How to describe personality and character in English (with pronunciation)

928,012 views ใƒป 2019-04-18

English with Lucy


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
(electronic music )
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๏ผˆๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:09
- Hello, everyone and welcome back to English With Lucy.
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-ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ ใ€‚ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒปใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใ‚บใƒปใƒซใƒผใ‚ทใƒผใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:13
Today I'm going to talk to you about how to describe,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ
00:17
personality and character in English
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ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ€ๆ€งๆ ผใ€ๆ€งๆ ผ
00:20
and I'm going to help you with your pronunciation.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ— ใ—ใ€็™บ้ŸณใฎใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:23
Before we get started I'd just like to mention,
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
00:25
the sponsor of today's video, it is Italki.
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ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใ‚นใƒใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚‹Italkiใงใ™ใ€‚
00:28
If you haven't heard of Italki before,
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Italkiใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
00:30
it's a huge online database
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00:32
of both native and non native speakers
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจ้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎไธกๆ–นใฎๅทจๅคงใชใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒ™ใƒผใ‚นใงใ€24ๆ™‚้–“ๅนดไธญ็„กไผ‘ใง
00:35
who give one to one lessons, 24 hours a day,
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1ๅฏพ1ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—
00:38
seven days a week.
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎ‰ๅฎšใ—ใŸใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆๆŽฅ็ถšใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚
00:39
You can learn English and over 100 other languages,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใจ 100ไปฅไธŠใฎไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใ
00:43
from anywhere in the world
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00:44
as long as you have a stable internet connection.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:47
It's a really affordable way of learning a language,
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŸใ‚ใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ‰‹้ ƒใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง
00:50
much cheaper than offline academies and in person tutors.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใฎใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒผใ‚„็›ดๆŽฅใฎๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅฎ‰ไพกใงใ™ใ€‚
00:54
So many people message me and ask me how they can meet
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้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็งใซใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’้€ใ‚Šใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผšใ„ใ€้€ฃ็ตกใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™
00:57
and contact and practise with native (british ) speakers.
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ใ€‚
01:00
Italki is a really good option.
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Italkiใฏใ€
01:02
because aside from the native qualified teachers,
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ ผใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ•™ๅธซใฎไป–
01:05
they also have community teachers
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ใซ
01:07
who practise conversation with you.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจไผš่ฉฑใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฎๆ•™ๅธซใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
Italki have given me a special offer to pass on to you,
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Italki ใ‹ใ‚‰็‰นๅˆฅใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผ
01:13
you will receive $10 worth of Italki credits,
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ใŒๅฑŠใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใฆ
01:16
in your student wallet within 48 hours
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ใ‹ใ‚‰48ๆ™‚้–“ไปฅๅ†…ใซใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฎ่ฒกๅธƒใซ10ใƒ‰ใƒซ็›ธๅฝ“ใฎItalkiใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆใŒๅŠ ็ฎ—ใ•ใ‚Œ
01:18
of making your first purchase of any amount.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
01:21
Just click on the link in the description box to sign up.
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ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ ใงใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:25
Right let's get started with the lesson.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:27
By the end of this lesson,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ€งๆ ผใ‚„ๆ€งๆ ผใ‚’่กจใ™
01:28
you will know 72 adjectives that can be used
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ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹72ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:32
to describe personality and character.
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ใ€‚
01:34
I've divided them into positive or approving adjectives
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ ใพใŸใฏๆ‰ฟ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž
01:39
and also negative or disapproving adjectives.
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ใจๅฆๅฎš็š„ใพใŸใฏ ไธๆ‰ฟ่ชใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:43
For each adjective I've included the IPA transcription
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ”ใจใซ IPAใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—่ตทใ“ใ—ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใŸ
01:46
so you can really focus on the pronunciation
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ใฎใง ใ€็™บ้Ÿณ
01:49
and also the definition.
