1 HOUR ENGLISH LESSON - Do You Know These Confusing English Words? (Advanced English Vocabulary)

Are you ready for this one hour  English lesson? In this lesson,  

you're going to learn the most confusing words  in English. Now, because this lesson is long,  

it's divided into separate sections where you'll  learn one set of confusing words. And then you can  

take a break if you need and continue on with the  next. Welcome back to JForrest English training.  

Of course, I'm Jennifer, and this is your place  to become a fluent confident English speaker.  

Let's get started. First, let's talk about  the difference between sympathy and empathy.  

So let's give a scenario, let's imagine that  your friend Ted just lost his job. So this  

could be a situation a negative situation where  you want to give some sympathy, or some empathy.  

So if you want to give Ted sympathy, you're  going to say something like, Ah, I'm sorry to  

hear that are off, that's too bad. That really  sucks. So you're gonna say those words to Ted.  

But then you're gonna go on with the rest of  your day, you're going to be happy, you're  

going to have fun, you're going to do whatever,  and you're not really going to think about Ted  

and his situation anymore. Because sympathy is at  the surface level, okay? A situation happens to a  

friend or colleague, a co worker, a family member,  or someone you know. And then you just use your  

words to offer some words of support words,  a comfort, and then you go on with your day.  

What is empathy though, empathy is deeper. Empathy  is about emotion. Empathy isn't really about  

words, empathy is about trying to understand  the emotion that TED is feeling. So trying to  

either imagine what 10 must be feeling right  now. Because he just lost his job, the stress,  

he must be feeling, the insecurity, the  frustration, the anger, the lack of confidence,  

whatever emotions, that Ted's feeling, you want to  understand them, but you want to almost take those  

emotions on and you feel those emotions. So even  though Ted lost his job, you feel the pain of Ted  

losing his job. And by doing that, you're able to  offer more comfort and more support to Ted because  

you truly want to understand what it feels like.  Now, because of that, empathy is really not about  

words, empathy is about emotion. So how could you  show Ted that you have empathy for his situation?  

Well, you might sit beside 10 on the couch, and  just put your arm around him or give him a hug.  

Or maybe you show your emotion by even having  some tears in your eyes, as Ted is telling you  

about how he lost his job and how he's not sure  how he's going to pay his mortgage. You You don't  

say anything, but you show Ted that you understand  what he's going through, because you might have  

some visible tears in your eyes, or you put your  hand on his shoulder on his knee, or you just sit  

there silently and allow the emotion to be present  that empathy. Empathy is at a much deeper level.  

And then when you leave, so you say goodbye to  Ted, okay, and then you go home. And even though  

TED is in his home, and you're in your home, you  still feel it, you still feel the emotion, you're  

still a little bit sad yourself that empathy.  It's way deeper of an emotion. So to summarize,  

sympathy is about offering words of comfort, but  it's step one, offering the words of comfort. And  

then you offer those words of comfort and then  you just go about your day go about your life  

as normal. Empathy is about taking it further and  is no longer about words. It's about emotions, and  

is trying to understand what someone is feeling  or the situation that they're going through at  

a deeper level so you can offer support to that  person. So that's the difference between sympathy  

and empathy. As these are more concepts, we don't  really use them in sentences. So I know I usually  

ask you to practice in the Senate and practice  in the comments below. However, you might not  

really be able to practice sentences using these  words. So because of that, maybe you can just talk  

about a scenario where you might want to offer  someone sympathy and then a scenario where you  

want to offer someone empathy. Or you can think  back to a time in your life where you did offer  

someone's sympathy, and then someone empathy. So  maybe you can just talk about those scenarios more  

to practice using these expressions. Amazing job,  let's move on and look at the difference between  

relate to and related to. So first, let's talk  about how to use to relate to something. When  

you relate to something, it means you understand  a situation or you understand someone's feelings.  

And the reason why you understand that situation  or someone's feelings is because you've had a  

similar experience, you've experienced it  yourself. And because of that you understand  

the situation or how someone feels. So let's  say your coworker comes up to you and says,  

Oh, this project is really stressing me out. Now,  imagine that in the past, you were on that exact  

same project. And you experienced stress, when  you were on that project, you've had the same  

experience. Because of that, you can just say, I  can relate to that. I can relate to that. And what  

is the that? Well, the that is feeling stressed  out on the project, you've experienced the exact  

same feelings that your coworker is experiencing  now. And because you can relate to that, you can  

probably have a different conversation, you can  have a more in depth conversation, or maybe you  

can share some tips and advice, because you've had  that same experience. Here's a great example I saw  

on you glish, we can all relate to having doubt  or feeling insecure about certain things, right?  

