioned.
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๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
So that's just something to keep in mind you canย  replace your noun with the pronoun just make sureย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‹จ์ง€
06:31
it's known, but they microplastics aren't justย  ubiquitous in water ubiquitous means found orย ย 
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์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์€ ๋ฌผ ์†์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
06:38
existing everywhere we commonly use this withย  things in our daily lives. Cell phones are ofย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ ์†์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”๋Š”
06:46
course ubiquitous. Perhaps we can say chatย  GBT is becoming ubiquitous in the workplace.
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์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ GBT ์ฑ„ํŒ…์ด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
So this is in progress now simply because it'sย  a new technology you could argue Chachi BT hasย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Chachi BT๊ฐ€
07:00
become ubiquitous or is ubiquitous so youย  can use to be ubiquitous become is thatย ย 
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๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋˜์–ด์„œ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ™˜์ด
07:07
transition from not to so what do you think?ย  Is it becoming or has it already become? Butย ย 
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์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:15
they aren't just ubiquitous in water, theyย  are spread widely in soils on land too.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ ์†์—๋งŒ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์œก์ง€์˜ ํ† ์–‘์—๋„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
And can even end up in the food we eat.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์—๋„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
The phrase of verb end up is also very commonlyย  used by native speakers is definitely one of theย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ end up์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ
07:34
most common phrase of verbs in my vocabulary. Nowย  it is used to say to be in a particular place,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์–ดํœ˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ, ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ,
07:42
situation, or condition, but to finallyย  be. So it's really talking about theย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”
07:47
end result. Now the end result can beย  unexpected or unintentional as well.
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. ์ด์ œ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜๋„์น˜ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
So often it's not planned from the beginning soย  it wasn't planned to put microplastics in the soilย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ํ† ์–‘์— ๋„ฃ๋„๋ก ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:03
they ended up there. Now in an everyday situationย  it's very common to ask someone, oh, what did youย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ† ์–‘์— ์Œ“์ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ "์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๋ญ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฑด ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
end up doing last night? Now you can ask someoneย  what did you do last night, but if you say.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:17
What did you end up doing last night? Itย  sounds like you previously talked to thatย ย 
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์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด์ „์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ
08:22
person and they had a few differentย  things that they were considering,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
so you want to know which one did youย  choose? So which particular place orย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์–ด๋–ค ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜
08:34
situation or condition did you finallyย  end up in, finally found yourself in?
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์ƒํ™ฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:40
Now you can reply back and simply sayย  I stayed home, or you can say I endedย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ต์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์„œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ' ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ '
08:45
up staying home. Now up is a preposition, soย  you need to use the Jain verb after. That'sย ย 
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์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ up์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ Jain ๋™์‚ฌ after๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
why before I said I stayed home in theย  past simple, I ended up staying home andย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ฉด์„œ
09:00
reviewing my weekly J For English lesson.ย  So it sounds like you made this decision.
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์ฃผ๊ฐ„ J For English ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
09:06
At the last minute or maybe unexpectedly,ย  unintentionally you didn't plan it inย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์˜๋„ ์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ
09:11
advance and you were considering otherย  things as well so perfecting this phrasalย ย 
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๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์–ด๊ตฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ
09:17
verb may consume your weekend, butย  trust me it's worth it because it isย ย 
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์ฃผ๋ง์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฏฟ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์–ด๊ตฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:23
such a common phrasal verb and it willย  help you sound very natural. OK, let'sย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„,
09:27
continue unwittingly, mm, do you know what thisย  means? This means without knowing or planning.
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๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž, ์Œ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„? ์ด๋Š” ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํš๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
So we may be consuming remember eatingย  or drinking tiny fragments of plasticย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค ์ž…๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
microplastics with almost every bite we takeย  but of course we're not doing this on purposeย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
we're not planning to do this we might notย  even know we're doing this so that's theย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
09:54
unwittingly. You can also put unwittinglyย  before your verb because it's an adverb,ย ย 
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๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ(unwittingly)๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ
10:01
but it is commonly found at theย  beginning of the sentence to.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
Introduce the sentence. Now notice this use ofย  this modal verb. It's important because we mayย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด,
10:12
be this just means there's a chance it couldย  be a 50% chance, 60% chance we don't know,ย ย 
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50%์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  60%์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
10:21
but we may be consuming. It isn't guaranteedย  it's just a possibility or a chance and rememberย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์šฐ์—ฐ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณด์žฅ์€ ์—†๊ณ ,
10:28
grammatically it's modal plus base verb. I seeย  a lot of mistakes with this modal plus base.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
Surp the backlash against single useย  plastics. So single use plastics,ย ย 
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์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ, ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ
10:41
you may know what this means because it's veryย  common in the news these days. It's a plasticย ย 
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์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:47
bag that you use once and then you throw itย  away. That's a single use plastic, so it's notย ย 
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋‹๋ด‰์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด์—์š”.
