Suffixes -AL, -IVE, -IC πŸ‘©β€πŸŽ“ Learn Word Parts in English πŸ‘¨β€πŸŽ“ Build Vocabulary Skills

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2018-05-04 ・ English with Jennifer


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Suffixes -AL, -IVE, -IC πŸ‘©β€πŸŽ“ Learn Word Parts in English πŸ‘¨β€πŸŽ“ Build Vocabulary Skills

50,622 views ・ 2018-05-04

English with Jennifer


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:05
Hi everyone! It's Jennifer. I was wondering if everyone likes getting a compliment. Do you?
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How do you usually respond to a compliment?
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Personally, I think it depends on what someone is complimenting me on and whether I believe it to be true.
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For example. if someone said, "Jennifer you look great. You look like you still could be a university student."
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I'd laugh and say, "No, I look old enough to be the mother of a university student."
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But if someone said, "Jennifer, your videos are very informative,"
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then I'd be pleased.
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I'd say thank you and accept the compliment.
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That's because it's truly my goal to create videos that are helpful for language learners.
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You likely know the words "informative" and "helpful."
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What parts of these words help us identify them as adjectives?
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Even without seeing them or hearing them in a sentence.
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Their endings or what we call suffixes, right?
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The suffix -IVE and the suffix -FUL
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are common endings and adjectives.
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In this lesson, I'd like to study a few different suffixes that help us form adjectives. By knowing these word parts and
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understanding their meanings, you'll have an easier time dealing with new vocabulary and making accurate word choices.
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Does that sound like a lesson worth learning? I hope so. Let's begin.
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So based on what I said earlier.
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Can you tell which statement is just a comment with no opinion and which statement sounds more like praise?
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Take a look.
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Both sentences sound fine to me, but I'll smile even bigger if you use "informative."
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That's because informative videos are videos that give useful information.
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You'll be saying that my videos successfully informed people.
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Here's how I understand the difference. "Informational" describes the type or the nature of videos.
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There are videos that entertain and there videos that inform. I make informational videos.
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I call each video a lesson and they're designed to teach.
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For that reason, we can also call them instructional videos.
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All my digital materials have instructional purposes.
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The suffix -al helps us characterize someone or something.
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What's their nature?
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So the suffix -al helps us describe the nature of someone or something.
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Help me form a couple of these adjectives.
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I go to conventions to develop in my profession, so what kind of development do I receive?
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Professional development.
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When I teach lessons about greetings,
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weddings, games, I'm teaching more than language, right? I'm also teaching culture.
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So my lessons can have what kind of aspect?
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A cultural aspect.
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Can you quickly form other adjectives with the suffix -al?
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Something that wasn't done on purpose, but was an accident can be described as
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accidental.
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Things that relate to the world or the globe are
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global.
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Anything related to one's nation is
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national.
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If something isn't about theory but more about practice, what kind of nature does it have?
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It's practical in nature.
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Issues related to race are
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racial.
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Activities that are purely for recreation are
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recreational.
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Things that you can rent are described as
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rental as in a rental car, a rental unit.
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Please remember that there are nouns that end in -al, like a TV commercial or someone's refusal.
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But in general, many adjectives end in -al and they characterize the nature of someone or something.
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So what about informative?
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The suffix -ive is usually less about nature and more about what someone or something is capable of doing.
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Not every informational video is informative,
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right?
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So informational videos simply have information.
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Informative videos are able to inform and educate. They have the tendency to be useful.
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The suffix -ive can have these variations:
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-tive, -ative, -itive.
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Helped me form a couple of adjectives with the -ive ending.
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Do you like to shop for a good price?
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I like to shop online and read reviews. I like when sellers compete for my money.
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What kinds of prices do they offer?
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Competitive prices.
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Those prices compete with others.
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Companies, businesses, they're always looking for a competitive edge, right?
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Something that will help them be better able to compete with others.
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You may know that I took taekwondo lessons for a while, so I learned how to attack and I learned how to defend.
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A position that's used for defense can be described as what kind of position?
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Defensive position.
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A defensive position, a defensive block, a defensive stance... these are also used in sports.
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Can you quickly form other adjectives with the suffix -ive?
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Words that abuse are
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abusive.
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Someone who is able to confidently make their voice heard they know how to assert themselves they are
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assertive, which is positive.
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Certain behavior or an event can cause a disruption. If it disrupts, it is
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disruptive, as an disruptive behavior.
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Childhood has a big influence on us. They say those years form our personality.
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Those years are
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formative.. formative years.
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If something has the tendency to impress, it is
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impressive, like impressive work, impressive skills.
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Things that are very big have a lot of mass. They are
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massive.
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People who want control may try to manipulate others they are
