Learn Present Prefect Tense to Talk about Experiences in English - Lesson Only

694 views ใƒป 2021-10-10

Paper English - English Danny


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
what is present perfect tense this is a verb  tense that is very very common in english  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:12
present perfect is formed with  the present tense of the verb  
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00:16
have and the past participle of a verb so  what does that mean what is past participle  
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00:25
we're going to get into that for example i might  say i have changed or she has opened the book  
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด i๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด๋“ค์€
00:36
these are both examples of present perfect we have  subject i have and our past participle changed  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ฃผ์ œ i์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
she has opened the book so let's take a  look at a few different ways we can use  
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00:54
present perfect first we can use present  perfect for something that started in the past  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ
01:02
and continues in the present so started in  the past and continues today for example  
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์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
01:11
i have lived in korea for seven years this means  it started seven years ago and i still live  
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ 7๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. live
01:19
in korea today i have lived in korea for seven  years we can also use the present perfect when we  
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in korea today ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ 7 ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
are talking about our experience up to the present  until now for example i've seen that film before  
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01:38
and here we see we can take the words i have and  i've put them together that's called a contraction  
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ถ•์•ฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
so our experience up to the  present i've seen that film before
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ
01:53
we can use the present perfect for something  that happened in the past but is important in  
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์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฑ…์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ธฐ
01:59
the present like i can't study because i have  lost my book right i i have done this thing  
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
it's important today but it happened  in the past but it's important now  
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
so those are the three main  ways we use present perfect  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
if we want to make a present perfect sentence  negative we can add not this is how we make  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค not ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:26
many statements in english negative for example  i have lost weight yeah good thing i have not  
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02:36
lost weight oh maybe i am sad it's negative so  here please notice that we use not after have  
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ํ›„์— have
02:45
so we would not say i have lost not weight dang  we would say i have not lost weight all right  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” i have lost not weight dang we would say i have not lost weight all right
02:56
so let's take a look at some basic present perfect  sentences so we have our uh structure here subject  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
have or has passed participle and  dot dot the rest of the sentence  
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ์™€ ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
for example number one i have eaten at  that restaurant it has happened before
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์‹๋‹น์—์„œ ๋จน์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”
03:24
she has traveled to italy so number  two we see right if we use he she or it  
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ he she๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ it์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
have changes to has she has traveled to italy
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03:40
and our last example for just basic  form we haven't seen that movie so again  
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ
03:48
uh we can take have not and it becomes haven't we  could also do this she hasn't traveled to italy  
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์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:58
so these are the basic forms for present  perfect now that we have reviewed right what  
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04:06
is present perfect let's use the present  perfect for talking about our experience  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ํ˜•์„ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
up till the present for example i have  been studying english for 10 years
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04:24
so what experiences can we talk about with present  perfect well first we have to think what is  
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๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
04:31
an experience and experience is something you have  done it can be uh traveling it can be watching a  
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๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:42
movie it can be reading a book anything you  do is an experience it's something we do  
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:50
so here we're looking at experiences  that have happened sometime in the past  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” expe๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ผ
04:57
so what kind of experiences can we talk about  with present perfect we can talk about how long  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
you have been doing something for example how  long you've been studying something how long  
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05:13
you have been playing a certain instrument how  long you have been working somewhere how long  
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05:20
you've been doing anything we also often  use present perfect to talk about our work  
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
experience so if you ever have an interview in  english you will definitely use present perfect  
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
right you will be talking about your work  experience i have worked here for five years
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๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:45
and really anything you have done in the past  where you have traveled where you have lived  
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ณณ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ
05:52
where you have gone to school who you have met  and so on so first let's take a look at this  
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”๋Š”์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ ๋จผ์ € ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
this kind of experience how  long you've been doing something  
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•œ ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:04
we often use the words for and since to  talk about how long we have done things  
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์ผ์„ ํ•œ ์ง€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข…์ข… for์™€
06:12
so let's take a look at what these  words are and how we can use them  