And you agree with that, right? You can relate to  having doubt, you can relate to feeling insecure.  

If I asked you can you relate to that? I'm asking  you, have you ever experienced that in your life?  

And if you've never experienced doubt, and you've  never experienced insecurity, well, then you're  

not human? Right? Because we've all experienced  it. Right? Of course we have it's a human emotion,  

we experience all emotions, negative and positive.  Now why might you see something like this? Well,  

likely because you want to connect to whoever  you're talking to. If a student is coming to me,  

and telling me how insecure they feel about using  their English in public, I can let them know that  

I can relate to that. And if the student feels  like, oh, Jennifer has experienced this as well,  

then they might be more open to hearing the advice  I have to share. Or they might just feel closer to  

me more connected to me, because we've had that  same experience. So that's how we feel connected  

to each other is through shared experiences,  right? So it's really powerful to try to relate  

to somebody's experience, or to let them know that  you can relate to what they're feeling or what  

they're experiencing right now. Now, notice and  are you glish example. What do you notice about  

the verb we have relate to, and then what do you  notice relate to relate to having and notice it's  

also relate to feeling. Both of our verbs are in  the jaren. This is a gerund expression when you  

want to use a verb next, I can relate to feeling  having wanting missing needing whatever verb your  

have nice is going to be in the gerund. So make  sure you pay attention to that when you're forming  

your sentences. Now let's talk about to be related  to someone. When you're related to someone it  

means that they are a family member. They're part  of your family, you share the same blood genes  

DNA, you come from the same family, even if it's  a great, great, great, great, great aunt or uncle,  

even if it's a very distant family member,  you're still related to them to be related  

to someone. So let's say your friend invites you  to their family reunion. And at a family reunion,  

everybody is going to be related, right? Well,  not everybody, because of course, other people  

could bring friends or people they're just dating,  for example, they're not related to them. That's  

a very important point. You're not related to your  spouse, the person you're married to, because that  

would mean you share the same DNA and genes and  blood. And that's just a little creepy, right? No,  

you're not related to your spouse, you're married  to them. You're part of their family, but you're  

not relatives. You're not blood relatives, right?  You're related to your mother, father, brother,  

sister, and uncle, grandmother, grandfather,  and cousins. And then the second, the third,  

the extended family as well down the family  tree, but you're not related to the person you're  

married to. So you're at this family reunion with  your friends. And as you're meeting new people,  

of course, you're going to ask your friend Oh,  how are you related to that person? How are you  

related to Frank? Oh, he's my second cousin.  How are you related to Mary? Oh, she's my aunt.  

How are you related to Jim? Oh, actually, I'm  not related to him. He's married to my aunt,  

because you're not related to your aunt's husband,  right? Because you're not in the same blood line,  

the same DNA, the same genes as your aunt's  husband? Yes, the husband is part of your family,  

but you're not directly related to them. Okay,  so there is a difference between someone in your  

family and then being related to someone. So as  you can see, there's a big difference between when  

you relate to something or you relate to someone's  feelings, and you are related to someone. So  

there's that difference in sentence structure,  because it's to be related with the IDI to be  

related to, but then there's a huge difference  in the meaning as well. When you can relate to  

someone's feelings, you understand their feelings,  because you've experienced the same thing. And  

when you're related to someone, they you share  the same DNA, the same blood, the same genes,  

they're a member of your blood family. So now you  know how to use relate to someone's feelings and  

to be related to someone. So it's your turn to  practice, I want you to leave two examples in  

the comments below. Amazing job. Let's keep going  with the difference between either and neither,  

I want to make this explanation real easy for you.  And by the end of the video, you'll feel confident  

using either and neither in sentences. This is  definitely an area I see lots of mistakes with,  

but not just with non native English speakers. I  see this with my friends with my colleagues with  

native English speakers as well. So don't worry  too much about this. But I will make it easy for  

you to remember. Now before we go any further,  I just want you to know that the pronunciation  

is flexible. So you can say neither neither  either either, okay, there's no difference.  