10:56
a reusable plastic. Now, let's look at this,ย  the backlash, the backlash against something.
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์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
Backlash this is a noun it representsย  negativity and criticism and publicย ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ, ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜
11:13
negativity and criticism now noticeย  against something let's review this exampleย ย 
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๋ถ€์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
11:19
the company received a lot of backlash so rememberย  backlash is a noun it's commonly used with.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
The verb to receive but in this case it couldย  be a company or a person or a policy even theย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
company received a lot of backlash receivedย  a lot of criticism or opposition when theย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
public found out phrase a verb, which meansย  discovered, when the company found out itย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
11:51
doesn't recycle it being the companyย  doesn't recycle now using the style.
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์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Of speech here I could take thisย  sentence and change it to the backlash,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ, ์ฆ‰
12:04
the opposition criticism against the companyย  for not recycling. This is the reason whyย ย 
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์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋น„ํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
12:12
the company received backlash. So the backlashย  against the company for not recycling caused it.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
to plummet. So this part is not inย  the first sentence. So caused is theย ย 
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๊ธ‰๋ฝํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃผ์‹์ด ๋ฐœํ–‰๋œ
12:27
reason why it's stock, so the shares ofย  the company that are publicly traded inย ย 
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์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜
12:34
the stock market caused its stockย  to plummet, to decline sharply.
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์ฃผ์‹์ด ํญ๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
So a large decline and it happened quickly. Thatย  is the word plummet, which is commonly used withย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํฐ ํ•˜๋ฝ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ ์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” 'ํญ๋ฝ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:48
the stock market. Backlash is a very commonย  term you'll hear in the news. Let's continueย ย 
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. ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์€ ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
the backlash against single use plastics.ย  So now it's not a specific company, it's
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์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ œ ํŠน์ • ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:01
The actual plastics that are receiving a lot ofย  public criticism and opposition has seen manyย ย 
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋น„ํŒ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€
13:08
companies seeking to use alternatives,ย  alternatives to single use plastics,ย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ, ์ƒ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ํ‡ด๋น„ํ™”๊ฐ€
13:15
alternatives that claim to be moreย  biodegradable or compostable, but inย ย 
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๋” ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
13:21
some cases these alternatives may actuallyย  be compounding the microplastic problem.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
So compounding means it gets bigger and biggerย  and bigger and bigger gradually over timeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณตํ•ฉํ™”๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
so the problem being the microplastics problemย  so that gets bigger and bigger and bigger evenย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
though alternatives may seem to be betterย  but because there are other issues with them.
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๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
But again, notice the use ofย  this modal may be these areย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š”
13:59
important words to notice because itย  changes the meaning it takes us fromย ย 
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14:03
a factual statement to just somethingย  that is a possibility but not fact. Soย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์  ์ง„์ˆ ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ• 
14:10
it's very important to notice modals whenย  understanding the meaning of something.
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๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์„ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:17
And again, remember modal plus base verb,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:20
even though it's separated by actually,ย  we still need modal plus base verb.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด
14:27
Let's continue. Research has found that bagsย  labeled as biodegradable can take years toย ย 
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๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ƒ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:34
disintegrate. So if something disintegrates, itย  goes from it it's whole piece, so a whole bag,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์ฒด ์กฐ๊ฐ, ์ฆ‰ ์ „์ฒด ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
14:44
and then it breaks down until it is nothing untilย  there's nothing left that would be disintegrate.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ ธ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋ถ•๊ดด๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
So it can take years to disintegrateย  and even then they mostly break downย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋•Œ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„
14:56
into smaller pieces rather than theirย  component chemical parts so this is theย ย 
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋Œ€์‹  ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
15:03
reason why the alternatives may be compoundingย  the problem, making it worse because they don't.
