Free English Class! Topic: Air! 🍃🌬️⛵ (Lesson Only)

Well, hello and welcome to this English lesson where I'm going

to talk about words and phrases related to air and in the chat

Earlier Island Resort was asking what is air well air is

everything that's around you that you can't see. it's what

we breathe. It's what we need to live so welcome. I just want

to start again and say welcome to this English lesson about

air. I'm sure you will enjoy it. I did a previous lesson on

fire and I did a previous lesson on water. you can

probably. Guess what next week's lesson is going to be,

but today's lesson will be about air. It will be about

that invisible awesome stuff that is around us that you only

really see when the wind blows you can see the effect that air

has on stuff, but you can't actually see air so welcome to

this English lesson about air. So again, air is not something

you can see, but it's incredibly important. We need

air to live. We need air to function every single day. It

is a vitally important thing in our life. You can see the

effects of air, but you can't see air. I'm looking out the

window as I talk. I'm facing a window so I can see the leaves

on the tree moving because the air is moving, but I can't

actually see the air, but it's definitely all around us. We

would say that. It is invisible. Hey stool. Thanks

for the super sticker very, very kind of you. Thank you

very much for that. so air makes up our atmosphere. The

atmosphere is the layer of gases around the earth and

primarily primarily. It's basically air. The atmosphere

is just a very thin layer, though in the grand scheme of

things, I'm not sure if you're familiar with those that

phrase. But when you say in the. Grand Scheme of things you

mean when you're looking at everything altogether the size

of the earth compared to the atmosphere, the earth is

gigantic and the atmosphere is relatively thin. I mean it's

many many kilometers thick, but it is the layer of air that is

around our planet. It's why we are alive so air is made up of

many things, but primarily it is made up of nitrogen and

oxygen. Okay, two elements it is made up of nitrogen and

oxygen. It also has some other gases in it in smaller amounts.

It has argan and carbon dioxide and a few other trace gases.

When you say something's a trace gas, it's very very

small, but primarily it's about 78% nitrogen that's rounded by

the way and 21% oxygen. I think it's actually like 78.00. Or .9

percent, and then 20.95% or something, but I rounded the

percentages to make it a little easier to understand but air is

made up of many things, But the vast majority of the air is

made up. I'm sorry air is primarily made up of nitrogen

and oxygen and various small gases. When we talk about air,

we have a couple of ways to refer to it. When we go

outside, We often say we're going out to get some fresh air

or it's nice to go camping because then there's lots of

fresh air. The air in our apartments and in our houses is

sometimes not fresh air. We might call it stale air or we

might say it's stuffy. but often when our kids were

younger when they were super excited and running around the

house, we would say, go outside and get some. Fresh air so

fresh air is a term we use to talk about clean air. that's

outside. Generally. If you live in a city, the air might not be

super clean. You might need to drive out to the countryside to

get some fresh air. Fresh air is certainly air that is clean

and even in the spring here, the air smells really nice

outside. one of the problems that we have on the planet is

that we have air pollution and we talked about. In a previous

lesson, I did a lesson where I talked about pollution. air

pollution is when factories and even cars put things into the

air that don't really belong there in Canada, we have a lot

of air pollution, but because there aren't very many people

in Canada, it's not as bad as other parts of the world. so in

Canada in our larger cities when you go close to the large

highways where there's lots of cars or when you go to the air.

Where there are lots of factories, you'll see a lot of

air pollution. Our government and other governments around

the world usually have people who measure the air quality air

quality is a measure or a system where they can decide

how good the air is on a particular day in Ontario

Canada in the summer. It's very very humid in the summer. when

it's humid, there's a lot of moisture in the air and because

we have a lot of cars and a lot of factories sometimes in the

summer. when it's humid, the air quality is not very good.