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since๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:18
let's start with four we use the word for  to show how long or the length of time  
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4๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด for๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ
06:28
something has been happening so i'm going to  draw a line here 4 is the whole length of time  
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์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์„ ์„ ๊ทธ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 4๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:40
here are some examples i have studied english  for 10 years that means for this whole time  
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:52
i have studied english for how long for 10 years
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๋‚˜๋Š” 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:00
she has worked here for three months so again  for three months that shows us how long right  
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 3๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ 3๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ์€
07:08
the period of time the length of time and our  last example you have been watching this video  
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„
07:18
for 10 minutes right so how long for about 10  minutes so here we see we can use words like years  
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10๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋‹ˆ 10๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๋„, ์›”, ๋ถ„, ์ฃผ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
months minutes days weeks and so on any word  we use for length of time we can use with four  
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07:39
so a little different than four is the word since  we use sense to show when something started so  
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4์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
07:49
here's my line sense is when did it begin so let's  look at these examples how would i change these  
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ ์„  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:59
three sentences we're going to change them to  using since so i have studied english for 10 years  
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์ŠคํŠœ๊ฐ€์žˆ๋‹ค 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค
08:08
that's how long i have studied english since  when did i begin 2011 or 2011. same sentence  
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ 2011๋…„์ธ๊ฐ€ 2011๋…„
08:19
just a different way different words  for how long since when did you begin  
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08:27
okay she has worked here for three months  well it's june now so she has worked here  
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์ธ๊ฐ€. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 3์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ
08:34
since march right when did she begin  what month did she begin since march  
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08:41
and last one you have been watching this video for  10 minutes or you have been watching this video  
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08:49
since when did you begin since four o'clock  so be careful it can be tricky to remember the  
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์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ
08:57
difference four is how long since is when  did you begin so next we can use present  
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์ฐจ์ด์  4๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
perfect to talk about any experience we have  had in the past we often use words like before  
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09:17
already and yet to talk about whether or not  we have done things at any time in the past  
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:27
so let's take a closer look so let's take a  look at these sentences i'm going to show you  
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:34
three sentences and tell me do we  know when these things happened
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์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์–ธ์ œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
09:43
i have seen that movie before okay  do you know when i saw the movie
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๋‚˜๋Š” een that movie before ok ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๊ฒŒ ์–ธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
09:52
what about i have done my homework already  okay do you know when i did my homework
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š” ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
10:02
and last she has read that book okay  do we know when she read the book
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š” ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์–ธ์ œ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
10:11
no we do not we use present perfect to talk  about things that happen at non-specific times  
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
with words like before and already or even just a  normal sentence she has read that book so we use  
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์ด์ „ ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
10:29
present perfect and we're not using specific times  if we use specific times we use just simple past  
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
tense for example i saw that movie yesterday so if  we know the exact time we just use past simple i  
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
10:49
did my homework at five o'clock okay we have  a time we know when that's just simple past  
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5์‹œ์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
she read that book last month okay again  we know when so we just use simple past  
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œ ๋‹ฌ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:05
the key here is words like before already and  yet are all used to talk about non-specific times  
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถˆํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:15
so it just means well we're  going to talk about what it means  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
so let's talk about how to use before already and  yet so first let's talk about before and already
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alr ์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ eady and yet so first let's talk about before and already
11:31
these words are used to show that something  has happened at some unspecified or unstated  
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ถˆํŠน์ • ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
11:40
unsaid point in the past right i'm not using  words like yesterday last month or at 5 00 p.m  
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์–ด์ œ ์–ด์ œ๋‚˜ ์˜คํ›„ 5์‹œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
i am just talking about an unspecified  time it just has happened sometime before
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์ง€์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:59
so note about before before comes  at the end of sentences okay
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์ด์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
for example i have played this game before means  i have played this game at some point in the past  
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด์ „์— ์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:17
so i'm not telling you exactly when  maybe my friend and i are hanging out  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ธ์ œ ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
12:24
and uh she pulls out a video  game let's say it's um mario kart  
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ์–ด.