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๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
Fully disintegrate, go to zero. Now here thisย  use of break down into smaller pieces is theย ย 
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์–ด 0์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š”
15:23
definition of disintegrate. So notice thisย  phrase of verb to break down. So you takeย ย 
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๋ถ„ํ•ด์˜ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
15:28
something that's whole and then it separatesย  into smaller and smaller and smaller pieces.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:37
This meaning of breakdown is commonlyย  used as advice to someone who has aย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
15:43
large problem or a large challenge or evenย  a large goal such as becoming fluent thatย ย 
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ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํฐ ๊ณผ์ œ ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์–ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
15:50
is such a big goal it may be difficultย  to stay motivated to work toward it butย ย 
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปค์„œ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
15:56
if you just break it down so you take theย  whole piece and you turn it into smaller.
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๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Pieces and then you can focus just on increasingย  your vocabulary to the most common 500 words,ย ย 
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์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ 500๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๊ทธ
16:11
then 1000 words, then the 5 most commonย  verb tenses, then the more advanced idioms,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” 1000๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ 5๊ฐœ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ, ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
so you just focus on one part atย  a time. So I gave the example,ย ย 
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
16:23
let's break the problem downย  or let's break the goal down.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
16:28
And focus on one aspect at a time so this is oftenย  offered to advice to someone who feels overwhelmedย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š”
16:37
by something so large a problem, a project, aย  goal just break it down, just break it down,ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ, ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋“ฑ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ์••๋„๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข…์ข… ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:45
swapping out plastic packaging for glass, soย  to swap out means to replace one thing with.
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ํฌ์žฅ์„ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๊ต์ฒดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
Another so you take your plastic and thenย  you replace it with glass. That would be toย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
16:59
swap out. So if you are following a recipe andย  you don't have any milk, you might swap it outย ย 
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๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ ˆ์‹œํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ฒด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:08
for an alternative. So that would commonlyย  be used in baking or in following a recipe.
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น์ด๋‚˜ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
Swapping out plastic packaging for glass couldย  potentially help to reduce exposure. So inย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ํฌ์žฅ์„ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ํฌ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
17:24
this case exposure is how you come in contactย  with microplastics through what you consume.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋…ธ์ถœ์ด๋ž€ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์— ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
The food you eat and the beverages you drink,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋Š”
17:38
but notice this use of could potentially againย  these models tell us this isn't a fact yet,ย ย 
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
17:46
it is just a possibility. So again weย  have modal could help but potentially.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
Makes it sound again just more like a possibility,ย  not a fact, but it would also have environmentalย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:03
repercussions. So repercussions, these areย  negative consequences or negative impacts.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์ด๋ž€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
Of something often parents say to kids,ย  your actions have repercussions, meaningย ย 
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์ข…์ข… ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰๋™์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
18:18
when you do something there could be negativeย  impacts or effects because of that action.
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์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
So in this case, the repercussions, the negativeย  effects are on the environment and notice here,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ ์—ฌํŒŒ, ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€
18:34
but it would also have environmentalย  repercussions as glass has a higherย ย 
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์œ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
18:40
environmental footprint than plastic. Footprintย  means the lasting effect. So the environmentalย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์—ฌํŒŒ๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ
18:50
footprint is the impact on the environment onย  the environment over a longer period of time.
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๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
And this uses the modal wood it would have anย  environmental or environmental repercussions.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
So in this case it's presenting the repercussionsย  as a fact, but it's a hypothetical situation. Soย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
19:15
these repercussions will only happen if plasticย  is swapped out for glass, so this situation.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ต์ฒด๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:26
This situation isn't a fact, it'sย  a hypothetical, but the impact,ย ย 
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ€์ •์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
19:33
the environmental repercussionsย  are offered as being a fact.
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๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด
19:41
Let's continue. Fortunately, oh, some good news.ย  I know what follows will be positive becauseย ย 
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๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ์˜ค, ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
19:48
fortunately is used to introduce somethingย  positive. Fortunately, there is some hope.
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ 'Fatally'๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š” . ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
Researchers are developing a number ofย  approaches to help get rid of the plasticย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
20:03
pollution in our environment. If you get ridย  of something, then you remove it permanently,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์—†์• ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋ฉด ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด๊ณ , ์ด ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋ฉด
20:12
you delete it in the context of a computerย  if I were to get rid of this text.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:19
I deleted it. I just got rid of it.ย  If I wanted to get rid of this shirt,ย ย 
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์‚ญ์ œํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ์ด ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
20:25
I would give it to Goodwill where clothes areย  recycled because you don't want to throw itย ย 
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์˜ท์„ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฟ์œŒ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
20:31
in the garbage that creates waste,ย  right? So I can give it to someoneย ย 
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์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”, ๋งž์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋ฉด
20:37
else and then it is no longer mine. Soย  that's how you get rid of something.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
20:45
And in this case they are developingย  a number of approaches, so a number ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
20:52
it is many or some. So if you say I haveย  a number of tasks to do, it means I haveย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
21:02
some tasks or many tasks. Just rememberย  that the noun that follows this is plural.
