NOUNS - Basic English Grammar - What is a NOUN? - Types of Nouns - Examples of Nouns - Common/Proper

1,606,169 views ・ 2016-09-20

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:02
Hi there and welcome back to our series of lessons on the parts of speech
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. ν’ˆμ‚¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μ—… μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆμ— λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:07
My name is Ganesh and this lesson is all about nouns. In this lesson we will
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제 이름은 Ganesh이고 이 μˆ˜μ—…μ€ λͺ¨λ‘ λͺ…사에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 λ‹¨μ›μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ— μžˆλŠ”
00:13
learn about the different kinds of nouns there are in English and we will also
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 배우고 이λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν• 
00:18
look at some rules to keep in mind when using them. We will first talk about
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λ•Œ 염두에 두어야 ν•  λͺ‡ 가지 κ·œμΉ™λ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ¨Όμ €
00:23
concrete and abstract nouns, then we'll look at common and proper nouns
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ꡬ체적 λͺ…사와 좔상 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•œ λ‹€μŒ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ˜μ—­μΈ 일반 λͺ…사와 고유 λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:29
which are a very important area. Then we'll discuss the very interesting
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. 그런 λ‹€μŒ 맀우 ν₯미둜운
00:33
collective nouns and finally we'll turn to the most important topic relating to
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집합 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³  λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λͺ…사와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 주제인
00:39
nouns, and that is countable and uncountable nouns. Before we start just
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μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전에
00:44
remember - for any questions let me know in the comments section below and I'll
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κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”. κΆκΈˆν•œ 점이 있으면 μ•„λž˜ λŒ“κΈ€ μ„Ήμ…˜μ— μ•Œλ €μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
00:49
talk to you there.
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κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
OK so first of all what is a noun? I'm sure you know the answer to this -
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, μš°μ„  λͺ…사가 λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”? λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 이것에 λŒ€ν•œ 닡을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
A noun is just the name of a person, place, animal, thing, feeling or idea. For
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λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 단지 μ‚¬λžŒ, μž₯μ†Œ, 동물, 사물, 감정 λ˜λŠ” μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μ˜ μ΄λ¦„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
example in this sentence "Graham likes to go to the zoo and see the animals." Here
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ "Graham은 동물원에 κ°€μ„œ 동물을 λ³΄λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." 여기에
01:09
there are three nouns - can you identify all of them? The nouns are Graham - a
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μ„Έ 개의 λͺ…사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘ 식별할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ? λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” Graham -
01:16
person, zoo - a place and animals. Nouns can also be things like watch, T-shirt etc.
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μ‚¬λžŒ, 동물원 - μž₯μ†Œ 및 λ™λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μ‹œκ³„, ν‹°μ…”μΈ  λ“±κ³Ό 같은 것일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
And all of these - people, places, animals and things are physical - that means we
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μ‚¬λžŒ, μž₯μ†Œ, 동물, 사물 λ“± 이 λͺ¨λ“  것듀은 λ¬Όλ¦¬μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉, μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
01:35
can see them and we can touch them. So they are called concrete nouns - that
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그것듀을 λ³Ό 수 있고 만질 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 ꡬ체적 λͺ…사라고 λΆˆλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉,
01:41
means they have a real physical existence. So what are abstract nouns?
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μ‹€μ œ 물리적 μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ μžˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 좔상λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
01:48
Abstract nouns are nouns that don't have physical existence. That means we
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좔상 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 물리적 μ‘΄μž¬κ°€ μ—†λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€
01:55
cannot touch them or see them, and these are ideas and feelings. Now in this
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그것듀을 λ§Œμ§€κ±°λ‚˜ λ³Ό 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°, 이것듀은 생각과 κ°μ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ
02:00
sentence
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02:01
"Honesty is the best policy." It's a very popular proverb in English
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"정직이 μ΅œμ„ μ˜ μ •μ±…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μ•„μ£Ό 유λͺ…ν•œ μ†λ‹΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
Have you heard of that? In that sentence
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λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? κ·Έ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ
02:10
honesty and policy are both nouns but they are abstract nouns. And this next
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정직과 정책은 λ‘˜ λ‹€ λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄μ§€λ§Œ 좔상 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λ‹€μŒ
02:18
example
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μ˜ˆλŠ”
02:19
"Love is a powerful emotion." Love is the name of a feeling like anger, happiness
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"μ‚¬λž‘μ€ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ κ°μ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ‚¬λž‘μ€ λΆ„λ…Έ, 행볡 λ˜λŠ” μŠ¬ν””κ³Ό 같은 κ°μ •μ˜ μ΄λ¦„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:25
or sorrow. And love is a noun. Emotion is also a noun.