I might even change them throughout the video.  If I do, there's no difference at all. I tend to  

use either and neither and that's generally what I  hear being used in North America. With that said,  

let's talk about the difference between either and  neither. And let's start with either in terms of  

structure is going to be either noun or noun.  And we use this structure when we're choosing  

between two options is really important. That  is only two options. We don't use it with three,  

and we don't use it with four we use it with  two options. Let's take a look at an example.  

either Mike, or John will help you. So as you can  see, we have our structure either now, or now,  

right? Now in terms of meaning, both of these  situations are possible, it's possible that Mike  

will help you, it's possible that John will help  you. Now, it's important to know that it's only  

one person that will help you in the end. So in  the end, you will have Mike, or John, either Mike,  

or John will help you. So let's take a moment and  practice now that we know how to form a sentence  

using either or so pause the video if you need  think of an example. Remember, the structure is  

either noun, or noun, and then the rest of your  sentence. So think about what your sentence is,  

and then put it in the comments below. Now, before  we move on, let's talk about different sentence  

structures using either now it's definitely  possible that the nouns Mike And John, in this  

scenario, the nouns have already been identified.  Okay. And if that's the case, there are some other  

sentence structures that you can use. In fact,  there are three possibilities, they mean exactly  

the same thing. So let's say that our nouns have  already been identified. So I could say, Mike  

and John are in the office today. So we already  set the context that Mike and John are nouns,  

right? I don't need to repeat that information. So  I can say, Mike and John are in the office today.  

Either one will help you notice here, either  one, okay, of course, either one. One is Mike,  

and one is John, I don't need to repeat those  nouns because I said them at the beginning part  

of my sentence. In this case, I can simply  say, either one will help you. Now remember,  

I said there's three different choices of sentence  structure. I can also say either one of them will  

help you. So notice here, I'm just adding of  them. Of course, the them is Mike And John,  

you got this, right. Okay, our third choice  is, I could say either of them will help you.  

So what am I doing different here? In  this case, I'm simply dropping the one,  

right. So all three of these choices mean exactly  the same thing. You can use them interchangeably,  

there's no difference at all. Remember,  these three choices are used when the nouns  

have already been identified. So now I'll take a  second, take your example that you already use,  

and change it. So you identify the nouns first,  and then follow this structure. Remember,  

you have three different choices. So practice  using all three and put your practice examples  

in the comments. Now, let's talk about neither,  the thing you need to remember is that neither  

is negative. So I think it's really easy to  remember that it's negative, because neither  

starts with an N and negative starts with an N. So  you can just have that association in your brain,  

right? Neither negative neither negative en en.  So that's an easy way to remember it. So think  

of it as the exact same as either, but we use  it in the negative. So instead of saying that  

both choices are available and possible, like  we did with either, we're using neither to deny  

those two choices, okay? They're not available.  Now. There's one important change that we need  

to make and this change is definitely something  that native English speakers forget all wat okay.  

But that change is we have to say neither now. Do  you know what I'm gonna say next? Do you put it  

in the comments if you do, neither noun, no more,  no more. Now. Now, again, I think this should be  

easy for you to remember because you just put an  N in front of all Are right nor nor en negative,  

neither negative. So use that brain Association,  I think it will be really easy for you to remember  

it that way. Neither Nor. Okay. So let's take our  original example with either and put it in the  

negative with neither. So pause the video, think  about that and put it in the comments. What would  

our original example be with neither, huh? Put it  in the comments. Of course, it would be neither  

Mike nor John will help you. I don't know why they  won't help you. But they won't. Because remember,  

neither is negative. So we're saying those two  choices are not available. So you can think of  

it as you have two choices. Right? John? And Mike,  John won't help you. Mike won't help you. Neither  

Mike nor John will help you. Now the same three  different sentence structures that we saw with  

either are exactly the same for neither. So in  that case, it's really easy. We just change either  

to neither, but remember, it's negative, neither  negative. So pause the video, think about what our  

original examples were with either, and put them  in the comments with neither did you get them in  

the comments? Hopefully you did. So remember,  we need to put the context and identify our  

nouns. So I could still say, Mike and John are  in the office, they can still be in the office,  

but they're just not willing to help you. Okay,  so Mike and John are in the office, neither one  

will help you. Right? Neither one will help you.  What are the two other choices? But them in the  

comments? Neither one of them will help you. Or  our third choice. Neither of them will help you.  