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์ผ์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‚˜ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:10
Because it means so many there'sย  more than one developing a numberย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•œ ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:15
of approaches to help get rid ofย  permanently removed the plasticย ย 
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21:20
pollution in our environment. One approachย  has been to turn the fungi, so notice here,ย ย 
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. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ
21:26
fungi, this is the plural of fungus.ย  Fungus is 1 and then fungi is 2 or more.
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๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋Š” ๊ท ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋Š” 1์ด๊ณ , ๊ท ๋ฅ˜๋Š” 2 ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
There are actually a lot of funny shirtsย  and jokes about this word because theย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ์…”์ธ ์™€ ๋†๋‹ด์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
21:42
pronunciation is fun guy, fun guy. Soย  there's a lot of jokes with this. Youย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋†๋‹ด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
21:48
might see it sometime and wonderย  why this is on someone's shirt.
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์™œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์…”์ธ ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
OK, it has been turned to fungi and bacteria thatย  feed on plastic, breaking it down, so remember toย ย 
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์™€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ  , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
22:01
break something down so we take the the plasticย  and the fungi and bacteria they cause it to goย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๊ณผ ๊ณฐํŒก์ด, ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ
22:11
into smaller parts. So that would be breaking itย  down in the process. A species of beetle larvae.
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๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ ์œ ์ถฉ์˜ ์ผ์ข….
22:20
So here larvae is the irregularย  plural of larva and you have the egg,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์œ ์ถฉ์€ ์œ ์ถฉ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ณ  ์•Œ์€
22:29
so the egg for the beetleย  and then the beetle hatches,ย ย 
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๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•Œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํ™”
22:33
but it's not a developed beetle. So it'sย  in between being an egg and a full beetleย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋œ ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•Œ๊ณผ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ
22:42
that describes larva, the larva stage ofย  certain species such as beetles. Remember.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ์ข…์˜ ์œ ์ถฉ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ธ ์œ ์ถฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋‹ค.
22:50
This is the irregular pluralย  larvae, the singular is larva,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ธ ์œ ์ถฉ(larvae)์ด๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ์œ ์ถฉ(larva)์œผ๋กœ, ํด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ Œ์„
22:55
a species of beetle larvae that can devourย  polystyrene. So devour means to eat a largeย ย 
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๋จน์–ด์น˜์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ ์œ ์ถฉ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'devour'๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
23:04
quantity of or to eat something fully andย  completely usually in a short period of time.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
So if you're really hungry you might say,ย  oh I could devour a hamburger right nowย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ' ์•„, ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ํ–„๋ฒ„๊ฑฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ
23:20
so you can use it more hyperbolically inย  that sense, but in this case it's more ofย ย 
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๋กœ ๊ณผ์žฅํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ , ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
23:27
a literal meaning now to be honest,ย  I don't know what polystyrene is I.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ Œ์ด ๋ญ”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š”
23:33
I assume it's some sort of chemical thatย  is found in plastic perhaps just based onย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:40
the context of this. So the beetleย  larvae that can devour polystyrene,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ Œ์„ ๋จน์–ด์น˜์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ ์œ ์ถฉ์€
23:46
eat a large amount of it or in a short period ofย  time, has also offered another potential solution.
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์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž ์žฌ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:54
Again, this use of potential, itย  isn't a proven solution yet. It isย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์€ ์•„์ง ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ์†”๋ฃจ์…˜์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
24:00
a potential solution. So that word is important.