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ใจๅฎš็พฉใซ้›†ไธญใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:51
Let's start with personality category number one.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ฝใƒŠใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒช1ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
01:54
The adjectives within this first group,
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ใ“ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ๅ†…ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž
01:57
describe how willing you are to communicate with others.
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ใฏ ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใจใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๆ„ๆฌฒใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:01
So we have extroverted, (extroverted.)
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏๅค–ๅ‘็š„ใ€ๅค–ๅ‘็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:06
Someone who is extroverted is lively and confident
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ๅค–ๅ‘็š„ใชไบบ ใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใง่‡ชไฟกใŒ
02:09
and enjoys being around other people.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:12
The opposite or the antonym,
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ใ“ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎๅๅฏพใพใŸใฏ
02:13
for this adjective is introverted,(introverted )
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ๅๆ„่ชžใฏ ใ€ๅ†…ๅ‘็š„ใ€ๅ†…ๅ‘็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:18
So, this describes somebody who is more interested,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไป–ใฎ ไบบใจๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„
02:21
in their own thoughts and feelings,
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02:23
than they are in spending time with other people.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
We also have talkative, talkative.
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ใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ€ใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:31
This describes somebody who likes to talk a lot,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
02:33
then on the other hand, we have quiet, quiet
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ใ€ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ้™ใ‹ใง้™ใ‹
02:37
which means tending not to talk a lot.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:41
Next, confident, confident.
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ๆฌกใซใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ€‚
02:45
This means feeling sure about your ability to do something
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ็ขบไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๅๆ„Ÿ
02:48
and be successful and the antonym for this is shy, shy.
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ใฏๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใงๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:54
Someone who is shy is nervous about meeting people
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚Šๅฑ‹ใฎไบบ
02:58
or speaking to people.
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ใฏใ€ไบบใจใฎๅ‡บไผšใ„ใ‚„ไบบใจใฎไผš่ฉฑใซ็ฅž็ตŒ่ณชใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:00
Right our second category talks about
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ใพใ•ใซ็งใŸใกใฎ2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใฏใ€
03:03
how you make others feel.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎไบบใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
Firstly we have warm, warm.
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ใพใšใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆš–ใ‹ใ„ใ€ๆš–ใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:10
Someone who's warm shows enthusiasm
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ๆธฉใ‹ใ„ไบบใฏ็†ฑๆ„
03:13
and affection and is friendly.
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ใจๆ„›ๆƒ…ใ‚’็คบใ—ใ€ๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:16
On the other hand we have cold, cold.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฏ’ใ„ใ€ๅฏ’ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:20
Be careful with that O vowel sound.
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ใใฎOๆฏ้Ÿณใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:22
I do actually have a video on that
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
03:24
which I will link down below.
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็งใŒไธ‹ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
Someone who is cold is without emotion and unfriendly.
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ๅฏ’ใ„ไบบใฏๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใŒใชใ ใ€็„กๆ„›ๆƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:29
Next we have kind, kind.
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ๆฌกใซใ€่ฆชๅˆ‡ใ€่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:34
This means caring about others, gentle and friendly.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไป–ไบบใ‚’ๆฐ—้ฃใ†ใ“ใจ ใ€ๅ„ชใ—ใใฆๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
On the opposite side we have unkind, unkind.
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ๅๅฏพๅด ใซใฏใ€ไธ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใ€ไธ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:43
This means unpleasant, unfriendly,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไธๅฟซใงใ€ๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงใฏ
03:46
maybe even slightly cruel.
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ใชใใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใงใ‚‚ๆฎ‹้…ทใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:50
And then we have sweet, sweet.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็”˜ใ„ใ€็”˜ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:53
Someone who is sweet shows a kind character.
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็”˜ใ„ไบบใฏ ๅ„ชใ—ใ„ๆ€งๆ ผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:57
The opposite is nasty, nasty.
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ๅๅฏพใฏๅŽ„ไป‹ใชใ€ๅŽ„ไป‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
A nasty person is an unkind person,
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ๅŽ„ไป‹ใชไบบใฏไธ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใชไบบใงใ‚ใ‚Š
04:05
the third category is how you treat the feelings of others.