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. 그리고 μ‚¬λž‘μ€ λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 감정 도 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
OK let's now talk about common and proper nouns.
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이제 일반 λͺ…사와 고유 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:37
Do you know what common and proper nouns are? A common noun is a general noun and a
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일반 λͺ…사와 고유 λͺ…사가 무엇인지 μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ ? 보톡λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 일반λͺ…사이고
02:44
proper noun is the name given to a specific individual. For example in this
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고유λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ κ°œμΈμ—κ²Œ 뢙여진 이름이닀 . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 이
02:50
chart all the nouns on the left are common nouns and all the nouns on the
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μ°¨νŠΈμ—μ„œ μ™Όμͺ½μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 보톡 λͺ…사이고 였λ₯Έμͺ½μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ”
02:55
right are proper nouns. For example man is a common noun because it can mean any man
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고유 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ man은 λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 일반 λͺ…사
03:03
but Ganesh is the name of one man - one individual, which in this case is me of
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ GaneshλŠ” ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ΄λ¦„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘  μ €μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:10
course.
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.
03:11
So Ganesh is a proper noun. Woman, in the same way, is a common noun - it could be any
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ GaneshλŠ” 고유 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 여성은 일반 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€ 여성이든 될 수
03:17
woman but Allison is the name of an individual, so a proper noun. In the next
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ Allison은 개인의 μ΄λ¦„μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 고유λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ
03:23
two, city and country are common nouns but Hamburg and China are the names of one
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두 κ°œμ—μ„œ λ„μ‹œμ™€ κ΅­κ°€λŠ” 보톡λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄μ§€λ§Œ 함뢀λ₯΄ν¬μ™€ 쀑ꡭ은 ν•œ
03:30
city and one country, so proper nouns.
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λ„μ‹œμ™€ ν•œ κ΅­κ°€μ˜ μ΄λ¦„μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 고유λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
OK now let me ask you a question at this point - do you notice something about the
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이제 이 μ‹œμ μ—μ„œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 고유 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ­”κ°€ μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
03:40
proper nouns? You should be noticing that they're all written with a capital first
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? λͺ¨λ‘ 첫 κΈ€μžκ°€ λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ μ“°μ—¬ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦¬μ…”μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:47
letter. And that is actually a rule in English - proper nouns are always written
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. 그리고 그것은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ˜μ–΄μ˜ κ·œμΉ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 고유 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 항상
03:53
with a capital first letter. With university, for example, when we talk
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첫 κΈ€μžλ₯Ό λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λŒ€ν•™μ˜ 경우
03:59
about universities in general we use it as a common noun so the whole word is
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일반적으둜 λŒ€ν•™μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ 일반 λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ 전체 단어가
04:05
written in lower case - that means in small letters. But when we're talking
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μ†Œλ¬Έμžλ‘œ μž‘μ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉, μ†Œλ¬Έμžλ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹œμΉ΄κ³  λŒ€ν•™κ³Ό
04:10
about a specific university like the University of Chicago, notice that both
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같은 νŠΉμ • λŒ€ν•™μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•ŒλŠ”
04:14
the 'U' in University and the 'C' in Chicago are capitals.