Okay. The air has a lot of. In it, but it also has a lot of

pollution in it, so we have bad air quality and they'll say

that on the news, they'll say air quality today is really

good around Toronto or they'll say if you're heading to

Toronto today, the air quality is not very good. So there are

two things I need to talk about. That's the word breath

and the verb to breathe. Okay. We all need to breathe when you

breathe you inhale and then you exhale. So hopefully you heard

that when you inhale you bring air into your lungs and when

you exhale you push air back out again. This is a natural

process for all animals and humans because we need to

extract oxygen from the air so to brew. That is the verb we

use to talk about when we inhale air and exhale air.

Okay. It's always good to to breathe calmly and slowly when

you need to relax. but breath is the actual noun. Okay. So

when I exhale my breath comes out of my mouth. Okay. So

breathing to breathe is the verb to talk about taking air

in and out. but when you like when I. My breath, my breath is

coming out of the mouth. My mouth so to breathe is the verb

and breath is the noun to refer to the air that you are

breathing. Here's a better way to maybe understand it when you

are underwater. you sometimes need to hold your breath. Okay.

So this person is underwater and he is holding his breath

because you can't breathe underwater. If you've ever

accidentally try to inhale while underwater you get water

in your lungs and then you start to cough. It's not a nice

feeling. I had it happen. A couple times as a kid, but when

you go underwater, you need to hold your breath. so you do not

breathe and you I mentioned this earlier when you breathe,

you inhale because you need air to go into your lungs and you

exhale and the air comes back out of your lungs. So in our

bodies we have an organ called the lungs. There are two sides

and when you breathe, the lungs inflate to bring air in and

then they deflate when they push air out personal. About

lungs When I had heart surgery, they actually went in through

the right side of my body and across so I have an incision

here and they deflated my right lung during the surgery.

Obviously I was unconscious. I don't remember this but for a

couple days afterwards, my right lung hurt a little bit.

so your lungs are what you use to breathe. It's what you use

to inhale air and then exhale air. And we refer to air as

being breathable so to extend on the verb to breathe and the

noun breath we do have what's called breathable air. If you

go scuba diving, you will fill your tanks with breathable air

air that is good to breathe air. that is about 78% nitrogen

and 20% oxygen. Hopefully I got those numbers right. so as I

just kind of mentioned, sometimes after you do

exercise, you are out of breath you've. Maybe done some

running, maybe just walking fast. Maybe you've just played

a sport and you're breathing really really quickly and you

are you feel out of breath so the feeling of being out of

breath is usually something that happens after you do

something athletic or after you play a sport and then you might

just need to catch your breath. so to catch one's breath means

to pause and to stop doing something like running or

playing a sport in order to be able to breathe normally again.

so if you have ever. Played hockey in hockey There are

shifts so when I was younger, I played a little bit of hockey

at the end of my shift on the ice, I would be out of breath

and I always look forward to sitting on the bench for a few

minutes to catch my breath. Okay. So when you are out of

breath, you're like you're breathing very quickly. It's

like you can't get enough air in your body and then when you

stop for a bit, eventually you catch your breath. you're

breathing returns to normal I use. To also when I was younger

run in five K races, not a lot, I did it more for fun. I wasn't

like a professional runner or anything and sometimes during

the five K race, I would walk for about 30 seconds or a

minute just to catch my breath. I wasn't in great shape, so one

thing that people have been not. Having to worry about too

much for the past year is something called bad breath

when you eat food and you don't brush your teeth and you do

that for a while. your breath starts to smell bad and we

would say you have bad breath because we are all two meters

apart because we've been spending over a year staying

away from people. I have not smelled a bad breath from

anyone for twelve or 13 months or more. So. Bad breath is

definitely something that's not very nice by the way when I was

a student. I had a teacher that always had bad breath. That's

not a very nice thing at all when the teacher comes to

answer your question and they have bad breath. It's an

uncomfortable situation. for sure, let's see here. I see

Maria saying Brent from American English with this guy

was out of breath after teaching while running over

stairs. Twenty times. Yes. Brent has a video by the way

where he teaches English while running up and down the stairs.