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ใ€3็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใฏใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒไป–ไบบใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰ฑใ†ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:10
First we have considerate, considerate.
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ใพใšใ€ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ€ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:15
If you're consider you are always thinking
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚
04:17
of the feelings of others.
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ไป–ไบบใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:19
If you're not considerate,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŒใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŒใชใ„ใ€ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŒใชใ„
04:21
then you might be inconsiderate, inconsiderate.
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ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
04:25
This means not giving enough thought,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใซใคใ„ใฆๅๅˆ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
04:27
about other people's feelings or needs.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:30
We also have thoughtful, thoughtful.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸใ€ๆ€ๆ…ฎๆทฑใใ€ๆ€ๆ…ฎๆทฑใใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
If you are thoughtful, then you show that you care
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ€ๆ…ฎๆทฑใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
04:37
and consider other people's feelings and needs.
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ไป–ใฎไบบใฎ ๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆฐ—้ฃใ„ใ€่€ƒๆ…ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:40
The opposite is thoughtless, thoughtless.
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ๅๅฏพใฏใ€็„กๆ€ๆ…ฎใ€็„กๆ€ๆ…ฎใงใ™ใ€‚
04:44
This means that you don't care,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆ‚ชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
04:46
about the possible negative effects
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04:48
of your actions or words.
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ใ€‚
04:50
Then we have tactful, tactful.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅทงๅฆ™ใงใ€ๅทงๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:54
This means that you're careful not to say or do,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
04:57
anything that might upset or anger other people
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05:00
and the antonym for that is tactless, tactless.
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ใ€‚
05:05
That's quite a hard one to say with the ct combination.
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ใใ‚Œ ใฏctใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใง่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:09
Tact, tactless, this means that you say or do things
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใƒˆใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
05:13
that might upset or anger other people.
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ไป–ใฎไบบใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Šๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:17
Our next category discusses
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใงใฏใ€
05:18
how much people might be able to trust you.
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ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎไบบใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:21
First up, we have trustworthy, trustworthy.
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ใพใš ใ€ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใ€ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
05:27
We use a voiced th sound,
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็งใŸใกใฏๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—
05:29
I often hear it mispronounced as trustworthy
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใจ่ชค่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:34
but it should be worthy.
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ใŒใ€ไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
05:35
Your voice should be constant,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐใฏไธ€ๅฎš
05:37
it shouldn't cut out at any point.
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ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใšใ€ใฉใฎๆ™‚็‚นใงใ‚‚้€”ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใฆใฏใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:39
Someone who's trustworthy then it means you can rely on them
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ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ไบบใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅ–„่‰ฏใงๆญฃ็›ดใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
05:42
to be good and honest.
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ใ€‚
05:44
On the other hand we have untrustworthy, untrustworthy.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏ ไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ใ€ไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:49
This is somebody who cannot be trusted.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
05:52
We also have reliable, reliable.
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ใพใŸใ€ไฟก้ ผๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใ€ไฟก้ ผๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
If someone is reliable then you can trust them
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ไฟก้ ผใงใใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ†ใพใใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
05:59
to do something well.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:00
On the other hand, we have unreliable, unreliable,
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏ ไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ใ€ไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ใ€
06:05
meaning that you cannot trust them to do something well.
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ใคใพใ‚Š ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ†ใพใใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใงใใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:08
You can't depend on them.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซ้ ผใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:10
Then we have loyal, loyal.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏๅฟ ๅฎŸใงๅฟ ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
06:14
This means remaining faithful and supportive.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฟ ๅฎŸใงๅ”ๅŠ›็š„ใชใพใพใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
Then we have disloyal, disloyal.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็ง้”ใฏไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
06:21
This means not loyal or faithful.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฟ ๅฎŸใงใ‚‚ๅฟ ๅฎŸใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:25
Next, we're going to discuss adjectives that describe
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ๆฌกใซใ€
06:27
how honest you are with others.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎไบบใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๆญฃ็›ดใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่กจใ™ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:30
We have sincere, sincere.