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λŒ€ν•™μ˜ 'U'와 μ‹œμΉ΄κ³ μ˜ 'C'κ°€ λͺ¨λ‘ λŒ€λ¬ΈμžλΌλŠ” 점에 μœ μ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. νŠΉμ • λŒ€ν•™μ„
04:19
That's because it's
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04:20
a proper noun that refers to one specific university. OK there are more
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κ°€λ¦¬ν‚€λŠ” 고유λͺ…사이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€ . 화면에 더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
04:26
examples on the screen but I want you to focus on the last two - day and month. With
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μ§€λ‚œ 2일과 월에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
the days of the week - Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
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μš”μΌ - μΌμš”μΌ, μ›”μš”μΌ, ν™”μš”μΌ, μˆ˜μš”μΌ, λͺ©μš”일, κΈˆμš”μΌ,
04:38
Saturday, we always write them with the first letter capitalized because they
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ν† μš”μΌμ€ 고유 λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄λ―€λ‘œ 항상 첫 κΈ€μžλ₯Ό λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:45
are proper nouns. And it's the same thing for months as well. From January to
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. 그리고 그것은 λͺ‡ 달 λ™μ•ˆλ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 1μ›”λΆ€ν„°
04:50
December all months are written with a capital first letter, so please don't
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12μ›”κΉŒμ§€ λͺ¨λ“  달은 첫 κΈ€μžλ₯Ό λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ ν‘œκΈ°ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
04:56
forget this rule - proper nouns are always capitalized or always written with the
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이 κ·œμΉ™μ„ μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. 고유 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 항상 λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ ν‘œκΈ°ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 항상
05:02
first letter capitalized.
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첫 κΈ€μžλ₯Ό λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ ν‘œκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
OK let's now turn to the really interesting collective nouns. Collective
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이제 정말 ν₯미둜운 집단 λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. 집단은
05:11
means something like collection and a collective noun is the name given to a
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μˆ˜μ§‘κ³Ό 같은 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©° 집단 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ”
05:17
group of people - animals, places or things. I say that these are interesting because
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동물, μž₯μ†Œ λ˜λŠ” 사물과 같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 그룹에 μ§€μ •λœ μ΄λ¦„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜μ–΄
05:24
there are a lot of collective nouns in English and they can be very interesting
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μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 집합 λͺ…사가 있고 λ°°μš°κΈ°μ— 맀우 ν₯미둜울 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 이것듀이 ν₯λ―Έλ‘­λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:28
to learn.
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.
05:29
Let's look at some common examples - a group of players is called a team. Team
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λͺ‡ 가지 일반적인 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν”Œλ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 그룹을 νŒ€μ΄λΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. νŒ€(Team)은
05:37
is a collective noun and it means a group of players, or it could even mean a group of
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집합λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ ν”Œλ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 그룹을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ 근둜자 그룹을 μ˜λ―Έν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:43
workers in a company. Actually there's another word for a group of workers or
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. μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 근둜자 λ˜λŠ” 직원 그룹에 λŒ€ν•œ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:51
employees - can you guess that word? That word is staff. In the same way on the
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. κ·Έ 단어λ₯Ό μΆ”μΈ‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κ·Έ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” μ§μ›μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
05:58
screen I have some more examples but I want you to guess the collective nouns
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화면에 λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆκ°€ 더 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ 집합 λͺ…사λ₯Ό 보여주기 전에 집합 λͺ…사λ₯Ό μΆ”μΈ‘ν•΄ λ³΄μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€
06:03
before I show them to you.
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.
06:05
What do we call a group of students? A group of students is a class.
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학생 그룹을 무엇이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 학생 그룹은 μˆ˜μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
What about
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06:14
a group of criminals? A gang A group of soldiers is an army.
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λ²”μ£„μž 집단은 μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 갱단 ꡰ인의 그룹은 κ΅°λŒ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:21
What about a group of onlookers? Onlookers means - let's say there has been
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ꡬ경꾼 그룹은 μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? ꡬ경꾼은 -
06:26
an accident on the road - like there's been a car crash. Onlookers are the
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λ„λ‘œμ—μ„œ 사고가 λ°œμƒν–ˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€ - μžλ™μ°¨ 사고가 λ°œμƒν•œ 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ꡬ경꾼은
06:32
people that stand around the scene and they want to see what's happening.
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ν˜„μž₯ 주변에 μ„œμ„œ 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ 보고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
So what do you you call a group of onlookers? We call them a crowd.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 ꡬ경꾼 그룹을 무엇이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀을 ꡰ쀑이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:44
Did you get that one? There are also collective nouns for animals. For example
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당신은 그것을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 동물을 κ°€λ¦¬ν‚€λŠ” 집합λͺ…사도 μžˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
06:50
a group of wolves is called a pack. And wolves are very dangerous when they're
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λŠ‘λŒ€ 무리λ₯Ό 무리라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 λŠ‘λŒ€λŠ” 무리에 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 맀우 μœ„ν—˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:56
in a pack. A group of bees is called a swarm. If you ever see a swarm of bees
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. 벌 λ–Όλ₯Ό 떼라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κΏ€λ²Œ λ–Όκ°€
07:06
coming towards you please run because they can sting really hard and it hurts
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당신을 ν–₯ν•΄ μ˜€λŠ” 것을 λ³Έλ‹€λ©΄ 정말 μ„Έκ²Œ 쏠 수 있고
07:12
very, very bad.