You will probably see him eventually be out of breath and

then I think he'll probably catch his breath at the end. so

we have a phrase you can describe someone or something

as a breath of fresh air. so you let's say at work. Let's

say you're boring, I know you're not boring and your

colleagues are boring, but they hire a new person who's very

funny and hardworking and you you might say that that person

is a breath of fresh air. so a breath of fresh air is any

change like a new person starting somewhere or even

let's say you had a car that always broke whenever you drove

it it broke and then you bought a new one that would be like a

breath of fresh air for you. So we describe people or things as

a breath of fresh air when they are a positive. Change in your

life, so we have the wind we talked about the wind briefly

wind is simply air that is moving. Brett says I smell my

own bad breath behind my mask. Sometimes that is the annoying

thing about wearing a mask. isn't it. You kind of have all

of your your breath? Just get stuck right around your face.

It's kind of a weird feeling wind so wind is air that is

moving. you can't see the wind. but like I said earlier in the

lesson, you can see the effect that wind has on other things

you can see the grass moving in the wind. If you ever have

flown a kite, this person is flying a kite. The wind lifts

the kite up into the air if. You look at trees on a windy

day. you can see the trees swaying in the wind, so you

can't see wind, but you can see what it does to the things

around it. And then if the wind is not very strong, we call it

a breeze. so like right now when I look outside, I can see

the branches on the trees. They're just moving slightly.

So there's probably a light breeze outside this morning,

not a strong wind or anything like that. There are two things

that humans have built to capture the wind to use the

wind to run machinery or generate electricity. One is

something that's called a windmill, and the other is

something that's called a wind turbine. A windmill is

generally an older structure like this and windmills were

used to. I think they used it to process wheat to turn wheat

into flour. Some of them maybe now are used to make

electricity but a wind turbine. Is definitely something newer

and bigger that is used to generate electricity, so they

harness the power of the wind. When you harness something it

means you hook up to it. so they used to harness a horse to

a cart. But now we harness the power of the wind. so by the

way this is a windmill. This is a wind turbine, but people do

sometimes call these windmills technically not correct, but it

does still happen. Sometimes people will call this a

windmill, but I guess. Typically, or technically, it

is a wind turbine. You can see the effect the wind has on

things like sailboats. A sailboat is a boat that is

powered by the wind. so the wind blows and the sail is able

to capture or harness the power of the wind. As the wind moves

over the sail, the sail will will form into a curve and that

will allow the wind to help the boat move along. Hot air rises.

So one of the interesting things about our planet is that

air at. It gets warmer will actually rise so in our houses

in the winter when we heat our houses, the hot air eventually

moves towards the ceiling. so sometimes in rooms in our house

in the winter, my head will be warm, but my feet will be cold

because hot air as air gets hotter. I think it's less dense

and because the air is less dense, it will float above the

cooler air, but yes, hot air rises. and then this is also

what causes some kinds of weather okay because air rises

and then it cools it. Thermal flows I guess you would call

them. Remember this is not a science lesson. This is an

English lesson because hot air rises. We can have things like

hot air balloons. A hot air balloon has a large balloon

which is filled with warm or hot air, and because that air

is lighter. The balloon is able to float in the sky or fly

depending on how you want to describe it. I bet you

technically, it's floating in the sky, but we would say that

it's. Flying and if you wanted to go on a hot air balloon, we

call it a hot air balloon ride. Okay. I have never been on a

hot air balloon so. I see in the chat someone saying, would

you save this video? Please sir. This video actually comes

out in a couple days in a shorter version which you can

listen to or watch again. So maybe that's what you're

looking for that that'll be out in a few days 2 days. Actually,

we have a phrase in English, though to be full of hot air.