12:33
and she asks do you know how to play i might  say yeah i have played this game before  
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์Œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ค ์นดํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž
12:39
so it just means i have had this experience  i have done this before sometime in the past  
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์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง์ „์€
12:47
right before is a non-specific  unspecified time just some time before
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ํŠน์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง€์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:55
same with this sentence i  have been to atlanta before  
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
12:59
this just means i have been to  atlanta at some point in the past
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ์• ํ‹€๋žœํƒ€์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค n ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
13:06
already has the same or very similar meaning  but already can come at the end like before  
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ
13:16
or after have her has so let's see  both i have seen that movie already  
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13:23
this means i have seen that movie before  
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13:27
often we might use already in the short past  so a new movie i would say i've seen it already  
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์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ดค๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”
13:36
so maybe uh let's say a new new movie comes out  my friend asks hey sarah do you want to go see  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋งˆ ์ƒˆ ์ƒˆ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š” ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํ—ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ ์”จ ์˜ํ™” ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ๋ž˜์š”
13:43
the movie oh i've seen that movie already so  i don't want to watch it right i have had this  
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๊ทธ ์˜ํ™” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ดค๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—†์–ด์š” ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋‚˜๋Š”
13:49
experience before already so we see already can  come at the end but it can also come after half  
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜
13:58
i have already listened to that song that  means i have listened to that song before  
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
so remember both before and already mean that  it has happened sometime before in the past  
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:15
okay all right next let's take a look at  yet this word key point is only used as a  
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์ข‹์•„์š” ์ข‹์•„์š” ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์•„์ง ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
negative only only negative to show that something  has not happened but could happen in the future  
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14:36
so let's take a look also yet only comes at  the end of sentences so before and yet end  
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์•Œ ๋ด๋ด o yet์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์—๋งŒ ์˜ค๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์ „ ๋ฐ yet end
14:47
and end already can be end or after haver  has so it's a little more flexible but yet  
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๋ฐ end๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ end ๋˜๋Š” after haver๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง์€
14:55
always at the end of a negative sentence for  example i haven't been to that theme park  
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด i have not been to that theme park
15:04
yet this means i have not been to that theme  park at any time in the past i have not done  
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์•„์ง ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ…Œ๋งˆํŒŒํฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
15:12
it but i might go soon yet is a word that shows  that i could do it or i might want to do it  
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๊ณง ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
i haven't been there yet but i want to go  right the what it implies here i want to go
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
next example she hasn't come to class yet  this means so far since the class began  
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
15:39
she has not come to class but she  might come to class soon actually today  
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜
15:46
one of my students told me i was calling names  taking attendance called a name oh professor  
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๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์˜ค ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:54
she is not here yet but she will come later so  this is what yet implies so notice these sentences  
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ง ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
16:03
are negative because yet means has not happened  has not happened but maybe will in the future i  
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ง ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—
16:11
want to share a tip with you guys about figuring  out the past participle part of present perfect  
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ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆํฌ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
16:20
so let's take a look at these sentences and see  if you can right this is like self-study time  
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์ž ์ด๊ฑด ์ž์Šต ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„
16:27
i can't see you guys unfortunately but try to  say to yourself what is uh the past participle  
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆํฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด๋ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
16:35
so number one i have at this university for one  year what would the past participle be i have
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1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 1๋ฒˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:47
been at this university for one year number  two we have at this job for five years we have  
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17:00
worked at this job for five years number three  you have english since elementary school you have  
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ
17:11
studied english he has to many countries he has  gone she has very well in this class she has  
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ
17:24
done very well so we're going to take  a closer look at these past participles  
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:29
we can see some just have ed and others are  totally different so let me give you a little tip  
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ed์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŒ์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:40
there's an easy way well a kind of easy  way that we can figure out what the past  
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17:46
participle is going to be can we just  add edie or does the word need to change  
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17:54
and we know this by whether  or not it's a regular verb  
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d ์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€
17:58
or irregular verb okay regular means like normal  and irregular not normal so let's take a look  
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๊ทœ๋Š” ์ •์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์ •์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
18:09
so let's see how do we know if it's a regular verb  so we're going to think about the simple past to  
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์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
18:15
answer these questions okay so let's take a look  at the verb work so present tense today i work  
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ i ์ž‘์—… ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€
18:25
what would past tense be past tense yesterday i  worked regular verb in past tense we just add ed  
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด์ œ i ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ed
18:36
means it's a regular verb so in present perfect  it's the same i have worked visit okay today i  