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맀우 맀우 μ•„ν”„κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹¬λ €κ°€μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
07:13
Alright there are also collective nouns for things - like if I have five or
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사물에 λŒ€ν•œ 집합 λͺ…사도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 손에 5개 λ˜λŠ”
07:20
six keys in my hand
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6개의 μ—΄μ‡ κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 경우λ₯Ό 뭐라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ”지
07:22
do you know what we call that? We call it a bunch of keys.
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μ•„μ„Έμš”? μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 μ—΄μ‡  묢음이라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:26
What about two shoes? A pair. And when there are stairs that you have to take
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μ‹ λ°œ 2개 μ–΄λ•Œ? ν•œ 쌍. 그리고
07:34
from one floor of a building to the next floor
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건물의 ν•œ μΈ΅μ—μ„œ λ‹€μŒ 측으둜 μ˜¬λΌκ°€μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 계단이 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
07:37
do you know what we call that? It's called a flight of stairs. OK so like I
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 그것을 무엇이라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ”지 μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κ³„λ‹¨μ˜ λΉ„ν–‰μ΄λΌκ³ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„, λ‚΄κ°€
07:43
said these can be really interesting but there's one problem - collective nouns can
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λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄ 이것듀은 정말 μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ„ 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ ν•œ 가지 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 집합 λͺ…사가
07:49
be difficult because there are so many of them. So what can you do?
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ„œ μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 무엇을 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? ν• 
07:55
Well there are two things that you can do - first
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수 μžˆλŠ” 일이 두 가지 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ¨Όμ €
07:59
you can learn the most common collective nouns. The examples that I just showed
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κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 집단 λͺ…사λ₯Ό 배울 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 방금 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦° μ˜ˆλŠ”
08:04
you are some very common collective nouns.
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맀우 일반적인 집합 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:08
So if you learn the most common ones then you can use them fluently in
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 것을 배우면 λŒ€ν™” μ—μ„œ μœ μ°½ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수
08:14
conversation but sometimes you might be in a situation where you want to use a
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λ•Œλ‘œλŠ”
08:21
collective noun but you don't know it or you cannot remember it.
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집합 λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ±°λ‚˜ κΈ°μ–΅ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 상황에 μ²˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:24
Like, let's say you want to say a gang of criminals but you cannot remember that
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, λ²”μ£„μž 집단을 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ§€λ§Œ
08:30
word - gang.
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κ°±μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어가 κΈ°μ–΅λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
08:31
So what can you do? You can just use a word like group - a group of criminals - and
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 무엇을 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? κ·Έλ£Ή(λ²”μ£„μž κ·Έλ£Ή)κ³Ό 같은 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄
08:38
your meaning will be clear. Or you can say a bunch of things - the word bunch is
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μ˜λ―Έκ°€ λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지λ₯Ό 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 단어 bunchλŠ”
08:43
a common collective noun - like a bunch of bananas, for example. So these kinds of
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일반적인 집합 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ a bunch of bananas와 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜
08:51
expressions - common collective nouns and even quantity expressions like a lot of,
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ν‘œν˜„λ“€ - 일반 집합 λͺ…사 및 심지어 많음, 일뢀 λ“±κ³Ό 같은 μˆ˜λŸ‰ ν‘œν˜„λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ν‘œν˜„μ„
08:55
some etc. If you use them your meaning will be clear. But one reason to learn
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 집합λͺ…사λ₯Ό λ°°μ›Œμ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 이유 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
09:03
collective nouns is that if you use the correct collective noun in a situation
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상황에 λ§žλŠ” 집합λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄
09:07
it will make your speech sound stylish, so try to learn as many as you can.
