What tech companies know about your kids | Veronica Barassi

Transcriber: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Joanna Pietrulewicz

Translator: Shokhnur Akhmedov Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

Every day, every week,

Har kuni, har hafta

we agree to terms and conditions.

biz foydalanish shartlariga rozi bo'lamiz.

And when we do this,

Va biz rozi bo'lganimzida

we provide companies with the lawful right

biz kompaniyalarga qonuniy huquq taqdim etamiz

to do whatever they want with our data

ma'lumotlarimiz bilan istalgan ish qilishiga

and with the data of our children.

va farzandlarimizning ma'lumotlari bilan ham.

Which makes us wonder:

Hayron qolarlisi,

how much data are we giving away of children,

biz bolalarning ancha ma'lumotlarini berib yuboryapmiz.

and what are its implications?

Bularning oqibati qanday bo'ladi?

I'm an anthropologist,

Men antropologman,

and I'm also the mother of two little girls.

shuningdek, ikki qizchaning onasiman.

And I started to become interested in this question in 2015

Men bu savolga 2015-yilda qiziqishni boshlagandim.

when I suddenly realized that there were vast --

O'shanda kutilmaganda shuni angladim,

almost unimaginable amounts of data traces

ulkan va aql bovar qilmas hajmdagi bolalar haqidagi ma'lumotlar

that are being produced and collected about children.

ishlab chiqarilishi va to'planishini.

So I launched a research project,

Shu tarzda ilmiy loyihamni boshladim.

which is called Child Data Citizen,

Uni Bola Ma'lumot Fuqaro deb nomladim

and I aimed at filling in the blank.

va bo'shliqni to'ldirishni maqsad qildim.

Now you may think that I'm here to blame you

Endi o'ylashingiz mumkin meni hozir sizni aybdor qiladi deb

for posting photos of your children on social media,

ijtimoiy tarmoqga farzandingiz rasmini joylaganingiz uchun

but that's not really the point.

ammo gap bunda emas,

The problem is way bigger than so-called "sharenting."

Muammo bundan ko'ra ancha yirikroqdir.

This is about systems, not individuals.

Hammasi tizimga bog'liq, odamlarga emas.

You and your habits are not to blame.

SIz va sizning odatlaringiz aybdor emas.

For the very first time in history,

Tarixda birinchi bor,

we are tracking the individual data of children

biz bolalarning ma'lumotlarini kuzatmoqdamiz

from long before they're born --

ularning tug'ilishidan ancha oldin

sometimes from the moment of conception,

urug'lanish paytidan boshlab,

and then throughout their lives.

va butun hayoti davomida.

You see, when parents decide to conceive,

Bilamizki, ota-onalar farzand ko'rishmoqchi bo'lsihganida,

they go online to look for "ways to get pregnant,"

ular "homilador bo'lish yo'llari"ni onlayn qidirishadi,

or they download ovulation-tracking apps.

yoki ovulyatsiyani kuzatadgan ilovalarni yuklab olishadi.

When they do get pregnant,

Ular homilador bo'lishganida esa,

they post ultrasounds of their babies on social media,

ular chaqalog'ining ultratovushini ijtimoiy tarmoqqa yuklaydi,

they download pregnancy apps

homiladorlik ilovalarini yuklab olishadi

or they consult Dr. Google for all sorts of things,

yoki Doktor Google bilan hamma narsa haqida maslahatlashishadi,

like, you know --

o'zingiz bilasiz --

for "miscarriage risk when flying"

"parvoz davomida bolaning tushib qolish xavfi"

or "abdominal cramps in early pregnancy."

yoki "erta homiladorlikdagi qorindagi spazmlar" haqida.

I know because I've done it --

Men bilaman, chunki shunday qilganman

and many times.

va ko'p marta.

And then, when the baby is born, they track every nap,

Bola tug'ilganida esa, ular kuzatishadi: uning har uyqusini,

every feed,

ovqatlanishini,

every life event on different technologies.

hayotining har bir harakatini, turli texnologiyalarda.

And all of these technologies

Va bu texnologiyalar

transform the baby's most intimate behavioral and health data into profit

chaqaloqning shaxsiy ma'lumotlarini foydaga aylantirishadi, ularni

by sharing it with others.

boshqalar bilan ulashgan holda.

So to give you an idea of how this works,

Mana bu qanday ishlaydi,

in 2019, the British Medical Journal published research that showed

2019-yilda Britaniya Tibbiyot Jurnali bir tadqiqotni nashr qildi.

that out of 24 mobile health apps,

Unda aytilishicha 24 mobil sog'liq ilovasidan

19 shared information with third parties.

19 tasi ma'lumotlarni uchinchi tomon bilan bo'lishishgan.

And these third parties shared information with 216 other organizations.