Not very nice, Mike And John, are they?  Okay? So by now you feel really comfortable  

with either and neither, right? But let me  give you one more scenario before you go,  

because it's an important one. And this is an area  that I see native English speakers make mistakes  

with. Okay, so let's imagine you're talking  to your friend, and they just randomly say,  

I don't speak French. I don't speak French.  Okay, I don't negative I don't speak French. Now,  

how can we answer this using neither? Huh? I  don't speak French. What would I say as my answer?  

Neither do I. Neither do I. Because it's negative.  I don't speak French. So I'm matching my answer  

with neither because neither is negative. Okay.  Neither do I. Now, there's a casual, a more casual  

and formal way that native English speakers answer  that. And we simply say, me neither. Me neither.  

That's a little more of a casual way. But I say it  all the time. Neither do I is you know the formal  

way. Me neither. I don't speak French mean either.  I don't speak French. Neither do I. Now, I don't  

want to confuse you. But it is possible to answer  this with either, but it's not that common. Okay.  

But I just want you to know that as possible.  I don't speak French. How can I answer this  

with either? Huh? Do you know? If you do put it in  the comments, bonus points. If you know this one,  

put it in the comments. If I wanted to answer with  either to a negative, I would have to make either  

negative. Okay. I would have to say, I don't speak  French. I don't either. I don't either. I don't  

speak French. I don't either. In this case,  there's only one possible answer. So that's  

definitely a possibility. It's just not as common  as saying Me neither. Neither do I. But remember,  

negative statement. You use neither to agree with  that negative statement. I don't like coffee.  

Neither do I. Now before you go, just one more  bonus thing, okay. Now imagine it was a positive  

statement. Okay. And my friend said I speak  French. My answer would be Me too. Me too. So do  

I. So do I. So if it's a positive statement, and  you're agreeing positively, we don't use either,  

and we don't use neither. Okay? So those don't  exist in this situation. They're not choices.  

You're doing awesome. Feel free to hit pause and  take a break. And when you're ready, let's move  

on to the difference between any way any ways,  anyhow, and any hope. And at the end of this  

lesson, there will be a quiz and you can download  the free PDF summary. Let's go first, let's talk  

about anyway. And anyways, what's the difference  between these two? Well, it's very simple. One  

of these words is grammatically correct. And the  other is slang. Do you know which one is slang?  

Well, any ways with an S is slang. It doesn't  exist in English as a word. This may surprise you,  

because native speakers use any ways all the time.  In fact, I would say that any ways with an OS is  

just as common as anyway, even though technically  any ways with an OS is not a word. In English,  

it's slang. Regardless, you will hear anyways,  in formal situations like TED talks, or formal  

presentations, even from politicians and doctors,  you will hear any ways being used all the time.  

But remember, any way without the s, anyway, is  the grammatically correct choice in any situation.  

Now let's talk about how to use any way and any  how they have the exact same meaning. They're  

interchangeable, which means you can use any  way or you can use anyhow, it doesn't matter.  

They're both adverbs. And they have three common  meanings. So let's review each meaning. And we'll  

look at example sentences. The first meaning  we use anyway and any how to mean, in any case,  

without regard to other considerations. For  example, let's say you're planning of family  

dinner at a new restaurant you want to try,  but you're not sure if this restaurant takes  

reservations, you might say to your family member,  I'm not sure if the restaurant takes reservations  

any way all call tonight. So this means without  regard to other considerations in any case. So  

it doesn't matter if the restaurant takes  reservations or doesn't take reservations,  

you're going to call. Remember, you can use any  how, and they have the exact same meaning. So  

I could say, I'm not sure if the restaurant  takes reservations all call tonight anyhow,  

notice I changed the placement of the adverb,  a placement can come at the beginning of the  

sentence or at the end of the sentence. There's no  difference between these two, anyway, and anyhow  

are also used when you provide a more important  reason or consideration. Let's say you find out  

about a work conference, but you decide you're not  going to go. You can say the conference is out of  

town. That's one reason you're not going to go is  out of town, which means it's not in your city,  

or your location is in a different city or a  different location. So that's one reason. But  

you want to provide a more important reason  why you're not going to the conference. You  

could say the conference is out of town,  and I have another meeting that day anyway.  

So the fact that you have another meeting is more  important than the fact that the conference is  

out of town. And we use the adverb any way to show  that with this meaning the placement of the adverb  

is also flexible and it can come at the beginning  of the sentence or the end of the sentence. So I  

could also say the conference is out of town. And  anyhow, I have another meeting that day. Notice  

it came at the beginning of the sentence, but I  put the adverb and to act as a transition word.  