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λ§νˆ¬κ°€ μ„Έλ ¨λ˜κ²Œ 듀리기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ 많이 λ°°μ›Œλ³΄λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
09:13
Alright let's now move on and talk about the most important area relating to
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이제 λͺ…사와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ˜μ—­μΈ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사
09:20
nouns and that is countable and uncountable nouns. That's why I've underlined them
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와 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ
09:24
in red because they're so important.
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맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λΉ¨κ°„μƒ‰μœΌλ‘œ 밑쀄을 κ·Έμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:27
Do you know the meaning of countable nouns? A countable noun is a noun that can be
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μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ 의미λ₯Ό μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사
09:33
counted and an uncountable noun cannot be counted. Some common countable nouns are are
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이고 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일반적인 μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œλŠ”
09:40
book, pen, man, spoon, building, elephant etc. With all of these we can use numbers
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μ±…, 펜, μ‚¬λžŒ, μˆŸκ°€λ½, 건물, 코끼리 등이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이듀 λͺ¨λ‘μ—
09:50
or plurals to talk about them. We can say two books, five pens, three buildings
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λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μˆ«μžλ‚˜ 볡수λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 두 ꢌ의 μ±…, λ‹€μ„― 개의 펜, μ„Έ 개의 건물
09:56
etc. If there's only one, we can use a or an - I have a book, there's an elephant
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등을 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ μžˆλŠ” 경우 a λ˜λŠ” an을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ - I have a book, there's a elephant
10:03
standing over there etc. But uncountable nouns are nouns like water, coffee, air,
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standing over there λ“±. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆˆκ°€μ‚° λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” λ¬Ό, 컀피, 곡기,
10:11
salt, sugar, love, advice and so on.
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μ†ŒκΈˆ, 섀탕, μ‚¬λž‘, μ‘°μ–Έ λ“±λ“±.
10:15
And just by seeing them you should be able to say there's no way to count them
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그리고 보기만 해도
10:21
because water and coffee are liquids. Air is a gas. Salt and sugar are so small
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λ¬Όκ³Ό μ»€ν”ΌλŠ” 앑체이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ„ΈλŠ” 방법이 μ—†λ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³΅κΈ°λŠ” κΈ°μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ†ŒκΈˆκ³Ό 섀탕은 λ„ˆλ¬΄ μž‘μ•„μ„œ
10:29
that if you try to count the individual particles that would be an extremely
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κ°œλ³„ μž…μžλ₯Ό μ„Έλ €κ³  ν•˜λ©΄ 맀우
10:34
difficult task. And love and advice are abstract nouns because they're feelings
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μ–΄λ €μš΄ μž‘μ—…μ΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό μΆ©κ³ λŠ” 감정과 생각이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 좔상적 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:41
and ideas. Most abstract nouns are uncountable. So with uncountable nouns we
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. λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 좔상 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μ…€ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μ—λŠ”
10:50
cannot use plurals and we cannot use a and an - that is very important. But we
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λ³΅μˆ˜ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†κ³  a와 an을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것이 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
10:57
can use units to talk about quantity. For example we can say a glass of water or
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μˆ˜λŸ‰μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹¨μœ„λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Ό ν•œ μž” λ˜λŠ”
11:05
two glasses of water, six tablespoons of sugar or a cup of coffee,
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λ¬Ό 두 μž”, 섀탕 6ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μŠ€ν‘Ό λ˜λŠ” 컀피 ν•œ μž”,
11:11
5 cups of coffee and so on. Or we can use units of volume or weight like pounds,
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컀피 5μž” 등을 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” νŒŒμš΄λ“œ,
11:19
kilograms, ounces and liters. This is how we talk about the quantity of
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ν‚¬λ‘œκ·Έλž¨, 온슀 및 리터와 같은 λΆ€ν”Ό λ˜λŠ” 무게 λ‹¨μœ„λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것이 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사 의 양에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:24
uncountable nouns. To ask questions we use the expression "How many...?" with
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. μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•  λ•Œ "How many...?"λΌλŠ” ν‘œν˜„μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:31
countable nouns like "How many computers do you have in your office?" And with
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"사무싀에 λͺ‡ λŒ€μ˜ 컴퓨터가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"와 같은 μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜
11:36
uncountable nouns we use "How much...?" "How much water is there in the bottle?" or "How
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μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ "μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜...?"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. " 병에 물이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?" λ˜λŠ” "
11:43
much sugar is there in the jar?" Now with any of these questions if you know the
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병에 섀탕이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?" 이제 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄
11:48
exact answer you can give it - you can say "There are 20 computers in my office."