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็งใŸใกใฏ่ช ๅฎŸใง่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
This means that you show what you really think or feel.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚„ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:38
On the other hand we have insincere, insincere.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใ€ไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
06:42
If someone is insincere they say or do things
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐ
06:45
that they don't really mean.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
Next we have frank, frank
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ๆฌกใซใ€็Ž‡็›ดใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€
06:51
which can actually sometimes be negative or disapproving
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ๅฎŸ้š› ใซใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใพใŸใฏไธๆ‰ฟ่ชใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
06:55
as well as approving.
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ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ‰ฟ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:56
So it all depends on the tone of voice or the context.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ ๅฃฐใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚„ๆ–‡่„ˆใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:00
If someone is frank, it means they are honest or direct
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็Ž‡็›ดใชไบบใฏใ€ ๆญฃ็›ดใพใŸใฏ็Ž‡็›ด
07:04
and there's sometimes at risk
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎใŸใ‚ใซไป–ไบบใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
07:05
of hurting other people's feelings because of this.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:08
On the other side we have secretive, secretive.
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ๅๅฏพๅดใซใฏ ใ€็ง˜ๅฏ†ไธป็พฉใ€็ง˜ๅฏ†ไธป็พฉใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:13
If you're secretive you like to hide your thoughts,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ง˜ๅฏ†ไธป็พฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆใ€
07:16
feelings and actions and keep them private.
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ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใจ่กŒๅ‹• ใ‚’้š ใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ง˜ๅฏ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
07:19
Then we have direct, direct and sometimes much like frank,
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ๆฌกใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ ใ€ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ใซใฏ็Ž‡็›ดใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
07:25
this can also be negative or disapproving,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฃฐใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚„ๆ–‡่„ˆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใพใŸใฏไธๆ‰ฟ่ชใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚
07:28
depending on tone of voice and context.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:32
If you're direct in means you say exactly what you mean
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็›ดๆŽฅ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
07:35
and no one can pretend they haven't understood
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ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใตใ‚Šใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
07:37
because it's very, very clear.
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ใ€‚
07:40
Then we have not an exact antonym but sneaky, sneaky.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใชๅๆ„่ชžใงใฏใชใใ€ ๅ‘ๅŠฃใชใ€ๅ‘ๅŠฃใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:46
This means behaving in a secretive or dishonest way.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ็ง˜ๅฏ†ไธป็พฉใพใŸใฏไธๆญฃ็›ดใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
The next category is how open you are
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใฏใ€ไป–ไบบใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚„ๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™
07:53
to the views and cultures of others.
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ใ€‚
07:56
We'll start with tolerant, tolerant.
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ๅฏ›ๅฎนใ€ๅฏ›ๅฎนใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:00
If you're tolerant it means you're able to accept
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฏ›ๅฎนใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅŒๆ„ใ—
08:03
what other people say or do,
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ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎไบบใ€…ใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
08:05
even if you don't agree with them.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:07
On the other hand we have intolerant, intolerant.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏ ไธๅฏ›ๅฎนใ€ไธๅฏ›ๅฎนใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:12
This means that you are not willing to accept behaviours
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไฟกๅฟตใซๅฏพๅฟœใ—ใชใ„่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆฐ—ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
08:15
or ideas that do not correspond with your beliefs.
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ใ€‚
08:19
We have open minded, open minded.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฟƒใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ€ๅฟƒใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:24
If you're open minded,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฟƒใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
08:25
it means you are willing to listen to,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ€ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ€่€ƒใˆใฆๅ–œใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
08:27
accept and think about other ideas.
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ใ€‚
08:30
On the other hand, we have narrow minded, narrow minded.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ็‹ญใ„ๅฟƒใ€็‹ญใ„ๅฟƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:35
This means you are unwilling to listen to new ideas
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ข
08:38
or the opinions of others.