Va bu uchinchi tomonlar ma'lumotni 216 tashkilot bilan bo'lishishgan.

Of these 216 other fourth parties,

Bu 216 tashkilotdan

only three belonged to the health sector.

bor-yo'g'i uchtasi sog'liqni saqlash tizimiga oid.

The other companies that had access to that data were big tech companies

Ma'lumotga kirish huquqi bor kompaniyalar orasida katta texnologiya kompaniyalari

like Google, Facebook or Oracle,

Google, Facebook va Oracle kabilar bor.

they were digital advertising companies

Ular raqamli reklama kompaniyalaridir,

and there was also a consumer credit reporting agency.

shuningdek iste'mol kreditlari bo'yicha agentlik ham bor.

So you get it right:

Siz to'g'ri topdingiz:

ad companies and credit agencies may already have data points on little babies.

Ularda allaqachon chaqaloqlar haqida ma'lumotlar bor.

But mobile apps, web searches and social media

Ammo mobil ilovalar, veb qidiruvlar va ijtimoiy tarmoqlar

are really just the tip of the iceberg,

shunchaki aysbergning bir uchidir.

because children are being tracked by multiple technologies

Chunki turli texnologiyalar bolalarni kuzatib borishadi

in their everyday lives.

Ularning kundalik hayoti davomida.

They're tracked by home technologies and virtual assistants in their homes.

Ular uy texnologiyalari va uydagi virtual yordamchilar tomonidan kuzatiladi.

They're tracked by educational platforms

Ta'lim platformasi ham ularni kuzatishadi

and educational technologies in their schools.

va maktabdagi ta'lim texnologiyalari ham.

They're tracked by online records

Onlayn yozuvlari ham kuzatiladi

and online portals at their doctor's office.

va shifoxonalaridagi onlayn portallari ham.

They're tracked by their internet-connected toys,

Ularni internetli o'yinchoqlar, ularning onlayn

their online games

o'yinlari orqali kuzatishadi

and many, many, many, many other technologies.

va boshqa judayam ko'plab texnologiyalar orqali.

So during my research,

Tadqiqotim davomida

a lot of parents came up to me and they were like, "So what?

ko'plab ota-onalar oldimga kelishardi va "Ho'sh nima bo'libdi?" deyishardi.

Why does it matter if my children are being tracked?

"Nima farqi bor bolalarim kuzatilishini?

We've got nothing to hide."

Yashiradigan narsamiz yo'q."

Well, it matters.

Lekin, farqi bor.

It matters because today individuals are not only being tracked,

Farqi bor, chunki hozirda odamlarni nafaqat kuzatishadi,

they're also being profiled on the basis of their data traces.

balki, ularning ma'lumoti alohida yig'iladi qidiruv tarixiga asoslanib,

Artificial intelligence and predictive analytics are being used

sun'iy ong va bashorat tahlillari uchun ishlatiladi.

to harness as much data as possible of an individual life

Inson hayoti bo'yicha iloji boricha ko'p ma'lumot yig'ish uchun

from different sources:

turli manbalardan:

family history, purchasing habits, social media comments.

oila tarixi, xarid qilish odatlari va ijtimoiy tarmoq izohlaridan.

And then they bring this data together

Keyin ular bu ma'lumotlarni jamlashadi.

to make data-driven decisions about the individual.

Ma'lumotga asoslangan qaror chiqarish uchun

And these technologies are used everywhere.

bunday texnologiyalar hamma yerda ishlatiladi.

Banks use them to decide loans.

Banklar bularni kredit, qarz berishda ishlatishadi,

Insurance uses them to decide premiums.

sug'urta kompaniayalari esa premiyani aniqlashda.

Recruiters and employers use them

Ish beruvchilar ham ulardan foydalanishadi.

to decide whether one is a good fit for a job or not.

Nomzod ishga to'gri kelishi yoki kelmasligini aniqlashda.

Also the police and courts use them

Shuningdek, politsiya va sud ham jinoyatchini aniqlashda

to determine whether one is a potential criminal

ulardan foydalanishadi,

or is likely to recommit a crime.

yoki qayta jinoyatga moyilligini aniqlaganda.

We have no knowledge or control

Bizda ma'lumotlarni sotadigan, sotib oladigan va tahlil qiladiganlar

over the ways in which those who buy, sell and process our data

ustidan hech qanday ko'nikma yoki nazorat yo'q.

are profiling us and our children.

Ular bizni va bolalarimizning ma'lumotlarini yig'ishadi.

But these profiles can come to impact our rights in significant ways.

Lekin bu yig'ilgan ma'lumotlar huquqlarimizni yetarlicha buzishadi.