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μ •ν™•ν•œ 닡을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ "λ‚΄ 사무싀에 컴퓨터가 20λŒ€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
"There's half a liter of water." "There's four pounds of sugar in the jar." But what
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"물이 반 리터 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." " 항아리에 4νŒŒμš΄λ“œμ˜ 섀탕이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
11:59
about if you don't know the exact number or quantity? In that case you can use
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μ •ν™•ν•œ 숫자 λ‚˜ μˆ˜λŸ‰μ„ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”? 이 경우
12:06
quantity expressions with countable nouns - we use a 'few' to mean a small
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μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μˆ˜λŸ‰ ν‘œν˜„μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μž‘μ€ 수λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 'few'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:12
number. I can say "Oh there are only a few computers in my office."
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. "μ•„, 제 μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€μ—λŠ” 컴퓨터가 λͺ‡ λŒ€λ°–μ— μ—†μ–΄μš”."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:18
I don't know the exact number but it's a small number. Or I can say "There's only a
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μ •ν™•ν•œ μˆ«μžλŠ” λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ 적은 μˆ«μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” "
12:25
little water in the jar." So with uncountable
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항아리에 물이 μ‘°κΈˆλ°–μ— μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ”
12:28
nouns we use 'a little' - this is very important. And what about to talk
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λͺ…μ‚¬μ—λŠ” 'a little'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고
12:35
about a big number or a big quantity? Can you tell me what we use with countable
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큰 숫자 λ˜λŠ” 큰 양에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ 무엇을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ 말씀해 μ£Όμ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
12:41
nouns? We use 'many' or 'a lot of'. "There are many computers in my office." Or "There are
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? μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'λ§Žμ€' λ˜λŠ” 'λ§Žμ€'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. " 사무싀에 컴퓨터가 λ§Žμ•„μš”." λ˜λŠ” "
12:48
a lot of computers in my office." With uncountable nouns we can use 'much' but
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λ‚΄ μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€μ—λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 컴퓨터가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ 'much'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
12:54
that's less common.
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덜 μΌλ°˜μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:56
It's more common once again to use 'a lot of' like "There is a lot of coffee in the
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"There is a lot of coffee in the cup"κ³Ό 같이 'a lot of'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 더 μΌλ°˜μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:03
cup." So notice that 'a lot' can be used both with countable and uncountable
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. λ”°λΌμ„œ 'a lot'은 μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사 및 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ”
13:09
nouns. In the same way the word 'some' can also be used with both types. For example
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λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ '일뢀'λΌλŠ” 단어도 두 μœ ν˜• λͺ¨λ‘μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예:
13:16
"Some computers in my office
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"λ‚΄ μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€μ˜ 일뢀 컴퓨터가
13:19
don't work." That's some number but I don't want to say the number or I don't know
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μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 그것은 μ–΄λ–€ μˆ«μžμ΄μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 숫자λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜κ³  싢지 μ•Šκ±°λ‚˜
13:24
the number. In the same way we can say "There's some tea left in the glass" - some
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κ·Έ 숫자λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "μœ λ¦¬μž”μ— μ°¨κ°€ 쑰금 남아 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λ–€
13:32
tea is some quantity but I don't know the quantity. So with both countable and
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μ°¨λŠ” μ•½κ°„μ˜ μ–‘μ΄μ§€λ§Œ λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ 양을 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와
13:38
uncountable nouns we can use 'a lot of' and 'some.'
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μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사 λͺ¨λ‘ 'a lot of' 와 'some'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:41
OK now I want to tell you about an area where a lot of students make mistakes, so
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이제 λ§Žμ€ 학생듀이 μ‹€μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ˜μ—­μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ
13:49
pay close attention. And this is when we want to make comparisons. We're going to
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주의λ₯Ό κΈ°μšΈμ΄μ„Έμš”. 그리고 이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λΉ„κ΅ν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:55
take a couple of examples - let's say that in my neighborhood, that is in the place
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λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:03
where I live, there are five buildings. In your neighborhood
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μ œκ°€ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” 동넀에 5개의 건물이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄μ›ƒμ—λŠ”
14:09
there are 10 buildings. So we can say that there are more buildings in your
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10개의 건물이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 이웃에 더 λ§Žμ€ 건물이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:16
neighborhood.