And anyhow, so you will commonly see anyhow or any  way with a small adverb like, and, but so in front  

of it, that doesn't change the meaning in any  way, in any way. And you can just get rid of it,  

and the sentence would be the same. The conference  is out of town. Anyhow, I have another meeting  

that day. The final way we use anyway, and anyhow,  is as a transition word, to transition from one  

conversation topic to another conversation topic.  And this might be the most common way it's used.  

And this might be the way you're most comfortable  using it. And you can use any way or anyhow,  

it doesn't matter. And of course, you can use any  ways. But remember, that's slang. So let's say  

you're having a conversation with your friends,  and you're talking about one subject work, you're  

talking about work, work, work is really busy  at work right now, and we need to hire another  

accountant. But now you don't want to talk about  work anymore with your friend. You want to change  

the topic, you can say, anyway, how was Italy?  So your friend just got back from this vacation,  

and you want to now change the topic from work to  your friend's vacation? Works really busy. Now we  

need to hire another accountant. Anyhow, how was  Italy tell me about Italy. Again, you can use any  

way or anyhow. But with this meaning to change  conversation topics, we most commonly put the  

adverb at the beginning of the second sentence.  So we don't commonly put it at the end of the  

sentence. And you can still use another transition  word like and so but you're talking about work,  

we need to hire another accountant. So anyway, and  anyway, but anyway, how was Italy? Now finally,  

let's talk about the difference between any how  and any who, any who is a slang replacement to  

anyhow, you can use it the exact same way you use  anyhow. Remember, though, it's slang. Now notice  

the spelling because most commonly when we use  this in a text message, for example, it's spelled  

any hoo, hoo. That's because we're borrowing  from the word how, and we're just changing it  

slightly to who. So you may see it written as any  who, but it's more commonly written as any who,  

in pronunciation, there's no difference at all,  any who is a fun, light hearted casual way to say  

anyhow, but keep in mind that it isn't commonly  used. Remember, I said that any ways even though  

it's slang, it's used 50% of the time. That's not  the same with anyhoo anyhoo isn't very common,  

and then found some native speakers depending on  the region they're from, they might not even know  

what it is. And they may think you just made a  mistake and you meant to say anyhow, so because it  

isn't very commonly used. And because it's slang,  I don't recommend using it. Now you know how to  

use anyway, any ways anyhow. And Anywho? Are you  ready for your quiz? Here are your questions,  

hit pause, take as much time as you need and  when you're ready, hit play for the answers.  

Let's see how well you did on that quiz.  Here are your answers. So hit pause,  

review these answers, compare them to  your own and when you're done, hit play.

So how did you do with that quiz? Share your  score in the comments below. And remember, you  

can download the PDF that summarizes everything  from this lesson so you can practice it and review  

it. So the link to download the PDF is right  there. You can go there and download it anytime  

we're good to go. Let's move on and talk about  as soon as and as long as let's start with as  

soon as you can think of this as a time  reference. Okay, we're talking about time,  

and as soon as you can translate  that to immediately after, okay,  

immediately after something happens. For example,  call your mother as soon as you get home.  

Okay, so remember we can think of as soon as as  immediately after, so immediately after you get  

home, call your mother. So imagine you're walking  home, you open your door, you enter your house,  

okay, immediately after. So the first thing  you're going to do when you get home is  

call your mother call your mother as soon as you  get home. Now, it's important to keep in mind that  

the structure of this is flexible. I can use as  soon as to start the sentence and I can say as  

soon as you get home as soon as you get home, call  your mother, and they mean exactly the same thing.  

Another example, send me that report as soon  as you get the numbers. So immediately after  

you get the numbers. What are you going  to do? You're going to send me the report.  

Send me the report as soon as you get the numbers.  And remember, we can switch the sentence structure  

as well. So right in the comments below what  would be the alternative way to write this  

starting with as soon as so pause the video and  write that in the comments below as a practice.  

Did you get it? As soon as you get the numbers? As  soon as you get the numbers? Send me the report.  