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ใ‚„ไป–ใฎไบบใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่žใใŸใŒใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:41
And we have unbiased, unbiased.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ€ๅใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:45
This means that you're fair and not influenced
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๅ…ฌๅนณใงใ‚ใ‚Š
08:47
by your own opinions or someone else's opinions.
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ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚„ ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:51
On the other hand, we have biassed, biassed.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏๅ่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:55
This means you make unfair judgments
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธๅฝ“ใชๅˆคๆ–ญ
08:57
and have a tendency to favour a certain group of people.
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ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ— ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
Now we're going to talk about the adjectives,
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ๆฌกใซ ใ€
09:05
associated with how motivated you are.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚„ใ‚‹ๆฐ—ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:09
We have strong willed, strong willed.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅผทใ„ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ๅผทใ„ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:13
If you're strong willed it means you are determined to do
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅผทใ„ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎไบบใŒ
09:16
what you want to do, regardless of what other people say.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:19
On the other hand, we have weak willed, weak willed.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ๅผฑใ„ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ๅผฑใ„ๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:24
This means you lack the ability to resist,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŠตๆŠ—ใ™ใ‚‹่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ€ไป–ไบบใฎๅฝฑ้ŸฟๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆฌ ใ„ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
09:26
the influence of others
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09:27
and you can't control your own impulses.
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ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎ่กๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅˆถๅพกใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:30
We also have determined, determined.
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็ง้”ใฏใพใŸๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใ€ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:35
This means that you make firm decisions to do things
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ขบๅ›บใŸใ‚‹ๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’ไธ‹ใ—
09:37
and you don't let anyone dissuade you.
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ใ€ใ ใ‚Œใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใจใฉใพใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:40
On the other hand we have irresolute, irresolute.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏไธๆ–ญใ€ไธๆ–ญใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:44
This means that you are simply not able
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
09:46
to decide what to do.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใใ‹ใ‚’ๅ˜ใซๆฑบใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
And then we have driven, driven.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้‹่ปขใ—ใ€้‹่ปขใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:52
This means you are determined to succeed
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๆ„ใ—
09:54
and are working very hard to do so.
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ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้žๅธธใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:56
On the other hand we have apathetic, apathetic
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏ็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใ€็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„
10:00
which means you show no interest or enthusiasm.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚„็†ฑๆ„ใ‚’็คบใ•ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:04
The next category discusses your attitude towards work.
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใƒผใงใฏ ใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:08
We have industrious, industrious.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใงๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:13
This means hard working or busy.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใพใŸใฏๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:16
On the other hand we have idle, idle.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒซ็Šถๆ…‹ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒซ็Šถๆ…‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:20
If you're idle, you are not working hard.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้Šใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:24
We also have ambitious, ambitious.
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ใพใŸใ€้‡Žๅฟƒ็š„ใง้‡Žๅฟƒ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:28
If you're ambitious you're determined to be rich,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้‡Žๅฟƒ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ้‡‘ๆŒใกใงใ€ๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ€ใใ—ใฆใ™ในใฆๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:30
powerful and all successful.
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ใ€‚
10:33
We also have unambitious, unambitious.
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ใพใŸใ€้‡Žๅฟƒ็š„ใง้‡Žๅฟƒ็š„ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:37
This means that you are on interested in becoming,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€่ฑŠใ‹ใงใ€ๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ€ๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
10:39
rich, powerful or successful.
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ใ€‚
10:42
We also have hard working, hard working
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็ง้”ใฏใพใŸไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆ
10:46
which means you are willing to work very hard.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้žๅธธใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใจใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:49
Or we have lazy, lazy which means that you are unwilling
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆ€ ๆƒฐใชใ€ๆ€ ๆƒฐใชใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅƒใใŸใใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆดปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
10:54
to work or be active.
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ใ€‚
10:57
Now let's just discuss adjectives,
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใจ็†่งฃใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ไธŠๆ‰‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:58
associated with how good you are
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11:01
at learning and understanding.
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ใ€‚
11:03
We have bright, bright which means intelligent
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿฅ็š„
11:08
or quick to learn.