If someone is full of hot air, it means they they talk a lot,

but they don't actually have a lot of factual information. so

I've in the past have worked with people once in a while who

just. Talk all the time, but it's like they don't actually

know what they're talking about. so they're just full of

hot air. It's kind of a funny phrase. I don't think I've ever

been accused of being full of hot air air can be compressed

so you can have a certain amount of air and you can use

something to to compress that amount of air. The best example

I can give for air pressure is that in our tires we have a

certain amount of air that air has been put in and it gets

compressed a bit and usually. When you are driving a bike or

a car, you want all of the tires to have the same amount

of air pressure in them. I don't know the exact amount but

probably between thirty and sixty PSI, which is pounds per

square inch, and if you use the metric system, you probably use

something different and I can't remember what it is. but I do

know this. Sometimes you use a pressure gauge to measure the

amount of air pressure that you have in your tires and it's

important that it. Is the correct amount If you look at

the side of a tire, it will usually tell you how much air

pressure you should have. you probably are familiar with air

pressure when you go down a mountain or up a mountain

because your ears start to hurt and you need to make your ears

pop or you need to so this is what I do when I go to a town

close to me. I go down not a mountain, but I go down a

fairly large hill. We call it a mountain. But it's not a

mountain and then when I get to the bottom, my ears feel funny

and I end up. I go like this or I kind of like go like this

like you kind of try to make your ears pop because your

ears. there's air pressure inside or there is air pressure

outside and you need to equalize the air pressure. so

you need to make your ears pop. I think most of you have

probably experienced that at one time or another in. Order

to compress air you would use an air compressor, so this is a

machine that you use to take air from the atmosphere or to

just take air from outside and it goes through an air pump and

the pump will put air into the tank at a higher pressure than

the outside air. So I have an air compressor in my shed. I

use my air compressor to pump up my tires so if a tire on my

car or on a bike is low. Or close to being flat, I will use

my air compressor to pump up the tire. I will use my air

compressor to put compressed air into the tire. Sometimes

when you need to clean your computer, you might buy a can

of compressed air. So this is a small can filled with air that

you can use to blow dust out of your computer. When you drive a

car, you can't see it, but there is air resistance and

there is a lot of. Drag These are the same. These terms mean

the same thing they design cars to be as aerodynamic as

possible. When something is aerodynamic, It can move

through the air with a little bit more ease. Okay. It's a

little easier for an aerodynamic vehicle so a big

truck that is square. There is a lot of air resistance. There

is a lot of drag. The truck has to burn a lot of fuel to go

fast, but a new. Car is very aerodynamic. There is less air

resistance and less drag, and so it can drive a little easier

through the air. So we had the question about air conditioning

versus a fan. A fan is something that you can plug

into the wall that will blow air on you and help keep you

cool on Sunday nights. I do a live stream called Geer I play

a game called Geer and the sun is actually shining into the

room. I do it in. I get really hot so this week. I'm not.