Now let's talk about as long as as long as and as  soon as are very different. The only thing they  

share is that they both have as an as okay, but  they're used very differently. Now with as long as  

we're offering a condition oh hey, this one makes  sense with an example sentence. So let me give you  

an example. All go to the party as long as you  give me a ride. Okay. So there is a condition  

right? I will only go to the party. If you give  me a ride. If you don't give me a ride. I won't  

go to the party. That's the condition. So we use  as long as for identifying a condition. I'll go to  

the party, and as long as you give me a ride. Now  just like with as soon as this sentence structure  

is flexible as well. So think about this, hit  pause and change the sentence structure so we  

begin with as long as Okay, put your answer in  the comments below. Did you get it? As long as  

you give me a ride? I'll go to the party. Another  example. I'll help you with that report. As long  

as you buy me lunch. So my offer to help you  is conditional, and I'll only help you if  

What if you buy me lunch, right? That's the as  long as as long as you buy me lunch. I'll help  

you with that report. As long as you buy me lunch.  Now again, think about changing that sentence  

structure. Hit pause and write the alternative  sentence structure in the comments below.  

Did you get it? As long as you buy me lunch? I'll  help you with that report. To summarize, we have  

two great conjunctions as soon as which you can  think of immediately after something and we have  

as long as which is used to offer a condition.  All right now you know how to use as soon as  

and as long as confidently now you practice making  sure you write one example with as soon as and one  

example with as long as in the comments below and  then change that to the other sentence structure  

so you get comfortable with both of them. You're  doing amazing. Let's keep going and talk about as  

well. And as well as first one talk about as well  as well is used when we add an additional piece  

of information. You can think of it as the same as  two so let's say your friend says I have to go to  

the bank. Now you have to go to the bank. So you  have to go to the bank your friend has to go to  

the bank, huh? Don't we can use as well. So we get  your friend says I have to go to the bank. You can  

say I have to go as well as well. So here is like  saying to you both have to do the same action.  

Or let's say it's early in the morning and you go  to your favorite cafe for a cup of coffee. So you  

order anything, I'll have a coffee, but then you  notice those muffins look delicious. So then you  

add and a muffin as well as well. So you can add  as well. I'll have a coffee and a muffin as well.  

So we're adding as well. Our adverb to the end  of a sentence. Notice that sentence structure  

the placement is at the end of a sentence. And  it's used when we're adding an additional point,  

a point of complements our first point now as  well as is used in a different way. The meaning  

is more advanced. It's more of an advanced grammar  topic. The meaning is not only why but also acts.  

Okay. Not only but also for example, I have to  go to the bank, as well as the store as well as  

the store. So notice not only why but also x.  Now notice how I'm saying not only why but also  

x it's because we have the five at so in this  case our x is Bank and the y is store. Now I'm  

emphasizing bank. I have to go to the bank as well  as a store. Now let's compare that to a simple  

sentence with as well. I could say I have to go  to the store and I have to go to the bank as well.  

So in this case, I'm adding an additional place I  need to go remember our placement as well concept,  

the end of the sentence. Now the important thing  to remember is in this case, I'm not emphasizing  

one action over the other they're equal importance  the bank the store, they're equal, but when I use  

as well as the bank is more important, it has more  emphasis than the store. I have to go to the bank  

as well as the store. Now notice the placement  with as well as we use as well as before the  

second now this store is our second now as well  as the store but with as well. It's simply at the  

end the very end of the sentence. One way example  showing both side by side. Let's say I was at the  

mall yesterday. I can tell my friends. I bought  a sweater and a T shirt as well. Remember as well  

I'm just adding an additional item I bought  a sweater and a T shirt as well. Now let's  

say I want to identify two qualities that the  sweater has. But I want to emphasize one or the  

other. I could say the sweater is beautiful as  well as comfortable. So two items beautiful and  

comfortable. But I'm emphasizing beautiful. This  sweater is beautiful. As well as comfortable. So  

now you can see them side by side and understand  how they're used differently. And of course,  

it's your turn to practice. So I want you to do  the same thing. Give an example where first you  

can use as well and then make a statement where  you're identifying two characteristics or two  

items, two nouns and your empathizing one and use  as well as so put your example in the comments  

below. Amazing job hit pause take a break if you  need and when you're ready. Let's talk about as  

much as much as can be used in two very different  ways depending on the content. And you're going to  

learn how to use both of these ways by the end of  the video. So here we go with meaning number one  

you can use as much as when you have two different  things. And you want to say that those two things  

are equal in amount or degree. Let's take a  look at an example sentence. I deserve that  

promotion as much as she does. As you can see,  in this example, we have two different things.  