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manipulative. They're capable of manipulation.
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Note just as some nouns end in -al, there are nouns that end in -ive. "Adjective" is one example.
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Some words ending in -ive can be a noun or an adjective.
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For example, explosive,
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alternative,
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positive.
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negative
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This topic by the way was requested by at least two different viewers. One of them asked about the difference between
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educational and educative.
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We can compare these words to
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informational and informative.
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But here's an interesting difference: I believe that
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informational and informative are both fairly common words.
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I use informative more often, though. In the case of
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educational and educative, I definitely use
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educational much more often.
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Honestly, I cannot recall the last time I even used educative. That should tell you something about its frequency.
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For example, we can talk about an educational game or an educational app. But if I want to describe it as
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being good and it's able to educate, I still wouldn't use it "educative." I would simply say. "it's good."
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"It's useful." If I really wanted to use an adjective with the suffix -ive,
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I would choose "effective." It's an effective learning tool.
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Believe, it's only in more formal discussions that professional educators talk about educated practices
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Personally, I talk more about teaching practices.
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But the difference between educational and educated is basically the same as the difference between
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informational and informative.
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The -al adjectives describe the nature of something. The -ive
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adjectives describe an ability or tendency.
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So here's another challenge for us now that we understand the suffix -al.
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How can we understand the difference between
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adjectives like
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historical and historic,
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electrical and electric?
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This is tricky because both suffixes allow us to talk about the nature of something, what something relates to.
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But here's what I understand.
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"Historical" is rather abstract.
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Anything that relates to history is historical. If it's about history, it's historical.
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For example, historical fiction these are made up stories about history or based on history.
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They're stories that are set in the past.
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Here's another example.
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When I travel, I often buy souvenirs, and I like to buy souvenirs with cultural or historical importance.
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Do you like to buy historical souvenirs?
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"Historic" can have more specific meanings.
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First, it can mean very old, as in historic homes.
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Homes that have stood around for a long time, many decades, or a few centuries.
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Maybe some of you live in historic homes.
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Second, "historic" can refer to events of significance, so it means very important.
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So if something was or is important to history its historic.
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Here's an example.
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There was a historic meeting of women in Seneca Falls,
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New York in the 1800s. They began to organize a woman's rights movement in the U.S.
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Because of that historic occasion,
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work began and eventually women won many rights, including the right to vote.
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So based on what we just talked about, can you guess which adjective completes each sentence - electric or electrical?
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Electrical with that suffix -al will probably be more abstract and will refer to things that generally have to do with electricity.
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Here are the answers do you notice a pattern?
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Electrical engineering and electrical storms are categories. They have to do with electricity .
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In contrast, electric blankets and electric coffee makers use electricity to do something.
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We use "electric" to talk about things that run on electricity. The meaning is very specific.
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Now let me throw this last challenge your way. Would you use electric or electronic in the following sentences?
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Here's what I'd say.
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Electric bill refers to the bill that you pay to run different devices in your home. These devices use electricity.
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An electronic reminder or an electronic device use electricity in a more complex way.
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Things done online are often electronic.
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What's an evite?
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An electronic invitation. It's an invitation sent electronically, a virtual invitation.
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Okay. Time to sum up. We have three common adjective endings -al, ive, and -ic.
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We can't assume that all words that end with these suffixes are adjectives. There are nouns that share these endings for example,
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refusal
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negative
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mechanic.
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Nevertheless, knowing these suffixes will help us identify a word as an adjective.
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Look for them before a noun or after a linking verb.
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-Al adjectives refer to the nature of something or someone.
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Educational videos, electrical engineering,
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historical romance.
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-al adjectives can be broad or abstract in their meaning.
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-ive adjectives often refer to capability or a tendency.
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Offensive remarks,
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effective methods, impressive work.
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-ic adjectives can help us explain what something relates to.
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Their use is a bit more specific in nature compared to -al adjectives.
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Electric cars, historic sites,
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organic foods.
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Please know there are other suffixes for adjectives worth learning. At the beginning of this lesson, I used the suffix
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-ful in useful and helpful...
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things that are full of use full of help.
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I chose to focus on the suffixes -al, -ive, and -ic because they can create confusion
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for native and non-native speakers.
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Thank you to the viewers who posted questions about these suffixes,.I hope all of you found this lesson to be very informative.
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If you'd like more of my educational videos, please subscribe and remember to like this video.
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As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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