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.
14:17
OK just keep that in mind. And let's take another example - this time
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μ•Œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ…μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ”
14:23
uncountable nouns. I drink two cups of coffee a day but you drink four cups of
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μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” ν•˜λ£¨μ— 두 μž”μ˜ 컀피λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œλŠ”λ° 당신은 ν•˜λ£¨μ— λ„€ μž”μ„ λ§ˆμ‹œλ‹ˆ
14:30
coffee a day, so you drink more coffee.
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컀피λ₯Ό 더 많이 λ§ˆμ‹ λ‹€.
14:35
OK so far so good. But what about the opposite? We
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μ’‹μ•„ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ μ’‹μ•„. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έ λ°˜λŒ€λŠ” μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ? μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
14:40
say that I drink less coffee. Alright back to our first example, we said there
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λ‚΄κ°€ 컀피λ₯Ό 덜 λ§ˆμ‹ λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, 첫 번째 예둜 λŒμ•„κ°€μ„œ
14:48
are more buildings your neighborhood. That means in my neighborhood there are
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이웃에 더 λ§Žμ€ 건물이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 우리 동넀에
14:54
fewer buildings.
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건물이 μ λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:57
This is where a lot of people go wrong - people say there are less buildings in
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이것은 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 잘λͺ» μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 우리 동넀에 건물이 적닀고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:02
my neighborhood. That is grammatically incorrect because with countable nouns
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. μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ”
15:07
you cannot use less, you have to use fewer to compare.
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lessλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ¬Έλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λ €λ©΄ lessλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:12
OK so remember these rules and remember not to make the common mistakes that we
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μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ„ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³  μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ λ…Όμ˜ν•œ 일반적인 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ € 지λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šλ„λ‘ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
15:17
discussed here.
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.
15:19
Alright let's do a quick recap of what we've learned today. We started with
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자, 였늘 배운 λ‚΄μš©μ„ κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ μš”μ•½ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
15:23
concrete and abstract nouns. Remember that concrete nouns have a physical
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ꡬ체적이고 좔상적인 λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ꡬ체적 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 물리적
15:28
existence and abstract nouns are ideas and feelings which we cannot touch or
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쑴재λ₯Ό 가지고 있고 좔상 λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§Œμ§€κ±°λ‚˜ λ³Ό 수 μ—†λŠ” 생각과 κ°μ •μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
15:34
see. Then we spoke about common and proper nouns - what is the important rule
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. 그런 λ‹€μŒ 일반 λͺ…사와 고유 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 고유 λͺ…사와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ·œμΉ™μ€ λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ
15:39
with proper nouns? You always capitalize the first letter. Then we turned to
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? 항상 첫 κΈ€μžλ₯Ό λŒ€λ¬Έμžλ‘œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그런 λ‹€μŒ 집합 λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ μ „ν™˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:45
collective nouns. Remember to learn as many collective nouns as you can because
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. 더 λ§Žμ€ μŠ€νƒ€μΌλ‘œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 될 것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 집단 λͺ…사λ₯Ό λ°°μš°λŠ” 것을 μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€
15:50
that will help you to speak with more style. And finally we looked at countable
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. 그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사
15:55
and uncountable nouns - we discussed a number of rules. Remember the most common
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와 μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ…Όμ˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ
16:00
mistake is using 'less' with countable nouns - it's wrong.
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μ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ 'less'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 잘λͺ»λœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:05
'Less' is used with uncountable nouns. 'Fewer' is used with countable nouns.
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'Less'λŠ” μ…€ 수 μ—†λŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'Fewer'λŠ” μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:11
Alright so that brings us to the end of this lesson. I hope you enjoyed it.
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자, μ΄κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 이 κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό λ§ˆμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신이 그것을 즐겼기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:15
Remember to subscribe to this channel and I will see you in the next lesson.
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이 채널을 κ΅¬λ…ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”. λ‹€μŒ κ°•μ˜μ—μ„œ λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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