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ใพใŸใฏ็ด ๆ—ฉใๅญฆใถใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:10
We also have foolish, foolish
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ใพใŸใ€ๆ„šใ‹ใงๆ„šใ‹
11:13
which means not showing good judgement or sense.
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚„ๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใ‚’็คบใ•ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:18
There's clever, clever,
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่ณขใ„ใ€่ณขใ„ใ€
11:21
this is very common in British English.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:23
It means you're quick learning and understanding things.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’็ด ๆ—ฉใๅญฆใณใใ—ใฆ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:26
On the other hand we have stupid, stupid
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ„šใ‹ใงใ€ๆ„šใ‹
11:30
which means showing a lack of thought or good judgement .
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ€่€ƒใฎๆฌ ๅฆ‚ใพใŸใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:33
And we have intelligent, intelligent
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใก
11:37
which means you are good at learning and understanding
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆ็ฟ’ใจ็†่งฃใซ้•ทใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚คใƒณใƒ†ใƒชใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚คใƒณใƒ†ใƒชใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€ๆ–นใง็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใณ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹้ž็Ÿฅๆ€งใ€้ž็Ÿฅๆ€ง
11:39
and on the other hand we have unintelligent, unintelligent
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ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„
11:44
which means you are bad at learning
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ใพใ™
11:46
and understanding things.
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ใ€‚
11:48
Now let's discuss adjectives that describe
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
11:51
how you treat money.
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ใŠ้‡‘ใฎๆ‰ฑใ„ๆ–นใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:52
We have generous, generous which means that you are willing
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฏ›ๅคงใงๅฏ›ๅคง ใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ช็”ฑใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใจใ‚ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
11:58
to give freely.
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ใ€‚
12:00
On the other hand we have miserly, miserly.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€็งใŸใก ใฏใ‘ใกใชใ€ใ‘ใกใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:05
If you're miserly, then you hate to spend money.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‘ใกใชใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใŒๅซŒใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:09
We have giving, giving which again means,
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็งใŸใกใซใฏไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใคใพใ‚ŠไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ
12:13
you are willing to give freely
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‡ช็”ฑใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใจใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใŒ
12:16
and on the other hand we have mean, mean
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ใ€ไธ€ๆ–นใง็งใŸใกใซใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
12:20
which means you are unwilling to give or to share.
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ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚„ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใพใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:23
We also have frugal, frugal
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ใพใŸใ€่ณช็ด ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚
12:28
and if you're frugal it means you only use
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚่ณช็ด ใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ ใ‘ใฎ้ฃŸๆ–™ใ‚„ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
12:30
as much food or money as necessary.
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ใ€‚
12:33
On the other hand we have extravagant, extravagant
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ่ด…ๆฒขใง่ด…ๆฒขใช
12:38
which means that you spend a lot more than you can afford.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ™่ฃ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅคšใใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:43
Now let's discuss adjectives
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไป–ใฎไบบ
12:44
which describe your attitude around other people.
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ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’่กจใ™ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
12:48
We have humble, humble.
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็งใŸใกใฏ่ฌ™่™šใง่ฌ™่™šใงใ™ใ€‚
12:51
If you're humble you show that you don't think,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฌ™่™šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€
12:53
you are as important as other people.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไป–ใฎไบบใ€…ใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
12:56
On the opposite side we have arrogant, arrogant
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ๅๅฏพๅดใซ ใฏใ€ๅ‚ฒๆ…ขใ€ๅ‚ฒๆ…ขใŒ
13:00
which means that you behave in a proud or unpleasant way
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ่ช‡ใ‚‰ใ—ใ’ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏไธๅฟซใซๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ใ€
13:04
and think you are better than others.
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ไป–ใฎไบบใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:06
We also have modest, modest.
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ๆŽงใˆใ‚ใชใ€ๆŽงใˆใ‚ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:10
If you're modest then you don't talk much,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฌ™่™šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
13:12
about your own abilities and achievements.