To give you an example,

Misol uchun,

in 2018 the "New York Times" published the news

2018-yil New York Times yangiligida aytilishicha

that the data that had been gathered

onlayn kollejni reja qilish tizimi orqali

through online college-planning services --

yig'ilgan ma'lumotlarda

that are actually completed by millions of high school kids across the US

AQSH bo'ylab millionlab maktab o'quvchilari ma'lumoti yig'ilgan

who are looking for a college program or a scholarship --

kollej programmasi yoki grant qidirib yurgan o'quvchilar orasidan

had been sold to educational data brokers.

va bu ma'lumotlar o'quv brokerlariga sotilgan.

Now, researchers at Fordham who studied educational data brokers

Hozirda, Fordhamda o'quv brokerlarini o'rgangan tadqiqotchilar

revealed that these companies profiled kids as young as two

bolalarning ikki yoshligidan ma'lumoti to'planishini oshkor qilishdi.

on the basis of different categories:

Turli yo'nalishlar bo'yicha:

ethnicity, religion, affluence,

millati, dini, boyligi,

social awkwardness

ijtimoiy ahvoli

and many other random categories.

va ko'plab boshqa turli yo'nalishlar bo'yicha.

And then they sell these profiles together with the name of the kid,

Keyin ular bu yig'ilgan profillarni bolalarning ismi,

their home address and the contact details

uy manzili va kontaktlari bilan birga

to different companies,

turli kompaniyalarga sotishadi,

including trade and career institutions,

savdo va ta'lim dargohlaridan tortib,

student loans

talaba qarzlari,

and student credit card companies.

talaba kredit karta kompaniyasigacha.

To push the boundaries,

Aniqlashtirish uchun,

the researchers at Fordham asked an educational data broker

Fordhamdagi tadqiqotchilar o'quv brokeridan

to provide them with a list of 14-to-15-year-old girls

14-15 yoshli qizlar ro'yxati bilan ta'minlashni so'rashdi.

who were interested in family planning services.

Masalan, oilaviy reja qilishga qiziqadiganlarini.

The data broker agreed to provide them the list.

Broker ro'yxatni berishga rozi bo'ldi.

So imagine how intimate and how intrusive that is for our kids.

Tasavvur qiling, bu qanchalik bolalarimiz uchun havfli bo'lishi mumkin.

But educational data brokers are really just an example.

Lekin o'quv brokerlari shunchaki bir misol.

The truth is that our children are being profiled in ways that we cannot control

Haqiqat shuki, bolalarimizning ma'lumoti yig'ilishini biz nazorat qilolmaymiz,

but that can significantly impact their chances in life.

ammo bu narsa ularning hayotiga yetarlicha ta'sir qiladi.

So we need to ask ourselves:

Biz o'zimizdan so'rashimiz kerak:

can we trust these technologies when it comes to profiling our children?

bolalarimizning ma'lumoti yig'ilganda biz bu texnologiyalarga ishona olamizmi?

Can we?

Aniq ishona olamizmi?

My answer is no.

Mening javobim "yo'q."

As an anthropologist,

Antropolog sifatida,

I believe that artificial intelligence and predictive analytics can be great

Sun'iy ong va bashorat tahlillari ajoyibdir.

to predict the course of a disease

Kasallik izini topishda

or to fight climate change.

yoki iqlim o'zgarishga qarshi kurashda.

But we need to abandon the belief

Bu qarashdan voz kechishimiz kerak:

that these technologies can objectively profile humans

ularning xolisona ma'lumot yig'ishida

and that we can rely on them to make data-driven decisions

va dalillarga asoslanib qaror chiqarishda ularga ishonishimizda,

about individual lives.

insonlar hayoti haqida.

Because they can't profile humans.

Chunki ular insonning aslini ko'rsatmaydi.

Data traces are not the mirror of who we are.

Ma'lumotlar bizning kimligimizning ko'zgusi emas.

Humans think one thing and say the opposite,

Odam bir narsani o'ylab, teskarisini aytadi,

feel one way and act differently.

ko'ngli buni desa, o'zi boshqa ishni qiladi.

Algorithmic predictions or our digital practices

Algoritmik bashoratlar yoki raqamli amaliyotlar

cannot account for the unpredictability and complexity of human experience.

insonning murakab tizimini oldindan aytib berolmaydi.

But on top of that,

Lekin, avvalambor

these technologies are always --

bu texnologiyalar har doim ham

always --

har doim ham

in one way or another, biased.

xolis emas.

You see, algorithms are by definition sets of rules or steps

Bilamizki, algoritmlar qoidalar yoki qadamlar to'plamidir.

that have been designed to achieve a specific result, OK?

Ma'lum bir natijaga erishish uchun ishlab chiqilgan, shunday emasmi?