Sure, I'm going to play this week by the way Geer but if I

do play on Sunday night, I'll need a fan. I think to stay

cool. We won't turn the air conditioning on yet. though a

couple weeks ago, we did a lesson on air travel air travel

is when you buy a ticket and go on a plane and you travel by

air. so someone might say. Oh, you're going to visit your

brother in Florida. Are you going to drive or are you going

to take a plane and you could respond and say, Oh, we're

going to go by air. so there's a couple. Ways to talk about

air travel but air travel is when you get in a plane and fly

somewhere. Kids sometimes make paper airplanes. I just added

this one for fun because while I was searching for pictures

for air travel, this came up a common fun thing to do for

children is to make paper airplanes. Although some adults

actually make paper airplanes as well and really enjoy

entering paper airplane competitions, I've I've been in

one or two. At school, sometimes for fun every few

years, we'll have a paper airplane competition. I've

never won, but I've I think I came in third one. It was a

really cool airplane in your car. You will most likely have

airbags an airbag is something that's inside the steering

wheel or on the far side. It's inside the dash of the car and

when the car is in getting when the car gets into an accident,

the airbag. Is deployed Okay, so the airbag fills with air so

that you hit your head against the airbag instead of the

steering wheel or the dash airbags were available in cars

in North America for a number of years. now a couple of

decades when I was a kid, our cars did not have airbags When

I was my first car did not have an airbag when I was seventeen

or eighteen. my second car had an airbag so they're relatively

recent in the world in the last few decades. Aids Sometimes

people play air guitar so when you're listening to a song, a

rock and roll song and when there is a part where you can

hear the guitar, people sometimes pretend they're

playing the guitar even though they don't have a guitar and we

call this air guitar. so sometimes people will be like.

Oh, I love this part and then they'll pretend to play guitar

and we say that they are then playing air guitar.

If someone this is not a word, you should use it is an insult.

but when someone isn't very smart, sometimes people will

call them an airhead, They'll say, Oh, he's such an airhead

or she's such an airhead. So again, this is an insult.

Please do not use this word to refer to anyone, but you might

see this in an English story or you might hear this on an

English television show. they might call someone an airhead.

so an airhead is someone who just isn't very. Smart So

again, it's an insult you can call yourself an airhead like

sometimes I'm an airhead. This is here's a good one. I lost my

keys about a couple months ago. I couldn't find my keys and

then they were just laying by my computer. So I said to

myself, Oh, I'm such an airhead. they're right here so

you can call yourself an airhead. That's for sure. Let's

see here. Es I didn't know there was a word describing

that I thought it was just people getting carried away

with music and start jamming and dancing. Now they're

definitely playing air guitar. in fact they they even

sometimes have competitions which are called air band

competitions where everyone pretends. they're playing an

instrument. It's kind of funny and we're funny more funny than

we're we talked about this earlier. there's a phrase up in

the air when something is up in the air. It is undecided. Okay.

So here's a good example on Sunday nights. I have been

playing Geer in a live stream on my other YouTube channel on

Bob's short English lessons, but I'm not sure I'm going to

do it this week. It's kind of up in the air. Sunday is

mother's Day here in Canada, so I think it might be better just

to hang out with Jen on Sunday and the kids and do something

fun. Maybe we'll have a little campfire outside, but if it's

raining and we're all just stuck in the house, I might do

it so it's up in the air. so when something's up in the air,

it is not decided okay, so it could be one way or the other.

So by the way it is up in the air. I might have a live stream

Sunday I might not. Like Airflow sometimes you're

sitting in a room in your house or apartment, and it's getting

stuffy. I mentioned this earlier and you want some fresh

air. you want some airflow so you might open up the windows

when you open the windows, especially for me If I open two

windows. Sometimes I get some nice airflow in my house

airflow is simply when air moves through your house

through a window. It's time air is moving actually so airflow

sometimes it's nice. In the summer, I'd rather have the

Windows open and have some nice airflow instead of turning on

the air conditioning. Because sometimes the air is stale, you

have stale air if you are stuck in an apartment in the summer

and sometimes you go to a hotel and you can't open the windows

and sometimes the air is very stale. It smells kind of funny.

It's not fresh. It's the opposite of fresh air. We

talked about this earlier as well. when you go really high

up the air is thinner. so at the top of a mountain, you have

thin air so the low. You go on earth, the more dense the air

is and the higher you go. The less dense the air is when you

go to the top of the mountain. The air is very thin and if you

go really high, it can be hard to breathe. We have a term open

air. so I mentioned we might have a campfire on Sunday night

to celebrate Mother's Day and we will have an open air fire

so a fire in a fireplace or in a wood stove is not. An open

air fire, an open air fire is a fire that's outside like this

fire. The reason I mention this term is because where I live.

Sometimes it gets very dry and the fire department will say

there is a ban on open air fires right now. you can't have

an open air fire so an open air fire is any fire that you would

have outside

to air. We have a verb to air, which means to complain about.