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ฃ . ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด
24:04
Let's continue. Others are looking at using waterย  filtration techniques or chemical treatments thatย ย 
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๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์—ฌ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
24:12
can remove microplastics so again they'reย  offering this as another potential solution.ย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž ์žฌ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
Others I assume means other researchers orย  maybe even other companies are doing this.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:27
And let's review this phrasal verb to look atย  something. This means you're considering it orย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์–ด๊ตฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
24:34
exploring it as an option, and this is our verbย  look conjugated in the present continuous. We haveย ย 
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์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ look์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:42
our preposition ads, so that's why your next verbย  is in the ING form. Here's an example that might.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ING ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:49
resonate with you. I'm looking at ways toย  expand my vocabulary. So I'm considering,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
24:56
I'm exploring different ways, different options.ย  I'm looking at and it's in progress now so that'sย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๊ธฐ
25:04
why it's in the present continuance. So theย  something is ways to expand my vocabulary.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ์†์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์žฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‚ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋„“ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
25:12
And then maybe you add on so far,ย  learning English with the news hasย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
25:16
been the most effective method. And thinkย  of everything that you've learned today,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
25:22
so hopefully you do find this an effective method,ย  and that's the end of the article. So what I'll
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ๋งˆ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€
25:28
do now is I'll read the article so youย  can also improve your pronunciation at theย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:33
same time as your vocabulary and we've alsoย  discussed a lot of grammar as well. So I'llย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
25:39
read the article now. How microplasticsย  are infiltrating everything you consume.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •.
25:45
Microplastics have infiltrated every partย  of the planet. They've been found buriedย ย 
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๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜
25:50
in Antarctic sea ice within the guts ofย  marine animals inhabiting the deepestย ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ํ•ด๊ตฌ์— ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‚ด์žฅ
25:56
ocean trenches and in drinking water aroundย  the world. Plastic pollution has been foundย ย 
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๊ณผ ๋‚จ๊ทน ํ•ด๋น™์— ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ด์ง€
26:02
on beaches of remote uninhabited islands, and itย  shows up in seawater samples across the planet.
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์•Š๋Š” ์™ธ๋”ด ์„ฌ์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:09
But they aren't just ubiquitous in water.ย  They are spread widely in soils on land too,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ์†์—์„œ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œก์ง€์˜ ํ† ์–‘์—๋„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
26:15
and can even end up in theย  food we eat. Unwittingly,ย ย 
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹์—๋„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ
26:19
we may be consuming tiny fragments ofย  plastic with almost every bite we take.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค ์ž…๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž‘์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:25
The backlash against single useย  plastics has seen many companiesย ย 
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์ผํšŒ์šฉ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
26:29
seeking to use alternatives that claimย  to be more biodegradable or compostable,ย ย 
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์ƒ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ํ‡ด๋น„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋” ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
26:35
but in some cases these alternatives mayย  actually be compounding the microplastic problem.ย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฒด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:41
Research has found that bags labeledย  as biodegradable can take years to.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ƒ๋ถ„ํ•ด์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์•ผ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:46
Integrate and even then they mostly breakย  down into smaller pieces rather than theirย ย 
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ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:52
component chemical parts. Swapping out plasticย  packaging for glass could potentially help toย ย 
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. ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ํฌ์žฅ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ํฌ์žฅ์žฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
26:58
reduce exposure, but it would also haveย  environmental repercussions as glass hasย ย 
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์œ ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:03
a higher environmental footprintย  than plastic. Fortunately there.
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. ๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
27:08
Some hope. Researchers are developing aย  number of approaches to help get rid ofย ย 
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ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:12
the plastic pollution in our environment.ย  One approach has been to turn to fungi andย ย 
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. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€
27:18
bacteria that feed on plastic, breaking itย  down in the process. A species of beetleย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์™€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:23
larvae that can devour polystyrene hasย  also offered another potential solution.
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ํด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ Œ์„ ๋จน์–ด์น˜์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ ์œ ์ถฉ ์ข…๋„ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž ์žฌ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:30
Others are looking at using waterย  filtration techniques or chemicalย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
27:34
treatments that can remove microplastics.ย ย 
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๋ฏธ์„ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์—ฌ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ
27:37
Do you want to keep learning English withย  the news? If you do put let's go, let's goย ย 
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ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด 'let's go, let's go'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
27:41
put let's go in the comments. And of course makeย  sure you like this lesson, share it with your.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— 'let's go'๋ฅผ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
27:46
Friends and subscribe so you're notifiedย  every time I post a new lesson, and youย ย 
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์นœ๊ตฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
27:50
can get this free speaking guide whereย  I share 6 tips on how to speak Englishย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:54
fluently and confidently. You can clickย  here to download it or look for the linkย ย 
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
27:58
in the description. And here's anotherย  lesson I know you'll love. Watch it now.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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