Past Simple and Past Perfect - Tenses in English

3,282,607 views ใƒป 2012-04-24

English with Ronnie


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” Ronnie์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:03
Hi there. It's grammar fun time with Ronnie again. Hey grammar today
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00:11
we're going to be learning about how to use the simple past which is regular Edie verbs or
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์ •๊ทœ ed
๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Irregular verbs and
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00:24
the past perfect
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00:26
We're going to use it to talk about our or your daily routine. So what you do every day, okay?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์˜ค์ผ€์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ๋Š”
00:35
past perfect is
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had + PP ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„
00:37
Had plus Pp. Or the past participle the past participle is the third tense of the verb?
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋™์ž‘ ๋˜๋Š”
00:46
The easiest way for me to explain this to you is
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00:53
The earliest action or the first action that you do in the morning for example
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์นจ์— ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:00
You're going to choose past perfect
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š”
01:03
Then the next action you do after that you're going to use simple past
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ์น˜๋Š”
01:10
so first of all earliest action pass perfect
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01:14
The second action that you do is going to be simple past. I will help you out with some examples, so
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
For example, I sometimes wake up at 8 o'clock
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” 8 ์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋ณดํ†ต ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
01:30
Usually when we speak English when we talk about our daily routine we use
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์ผ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
basic
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01:40
English we say I wake up. I eat breakfast
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:43
But when you want to talk about in the past you have to use past perfect and simple past so 8 o'clock I wake up
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t ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ 8์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜ 815 ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์–ด์„œ ์•„์นจ์—
01:52
8:15 I eat breakfast so the earliest or the first action that I do in the morning is
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์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
01:58
I wake up and then no no no I
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nom nom nom ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์•„์นจ์— ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅดํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜คํŠธ๋ฐ€์„ ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค
02:04
Eat breakfast I usually have oatmeal for breakfast with yogurt. What do you eat for breakfast?
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๋ญ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„ ์•„๋งˆ ์•ฝ 515 ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์š•์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š”
02:12
then after work
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02:18
Maybe about 5:15. I have a bath I like to be clean and
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๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ  530์— ๋ชฉ์š• ํ›„ 15 ๋ถ„ ๋ชฉ์š• ๋‚˜๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
02:23
at 5:30 after my bath my 15-minute bath I
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02:29
Watch TV. So
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์™„๋ฒฝํ•จ์€ ๋‚ด
02:32
What we're going to do to change this into simple past and past perfect is my very first action
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋„ฃ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์€
02:39
we're going to put into
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02:42
The past perfect tense my second action. I'm going
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜
02:46
to use simple past
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02:49
So let's work this out together. Oh
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:56
Yeah, I'm awake. Yay
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03:00
Let's do this
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03:03
The very very first action that I did we're gonna use past perfect, so wake up
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ wake up์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:10
Does anyone know the past participle of wake?
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๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
03:15
It's very strange a lot of people get it wrong. It's actually
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03:20
Woken now when we use simple pass and pass perfect together in a sentence
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
We usually have the word after
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after๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘ o ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ after๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
To help us with the time period So we're going to use the word after in both of our sentences
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f ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” I'm going to use my
03:36
and we're Gonna Say after I
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03:42
I'm Gonna use my past perfect had wake woken
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past perfect had wakewake up so ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
Up, so this is my very first action that I did the earliest action is I woke up
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04:00
after I woke up I
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04:05
Ate breakfast so the simple past of eat is eight like the number
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eat์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ์ˆซ์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ 8์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ž๊ณ  ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
04:12
so after I had woken up I
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04:16
Ate
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04:17
breakfast
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04:22
so if you look at this sentence, I
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด I have after and then I have my past perfect
04:27
Have after and then I have my past
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04:31
perfect, and then I have my
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and then I eat my breakfast ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งจ ์ฒ˜์Œ ํ•œ ์ผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
04:35
Breakfast so the very first thing that I did was I woke up
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04:38
And then I ate breakfast which makes sense because you can't eat breakfast while you're sleeping
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์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
๊ฟˆ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:46
Can you maybe in your dreams?
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04:49
Let's have a look at the other one the other example so at
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 515์—์„œ ๋ชฉ์š•์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 530 ๋‚˜ TV ๋ดค์–ด ์ œ์ผ
04:54
5:15 I
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04:56
Have a bath and at 5:30. I watch TV
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05:00
The very very first of the earliest action that I did
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋ชฉ์š•ํ–ˆ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ ํ–‰๋™
05:05
Was I had a bath so the first action again. I need to put in to past perfect
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๋˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ•ด์•ผ์ง€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰๋™ TV ๋ดค์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
05:13
The second action I did was I watched TV. So let's see the sentence together
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜์ž ์˜ค์ผ€์ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด after๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
05:19
Ok so again. We're going to use after to begin the sentence
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I need my subject and I'm go ํ›„์— ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
So I'm going to say after I
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05:28
I need my subject and
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05:32
I'm Gonna use past perfect
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ing ์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
05:35
Had now, what is the past perfect? What's the past participle of have?
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have oh it's had ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ had had yes๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:42
Huh, it's had
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05:46
But you have to say had-had
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05:49
Yes, I know. It's really really strange
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ์ด์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” I had a bath๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ ํ›„์— ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:53
like most English, but you actually have to say after I had had a
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ I had wake up then we
06:01
bath
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06:07
It's the exact same as this sentence after I
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06:11
had woken up
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06:13
then we need the subject we have to put in I
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need the subject to put I Iforgot the I I I ate breakfast ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ
06:17
I forgot the I I
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06:20
ate breakfast so again we need this subject after the comma so I
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์‰ผํ‘œ ๋’ค์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ I watch์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ watch
06:26
the simple past tense of
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06:29
Watch is watched. It is a sound at the end, but we spell it with an iDi
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it is it์ด๋‹ค. ๋์— ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ED๋กœ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ชฉ์š•์„ ํ•œ ํ›„์—๋„ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
06:36
So after I had had a bath, I don't forget your subject like I did
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ
06:42
watched
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06:48
TV, so
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06:50
Automatically when we look at these sentences we know that the very very first thing that I did
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ž ์—์„œ
06:57
Was I woke up because?
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๊นผ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์“ฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„์นจ ๋จน๊ณ  ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ 
07:00
I'm using the past perfect then we know that I eat breakfast if you look at this sentence after
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์š•ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์•Œ๊ฒ ๋‹ค ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์“ฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋จผ์ € ๋ชฉ์š•ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„
07:07
Work, I know I had a bath first
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07:11
Because I'm using the past perfect, and then I know I watched TV after the bath because I'm using simple past
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์— TV ๋ณธ ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ชฉ์š•์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์“ฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ 
์ง‘์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ๋ญํ•ด o r ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ง‘์— ์™€์„œ
07:19
so what do you do when you come home from work, or come home from school try and write a
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์จ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:26
sentence using simple past and past
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07:29
Perfect. That's all for now folks bye-bye
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07:44
you
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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