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์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ it's the same i have working visit okay today i
18:47
visit yesterday i visited regular verb we just add  eed so past participle is the same i have visited
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visit ์–ด์ œ I visit regular verb we just add eed so ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ is the same i have visit
19:01
hike today i hike the mountain  yesterday i hiked the mountain regular  
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hiking ์˜ค๋Š˜ i hiking the mountain ์–ด์ œ i hiking the mountain regular
19:10
verb just uh add d in this case edie ending hiked  so past participle same i have hiked perform  
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verb just uh ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ d๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ edie ์–ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ๋จ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋™์ผ i have ํ•˜์ดํ‚น ๊ณต์—ฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ
19:21
past tense i uh today i perform yesterday i  performed so past participle same i have performed  
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i uh ์˜ค๋Š˜ i ๊ณต์—ฐ ์–ด์ œ i ๊ณต์—ฐ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ same i have perform
19:32
try today i try yesterday i tried past participle  i have tried so anytime we have a regular verb  
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹œ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:43
where in the simple past we just add ed then  past participle is the same now what about  
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ed๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
19:53
irregular verbs we're gonna go through these a  little quickly okay first irregular not normal  
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์ •์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
we cannot just add ed to these verbs be so  let's say the sentence is today i am yesterday i  
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์— ed๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ i
20:13
was irregular cannot just add ed so  our past participle here i have been  
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ed๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
20:20
can't just add ed doesn't stay the same  go today i go to school yesterday i  
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ed๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
went to school irregular right can't just  add ed so our past participle i have gone  
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't just add ed so our ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ i have gone
20:38
today i do yesterday i did irregular i  have done today i see a movie yesterday i  
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today i do ์–ด์ œ i did ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ i have done today ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š”
20:49
saw a movie irregular i have seen today i win the  game yesterday i won the game irregular and in  
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์˜ํ™” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ณธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ
21:00
this case it's also one i have one so this part  is the easy part when it comes to remembering  
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์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„
21:10
uh the irregular past participles  i have been i have gone i have done  
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์ž„ ์–ด ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ i have been i have gone i have done
21:17
there's no easy way right they're all different  so this really just comes from listening  
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21:22
reading and becoming familiar but you  can at least know if it's a regular verb  
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์ฝ๋‹ค ing ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
just add ed in past tense then  your past participle is the same  
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์— ed๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
all right guys last thing last thing  last thing let's put it together  
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21:41
so i'm gonna throw some sentences up here  and i want you guys to find the mistake
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
21:49
okay question one i have worked here for 2018.
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2018๋…„์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
there is one mistake what is the mistake  in this sentence um would i say 4 2018
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:09
dang i would say since right  because sense is the starting point  
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22:17
four means how long so i could say i have worked  here for three years or i have worked here since  
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 2018๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
2018. okay number two she has watched  this movie yet this one's a little tricky
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊นŒ๋‹ค
22:36
okay did you did you guys find it so here we're  using the word yet and remember we can only use  
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๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
22:47
yet in a negative sentence so we would have  to say she has not watched this movie yet  
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ด ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:57
yet is always always always always with not i have  not done it yet but i want to do it in the future  
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์•„์ง์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:09
okay here we go you have  before watched this live stream
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ore ์ด ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
what's the mistake here what is wrong with this  sentence hmm well before is a word that we cannot  
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ  ์ด์ „์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์— ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์— ๋์œผ๋กœ
23:27
put after have we need to move before to the end  over here you have watched this live stream before
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์ด๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:39
before always comes at the end of a sentence if  it was the word already then we could say you have  
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๋ฉด
23:46
already watched this live stream uh but  here we're using before so comes at the end  
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์ด ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์‹œ์ฒญํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” before๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋„ค
23:55
okay number four we have went to this  school since 2020. okay well this is  
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๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” 2020๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
correct since 2020 right starting point check  that's good what's wrong with this sentence
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2020๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ž‘์  ํ™•์ธ ์ข‹์•„์š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:12
here we have a problem with the past  participle the past participle of go is  
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค go์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š”
24:20
gone we have gone to this school since 2020  and last one he have already finished his test  
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์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2020๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ”๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋งˆ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜
24:29
okay so what's the problem here  already nope that's in the right place  
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ์ฃ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:37
already we can use after have it's the only  one we can do with that we learned today  
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24:43
here the problem is have he has already finished  his test all right guys uh so now that we're all  
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h ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘
24:55
done i'm looking forward to seeing your comments  and tell me about your experiences in the comments
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๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์˜๊ฒฌ์—์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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