But these sets of rules or steps cannot be objective,

Lekin bu qoidalar yoki qadamlar to'plami xolis emas,

because they've been designed by human beings

chunki ularni odamlar ishlab chiqishgan.

within a specific cultural context

Ma'lum bir madaniy jabxada

and are shaped by specific cultural values.

va o'ziga xos madaniy jihatlar bilan sayqallashgan.

So when machines learn,

Shunday ekan, mashinalar o'rganishsa

they learn from biased algorithms,

ular noxolis algoritmlar orqali o'rganishadi,

and they often learn from biased databases as well.

va ular noxolis ma'lumotlar bazasidan ham tezroq o'rganishadi.

At the moment, we're seeing the first examples of algorithmic bias.

Ayni paytda, algoritmik taraqqiyotning ilk misollarini ko'rishimiz mumkin.

And some of these examples are frankly terrifying.

Va ba'zi misollar rostan qo'rqinchlidir.

This year, the AI Now Institute in New York published a report

Shu yili, Ney-Yorkdagi AI Now Instituti hisobot chop etishdi:

that revealed that the AI technologies

shuni oshkor qilishdiki, sun'iy ong texnologiyalari

that are being used for predictive policing

bashorat qilishda ishlatilayotgan ekan,

have been trained on "dirty" data.

"kir" ma'lumotlarni aniqlashga o'rgatilgan.

This is basically data that had been gathered

Bu asosan shunday yig'ilganki,

during historical periods of known racial bias

tarixiy irqchillika oid ma'lumotlardan iborat va

and nontransparent police practices.

shaffof bo'lmagan politsiya ishlari ham bor.

Because these technologies are being trained with dirty data,

Bu texnologiyalar qora ma'lumotlarni ishlatgani uchun

they're not objective,

ular xolis emas,

and their outcomes are only amplifying and perpetrating

ularning oqibatlari esa faqatgina politsiya qilmishi va xatolarini

police bias and error.

ko'paytiradi va abadiylashtiradi.

So I think we are faced with a fundamental problem

Xo'sh, menimcha bizning jamiyatimiz muhim bir

in our society.

muammoga duch keldi.

We are starting to trust technologies when it comes to profiling human beings.

Biz ma'lumotlar yig'ishda ishlatiladigan texnologiyalarga ishonishni boshladik.

We know that in profiling humans,

Bilamizki, inson ma'lumotlarini yig'ishda

these technologies are always going to be biased

bu texnologiyalar har doim ham xolis bo'lmaydi

and are never really going to be accurate.

va hech qachon aniq bo'lmaydi.

So what we need now is actually political solution.

Hozir bizga kerak bo'lgan narsa bu siyosiy yechimdir.

We need governments to recognize that our data rights are our human rights.

Hukumatlarimiz bizning ma'lumot huquqimiz insoniy huquqimiz ekanini tan olishi kerak

(Applause and cheers)

(Qarsaklar va hayqiriqlar)

Until this happens, we cannot hope for a more just future.

Ungacha biz kelajakka umid bilan qaray olmaymiz.

I worry that my daughters are going to be exposed

Men qizlarimning algoritmik kamsitilishi va xatolarga

to all sorts of algorithmic discrimination and error.

duchor bo'lishidan xavotirdaman.

You see the difference between me and my daughters

Men bilan qizlarim o'rtasidagi farq shundaki,

is that there's no public record out there of my childhood.

mening bolaligim haqida umuman ochiq ma'lumotlar yo'q.

There's certainly no database of all the stupid things that I've done

Shubhasiz men o'smirlik vaqtimda qilgan va o'ylagan barcha ahmoqona ishlarning

and thought when I was a teenager.

ma'lumot bazasi yo'q.

(Laughter)

(Kulgi)

But for my daughters this may be different.

Ammo qizlarim uchun bu boshqacha bo'lishi mumkin.

The data that is being collected from them today

Ularning ma'lumoti bugundan boshlab yig'ilib borilmoqda,

may be used to judge them in the future

u kelajakda ularni ustidan hukm chiqarish uchun ishlatilishi mumkin

and can come to prevent their hopes and dreams.

va ularning orzu-umidlariga to'sqinlik qilishi mumkin.

I think that's it's time.

Menimcha, vaqti keldi.

It's time that we all step up.

Harakat qilish vaqt keldi.

It's time that we start working together

Barchamizning birga ishlash vaqtimiz keldi

as individuals,

inson sifatida,

as organizations and as institutions,

tashkilot va muassassa sifatida,

and that we demand greater data justice for us

va biz ko'proq ma'lumot adolatini talab qilamiz, o'zimiz uchun

and for our children

va farzandlarimiz uchun

before it's too late.

juda kech bo'lishidan oldin.

Thank you.

Tashakkur.

(Applause)

(Qarsaklar)