And we're talking about amount, the amount that I  deserve the promotion and what's the other amount,  

the amount that she deserves the promotion. Okay,  so let's say the amount that she deserves the  

promotion is this much. Now, if I want to use as  much as Remember, it's equal, so she deserves a  

promotion this much. I deserve the promotion this  much. It's equal. I deserve the promotion as much  

as she does. Let me give you another example.  And then I'll get you to try your own example  

sentence. Okay, I could say that Jose participated  in the conference as much as Maria did.  

Okay, so here we have amount of participation,  or the degree to which Maria participated and  

Jose participated, but you might just want  to think of them in terms of amount. So Jose  

participated in the conference this night, I can't  really make it different in sizes this much. And  

Maria participated in the conference this much.  They're equal. Let me give you one more example.  

And I'll make it an easy example that everyone can  understand. You ate as much cake as I did. Okay,  

so we have the amount of cake and EUA the amount  of K that I ate, and they are equal right. Now,  

look at the sentence structure. What do you notice  that's a little bit different here. You ate as  

much cake as I did. So notice here I've added in  the something. So eight is a verb, right? What  

if I want to specify eight? What if I want to add  the something? Look at the placement here as much,  

huh? Something as Okay, so that's when you were  including a now and the purpose of that just  

would be to specify eight. What I could leave  out okay, I can leave that something out. And I  

could simply say I A as much as you did. Now, the  only difference here is that I'm specifying cake.  

Right? But if cake is on the table, it's obvious  based on context that we're talking about cake.  

I don't necessarily need to include that in the  sentence. But I wanted you to be aware of that  

sentence structure when we include a something so  now you know how to use the first meaning of AD  

is not jazz. And remember, we have two things,  and they are equal in amount or degree. So now  

it's your turn to practice. I want you to think of  an example using as much as and put your example  

in the comments. I think you can have a lot of  fun thinking of an example for this one. So put  

your example in the comments. Did you get in  the comments? Okay, great. Now let's move on  

to meaning number two as much as in our second  meaning. You can think of it more in terms of  

although, regardless of or despite how much that  probably doesn't give you much information does  

it? So as always, it's easier to just see this is  an example I could say as much as I want to stay.  

I have to go. No one is here as much as is at the  very beginning of our sentence. Okay, as much as  

I want to stay. I have to go. Now you can think of  this as all although I want to stay, I have to go.  

Now what does this mean? Basically we can think of  them as two individual sentences. I want to stay  

I have to go. Okay, those are two individual  sentences. And then we're just combining them  

together using as much as at the very beginning.  There's an easy way that this will make sense for  

you. And that's why using thought you're most  likely familiar with but it's one of the first  

transition words that students learn. So you can  think of it as I want to stay but I have to go.  

That could be one way that you combine these two  sentences into one using the transition word,  

but okay, and notice there's a contrast here. I  want to say that's a positive right. I have to  

go that's a negative. So when we use but there's  always a positive and a negative. Now we're using  

as much as in exactly the same way is simply  the sentence structure that's changing here.  

So remember, we're using as much as at the very  beginning of the sentence, as much as I want to  

stay, comma. I have to go. Another example.  As much as I'd love to help you. I can't.  

Now this is a very common way that we may decline  to do something politely. I'm letting you know,  

I want to help you. I can't help you. So we have  that contrast, right? A positive I want to help  

you and then we have a negative. I can't help  you. So we could combine those sentences with  

but I want to help you but I can't. That might be  a more familiar structure to you. So this is just  

a world turned a way to format and I'll be honest,  it does sound more advanced using this structure.  

Now remember, as much as at the very beginning as  much as I want to help you. I can't. So when you  

hear as much as you know that there's going to  be a contrast. So when someone says as much as  

I want to help you, even if they don't say the end  part, I know they're not going to help me because  

that's how we use as much as it's with a contract.  So just keep that in mind can be a polite way to  

decline doing something. For example, you could  use it as a polite way to decline an invitation  

to a party. Your friend invites you to a party,  and you can say, as much as I'd love to go,  

I can't. So as much as I'd love to, that's the  positive right? I want to go to the party. And  

then the negative is I can't I'm busy. I have to  work. I haven't deadline. I don't have a way to  

get there. Whatever the reason is, as much as I  love to go, I can't. So that can be a polite way  

to decline an invitation. So now you try try using  the Advanced structure where you need a contrast,  

okay? And remember that placement as much as is  going to be at the very beginning. So pause the  

video now if you need think of your example, and  then leave it in the comments. This is definitely  

an advanced structure that's going to make you  sound very fluent and very advanced in English.  

