Practice Past Perfect Tense | Basic English Grammar Course | Check Up

59,071 views ・ 2020-07-03

Shaw English Online


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi, everybody.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„.
00:01
I'm Esther.
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μ €λŠ” μ—μŠ€λ”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:02
Now let's take a look at some practice exercises for the basic usage of the past perfect tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ— λŒ€ν•œ
λͺ‡ 가지 μ—°μŠ΅ 문제λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:09
Take a look at the first sentence.
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첫 번째 λ¬Έμž₯을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:11
β€˜I blank for six hours before I had a break.’
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'λ‚˜λŠ” νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κΈ° 전에 6μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 곡백을 λ‘‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
00:16
The verb here is β€˜work’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'μΌν•˜λ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
Remember, we need to say β€˜I had’.
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'λ‚΄κ°€ κ°€μ‘Œμ—ˆλ‹€'라고 말해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
No matter what the subject is, say β€˜had’.
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μ£Όμ œκ°€ 무엇이든 'had'라고 λ§ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
00:27
And then, you take the past participle of the verb.
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그런 λ‹€μŒ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 과거뢄사λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
In this case, we would say β€˜worked’.
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이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 'μΌν–ˆλ‹€'κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
β€˜I had worked for six hours before I had a break.’
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'λ‚˜λŠ” νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κΈ° 전에 6μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
00:41
For the next sentence, I want you to try the negative form.
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λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” λΆ€μ •ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ λ³΄μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
β€˜We blank TV before we listened to the radio.’
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'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΌλ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ“£κΈ° 전에 TVλ₯Ό μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
00:51
Remember, for the negative form, we say β€˜had not’
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λΆ€μ •ν˜•μ˜ 경우 'had not'이라고 말
00:55
or we use the contraction, β€˜hadn't’.
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ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 'hadn't'λΌλŠ” μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
00:59
β€˜We hadn’t’.
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'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€'.
01:01
And then, we need the past participle.
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그리고 과거뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
β€˜We hadn't watched TV before we listened to the radio.’
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'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΌλ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ“£κΈ° μ „μ—λŠ” TVλ₯Ό λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
01:12
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
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이제 λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ ν‹€λ¦° 뢀뢄을 μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
01:17
β€˜Reggie had it be to Mexico before he went to Peru.’
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'λ ˆμ§€λŠ” 페루둜 κ°€κΈ° 전에 λ©•μ‹œμ½”λ‘œ κ°€κ³€ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.'
01:23
Well, we have the subject here and for the negative, β€˜hadn't’ is correct.
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, 여기에 μ£Όμ œκ°€ 있고 뢀정에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 'μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'κ°€ λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
However, we need the past participle of the verb β€˜be’.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 동사 'be'의 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
So the correct answer is,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 정닡은
01:36
β€˜Reggie hadn't been to Mexico before he went to Peru.’
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'λ ˆμ§€λŠ” νŽ˜λ£¨μ— κ°€κΈ° 전에 λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ— κ°€λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€'이닀.
01:42
And finally, β€˜Sally and Jan or they had do their job.’
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, 'Sally와 Jan λ˜λŠ” 그듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
01:48
Hmm.
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흠.
01:49
Remember, we need the past participle.
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κ³Όκ±° 뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
01:52
We don't say do.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
We say β€˜done’.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'μ™„λ£Œ'라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
β€˜Sally and Jan had done their job before they watched TV.’
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'Sally와 Jan은 TVλ₯Ό 보기 전에 일을 λ§ˆμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
02:01
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
02:02
In this checkup, we'll take a look at some practice exercises
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이번 μ κ²€μ—μ„œλŠ”
기간을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ
02:06
for the past perfect tense that describes how long.
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μ‹œμ œ μ—°μŠ΅ 문제λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:10
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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첫 번째 λ¬Έμž₯을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. '
02:13
β€˜You blank at the park for three hours before you came home.’
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집에 였기 전에 μ„Έ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ
κ³΅μ›μ—μ„œ λ©ν•˜λ‹ˆ μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš” .'
02:19
Remember, we start with the subject and then β€˜had’.
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•œ λ‹€μŒ 'had'둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여기에 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
So I'm going to add that here,
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02:25
then we need the past participle of the verb β€˜be’.
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그러면 동사 'be'의 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
And that is β€˜been’.
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그리고 그것은 'λμ–΄μš”'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. '당신은
02:32
β€˜You had been at the park for three hours before you came home.’
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집에 였기 전에 μ„Έ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ
곡원에 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš” .'
02:38
The next sentence says,
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λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯은
02:39
β€˜They blank for six hours before they took a break.’
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'그듀은 νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κΈ° μ „ 6μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 곡백을 κ°–λŠ”λ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
Again, no matter what the subject, we have β€˜had’ and then the past participle.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ£Όμ œκ°€ 무엇
이든 'had'와 과거뢄사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
So the answer is,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λŒ€λ‹΅μ€
02:52
β€˜They had studied for six hours before they took a break.’
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'그듀은 쉬기 전에 6μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆλ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.
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이제 λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ ν‹€λ¦° 뢀뢄을 μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:02
It's a little bit longer so it might take you a while.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 쑰금 더 κ±Έλ €μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ’€ 걸릴 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
β€˜They had been known each other for ten years before they had their first fight.’
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'그듀은 첫 싸움을 ν•˜κΈ° μ „
10λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:13
Can you find the mistake?
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.' μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό 찾을 수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
03:15
Well, we have the subject and β€˜had’, but check this out.
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 주어와 'had'λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것을 확인해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:19
There are two past participles here.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” 과거뢄사가 두 개 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
We need to get rid of one of them.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
We can take out this verb and say, β€˜They had known each other for ten years
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이 동사λ₯Ό λΉΌλ©΄ '그듀은
첫 싸움을 ν•˜κΈ° μ „ 10λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€
03:32
before they had their first fight.’
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'라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
The next sentence says, β€˜I have played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.’
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λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯은 '
λ‚˜λŠ” 첫 골을 λ„£κΈ° 전에
μˆ˜λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 좕ꡬλ₯Ό ν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ '라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
This sentence doesn't look wrong at first.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯은 μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” ν‹€λ¦° 것 같지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
But remember, in the past perfect tense, we need to say β€˜had’.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”, κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ—μ„œλŠ”
'had'라고 말해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
β€˜I had played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.’
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' λ‚˜λŠ” 첫 골을 λ„£κΈ° 전에
μˆ˜λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 좕ꡬλ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .'
03:58
Good job, everybody.
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μž˜ν–ˆμ–΄μš”, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„. 계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
03:59
Let's move on.
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04:00
Great job, everyone.
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정말 μž˜ν–ˆμ–΄μš”, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„.
04:02
Now you have a better understanding of the past perfect tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄
더 잘 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:06
I know it can be a little difficult but keep studying,
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. 쑰금 μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 건 μ•Œμ§€λ§Œ
계속 κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κ³  μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜λ©΄
04:10
and keep practicing, and you will get better.
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λ‚˜μ•„μ§ˆ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
04:12
I know studying English is not easy but with time and effort,
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜λŠ” 것이 쉽지 μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό λ…Έλ ₯을 기울이면 μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
I know you'll master it.
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04:18
Thank you so much for watching and I'll see you in the next video.
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μ‹œμ²­ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ 정말 κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦¬λ©°
, λ‹€μŒ μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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