All the things you want to complain about okay. so

sometimes when you go to a large meeting, there will be a

time at the end for questions and people will get up and air

their grievances. They'll air all of their complaints, so it

simply means to talk about the things that are bothering you

and it's usually in somewhat of a formal setting. I think we

talked about air conditioners, an air conditioner is something

that takes warm air. And makes the air colder. Sometimes you

have an air conditioner like this that goes in a window.

Sometimes you have an air conditioner that is just

outside your house somewhere and there's pipes that come in

your house that bring well. They don't bring the cold air,

but they bring the freon or other coolant to cool the air

down in your house. air conditioners actually do two

things. they cool the air down and they also remove moisture

from the air. so you don't just get cold air. Also get air that

has less moisture in it is less humid and sometimes people will

buy what's called an air purifier. An air purifier is an

appliance that takes things out of the air. Okay. When you run

an air purifier, it removes dust from the air. It might

remove. I was going to say Dander and I don't remember

what dander is let's look up what Dander is meaning of

dander. I heard it in a commercial. It removes dust and

dust and dander. Oh so dander. Like skin flakes from animals

or humans are small pieces of fur or hair, so yes, dust and

dander. so an air purifier will remove that from the air. it

does that because inside it will have an air filter. so in

a car will have one or two air filters. Sometimes a furnace,

which is something you use to heat your house will have air

filters in it. An air purifier will have air filters. They

look like this, They're usually made of some sort of fabric or

material my tractors. Have several air filters on them

because in order for the engines to run the air needs to

be clean, so it needs to go through an air filter first.

And I'm just wondering I'm just going to ask in the chat is it.

It's mother's day in many places this weekend correct. I

think it is we are planning. I think to visit my mom. I think

we're having a zoom meeting with my mom. I have to ask my

sisters, but yes, it's definitely mother's day this

weekend. so you probably won't see me Sunday. I'll probably be

offline. There is of course, a shoe called a Nike air. Most

people in the world are familiar with this shoe. The

Nike air has been around for many many years you could

maybe. Even remember when you had air Jordan's, maybe you had

a pair of air Jordans when you were younger, it is definitely

a popular shoe, The Nike air and many many people love to

have them. I had a pair of Nike airs once I think in my life,

but they were kind of expensive. so I don't really

buy them anymore. I buy the traditional cheap old man

shoes. There's a band called Air supply. If you are not

familiar with this band you I highly recommend you listen to

one or two songs to help you learn some English. They are

usually songs about love. It's an older band from the 80s late

70s early 80s. Maybe I have to check but air supply has a

number of songs you should check them out.

It's not my favorite band, but when air supply when an air

supply song comes on, sometimes I do sing along because I do

know them. They're very popular band. If you listen to classic

rock on the radio or even easy listening when there is no air,

you have a vacuum. so if you go into space once you go high

enough in the atmosphere, eventually, the air gets

thinner and thinner and you get to the point where there is no

air and that is what we would call a vacuum. so a vacuum

cleaner is something you use. To clean your rugs in your

house to to suck up everything off the floor, but a vacuum is

something that exists in space or time you remove all of the

air from something okay. You will then have a vacuum and

then just for fun. Here's another word air, which sounds

a lot like air, but isn't so when you are an heir, it means

you are the descendant who will. Yeah, I I'm trying to

think of how to explain this like Prince William is an heir

to the throne. Okay, so heirs are your descendants so usually

not your own children though, but you can use it that way. If

I was to use the word heir, I would say, maybe I'll leave

some money someday to my heirs Okay, but it's usually used for

formal descriptions of people who are in a royal family like

the one in Britain. So definitely Prince Charles is

heir to the throne and I think Prince will. Is second in line

to the throne, so they are both heirs to the throne. So I

thought I would throw that one in there because he is

pronounced the same way as he.