So you need to practice this. And I'm really  excited to read your example in the comment so  

make sure you take the time to put your example  in the comments so you remember how to use this  

structure. Let's keep going. This is your last  section. Let's talk about as adjective as this  

is a very common structure. And we use this  structure when you're comparing two things.  

So when I say two things we need to now and they  can be any noun and we're comparing them using an  

adjective or an adverb. Now, we use as adjective  as when the two things that you're comparing are  

equal. Let's take a look at an example. Now first  of all, we need two things. So let's just take a  

look at two houses. I could say that this house is  as big as this house. So in this example sentence,  

what my adjective right the adjective down in  the comments, okay? What's the adjective? Big of  

course big is our adjective. Now remember, we use  this structure when the two items are comparable.  

Well, what if they aren't comparable? What about  these two houses? Now in this case, I can simply  

make my verb negative so let's take a look at  our original sentence. So remember, this was our  

original sentence when the houses were comparable.  Now they're not. So what would I need to change  

in this sentence to make it make it a put your  answer in the comments? I hope you know this  

one. I'm sure you do. So I was simply need to take  my verb and make that negative and in this case,  

I'm using the verb to be so I would say this house  isn't as big as the house. So in positive form,  

you're using the structure when two things are  equal. But you can still use this when two things  

are not equal, that you need to make the verb  negative. Let's take a look at another example.  

So I need two things. I'm going to use two cars.  I'm gonna say this BMW is as fast as this Lexus.  

So here, what's my adjective? Heard  it in the comments was the adjective.  

Fast. Now of course, we can use any adjective we  want. So let's think of some other examples of  

adjectives. What other adjective could you use?  Instead of fast? Hmm? What do you say? anything  

come to mind. Put an example in the comments.  Think of another adjective that you could use.  

Well, I could talk about money and say that this  BMW is as expensive expensive is the adjective  

that deals with money. This BMW is as expensive  as this Lexus. Perhaps I could say this BMW is  

as nice as this Lexus. So what adjective did you  use in the comments? Now of course if these two  

cars are not comparable in terms of speed, that I  can simply make our verb negative, and I can say  

this BMW isn't as fast as this Lexus. And again,  I can use any adjective. Alright, so now it's your  

turn to practice. I'm going to give you two images  and I want you to form a positive sentence using  

as an adjective at So here are your two garden  garden. Now what sentence could you use this third  

in this garden so take your time as much time  as you need, think about an adjective and  

put it in the comments below. Make sure  you do this. You need to practice this  

did you get it in the comments? So of course,  the first adjectives that came to my mind was  

beautiful. We can also have pretty colorful, lush,  well maintained and maybe some other adjectives so  

I'm looking forward to seeing what you had in  the comment. Now as a final exercise, I want  

you to take your example and make it negative.  Okay, that should be pretty easy for you by now.  

So using beautiful I would simply say this  garden isn't as beautiful as that garden.  

Now, I wanted to make this video because in a  previous lesson on I covered as much ad, and  

in the comments, I noticed that there were some  questions or that there was some confusion. And  

students were using as much as when they should  have been using as adjective, as, for example,  

let's see, get this comment from my awesome  student Buddha. Now Buddha wrote this example  

but had a couple question marks at the end. So  Buddha wasn't sure and it's good that you get or  

that you weren't sure because there is something a  little bit off about this comment. So Buddha said,  

You are beautiful as much as me, huh? Now here, we  definitely need the adjective. We use as much as  

when we're comparing to amount, but in that case,  with as much as there isn't an adjective involved,  

you're simply dealing with the verb, okay, so  you can review that video on as much as but here  

in Buddha's comment, how can we take this comment  and change it so it's grammatically correct using  

as adjective as so hmm. Take as much time as you  need and then put your answer in the comments.  

So were you able to correct Buddhist comments  here? The correct comment would be You're as  

beautiful as me. You're as beautiful as me,  because we need to use our AV adjective as  

structure in this case. Now of course, we could  make this negative but I'm not going to because  

that wouldn't be a very nice thing to say. So  I don't want to make it negative. You did an  

amazing job with this lesson. Now feel free to  share some examples. In the comments below with  

your brand new vocabulary. And if you found this  video helpful, please hit the like button, share  

it with your friends, and of course subscribe.  And before you go, make sure you head on over  

to my website, JForrest English.com and download  your free speaking Guide. In this guide I share  

six tips on how to speak English fluently and  confidently. And until next time. Happy studying!