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ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใจๆฅญ็ธพใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฉฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:15
On the other hand we have vain, vain
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏ็„ก้ง„ใŒ
13:19
which means you are overly proud of your own appearance,
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅค–่ฆ‹ใ€
13:22
abilities or achievements.
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่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆˆๆžœใ‚’้Žๅบฆใซ่ช‡ใ‚Šใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:24
The next one submissive, submissive,
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ๆฌกใฎๅพ“้ †ใชๅพ“้ †ใชใ‚‚ใฎ
13:28
is both approving or positive and disapproving, negative.
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ใฏใ€่ณ›ๆˆใพใŸใฏ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธๆ‰ฟ่ชใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:33
Probably leaning more on to the negative side
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚‚ใฃใจใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๅด้ขใซๅ‚พใ„ใฆใ„
13:35
but it means you are too willing to accept authority.
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆจฉๅจใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใจใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:39
You're willing to obey them without question.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็–‘ใ„ใชใๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅพ“ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใจใ‚ใชใ„ใ€‚
13:42
On the other side, again it's normally negative
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ๅๅฏพใซใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏ่ฒ ใฎๅ€คใงใ™
13:44
but it can be positive sometimes, bossy, bossy.
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ใŒใ€ๆญฃใฎๅ€คใซใชใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:50
This means that you're always telling people what to do.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅธธใซ ไบบใ€…ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใใ‹ใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:53
Finally, let's talk about adjectives that can describe
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
13:57
how relaxed you are as a person.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไบบใจใ—ใฆใฉใ‚Œใปใฉใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่กจใ™ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:59
We have chilled, chilled and this is slightly more slang,
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็งใŸใกใฏๅ†ทใ‚„ใ—ใ€ๅ†ทใ‚„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ™ใ€
14:05
it is derived from the phrasal verb to chill out.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅ†ทใ‚„ใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‹ใ‚‰ๆดพ็”Ÿใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:08
You're chilled out, you are chilled
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ†ท้™ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๅ†ท้™ใซ
14:11
and this means you are very relaxed.
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้žๅธธใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:13
On the other hand we have tense, tense.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:17
This means you are nervous or worried and unable to relax.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:22
We also have laid back, laid back.
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็ง้”ใฏใพใŸใฎใ‚“ใณใ‚Šใ€ใฎใ‚“ใณใ‚Šใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:27
This means you're calm and relaxed
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ
14:29
and never seem to worry about anything.
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:31
On the other hand, we have uptight, uptight
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็ทŠๅผตใ—
14:36
which means you are anxious or upset about something.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:40
We also have optimistic, optimistic
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ใพใŸใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ™
14:43
which means you are positive
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ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‰ๅ‘ใ
14:44
and expect good things to happen.
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ใงใ€่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:47
We also have pessimistic, pessimistic
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ใพใŸใ€ๆ‚ฒ่ฆณ็š„ใ€ๆ‚ฒ่ฆณ็š„ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
14:51
which means you expect bad things to happen.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:55
Right, your homework for today is to include,
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ใใ† ใงใ™ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅฎฟ้กŒใฏใ€
14:58
five of these adjectives in a comment down below
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎใ†ใก5ใคใ‚’ ไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๅซใ‚ใฆใ€
15:01
and use them to describe yourself.
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่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
15:03
So I want maybe three to four sentences about yourself,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆใ‚“ใ 
15:07
using some of the adjectives that we've learned today
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซใคใ„ใฆ3ใ€œ4ๆ–‡ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ
15:10
and if you could include any others
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15:12
that would be really really good.
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ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:14
That's it for this lesson,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏไปฅไธŠ
15:15
I hope you enjoyed it and I hope you learned something.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:18
Don't forget to check out Italki,
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Italkiใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
15:20
the link to sign up is in the description box.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏ ใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ข
15:23
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
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ใง็งใจใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
15:25
I've got my Facebook, my Instagram and my twitter
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Facebookใ€Instagramใ€Twitterใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง
15:28
and I shall see you soon for another lesson now.
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ใ€ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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