Read An Article From The NEWS With Me! (Learn Advanced English Vocabulary And Grammar)

123,115 views

2022-12-24 ใƒป JForrest English


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Read An Article From The NEWS With Me! (Learn Advanced English Vocabulary And Grammar)

123,115 views ใƒป 2022-12-24

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome to this lesson to help you learn Englishย  with the news. We're going to read a news articleย ย 
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๋‰ด์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •
00:06
together and you're going to learn a lot ofย  advanced vocabulary, complex sentence structure,ย ย 
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์ด๋ฉฐ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ,
00:13
advanced grammar, and even correct pronunciationย  directly by reading this article with me. Welcomeย ย 
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
back to JForrestEnglish training of course I'mย  Jennifer and this is your place to become aย ย 
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JForrestEnglish ๊ต์œก์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
fluent and confident English speaker. Let's getย  started. Welcome to our article, let me read theย ย 
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž. ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
headline. Elon Musk says he will resign as Twitterย  CEO after securing successor now let me read theย ย 
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ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Elon Musk๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ›„์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ํ›„ Twitter CEO๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
00:45
sub headline so this is the main headline and thenย  we have a sub headline which is designed to giveย ย 
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๋ถ€์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด๊ณ 
00:52
you a little more information about the topic. Theย  billionaire posted a poll over the weekend askingย ย 
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์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ๋ถ€์ œ๋ชฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:00
Twitter users if he should step down. The majorityย  voted yes all right, going back to our headlineย ย 
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. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
01:09
resign. This is very important to the topicย  of the article. So to resign This is a verbย ย 
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์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ to resign This๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ
01:18
and this is a way of saying that you quitย  you voluntarily leave your position it'sย ย 
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์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
01:26
just a more formal way of saying that. Let meย  write this for you. So it is to voluntarilyย ย 
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
01:35
which means you chose to Nobody said you mustย  leave your job. That means you're fired. Whenย ย 
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
you say I don't want to work here anymore.ย  That means you quit or again more formallyย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ. ์ฆ‰, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ
01:51
resigned to volunteer to voluntarily leaveย  your employment your position so in this case,ย ย 
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์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:01
his position as CEO, which is of courseย  an acronym for Chief Executive Officer,ย ย 
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CEO๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง€์œ„๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  CEO์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ
02:09
which is the top ranking position in aย  company now notice here grammatically,ย ย 
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์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆœ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ
02:15
we have the word after which is a prepositionย  preposition. Now what do you notice right hereย ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:25
we have our gerund verb, secure to secure, that'sย  the base verb to secure and because to secure thisย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ secure to secure๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  to secure this๊ฐ€
02:37
is the base. Now because I have after which is aย  preposition, my verb that follows must be in theย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ which ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:44
gerund form, which is the ing form. To secure inย  this context is a more formal way of saying findย ย 
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ing ํ˜•์‹์ธ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•์‹์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ณด์•ˆ์€ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:53
to find a successor. Now, what is the successorย  already we reviewed a lot in this headline here,ย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
a successor hopefully you can understandย  based on context, which is why reviewingย ย 
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ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋Š” ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:08
articles is so helpful because based on theย  context, well the successor is the personย ย 
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๊ฐ€
03:14
who will replace Elon Musk as CEO. So it'sย  the person who comes after you as a leader.ย ย 
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Elon์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. CEO๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋จธ์Šคํฌ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋กœ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
So you have old leader, so leader in theย  sense of a employment within the company,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋Š”
03:38
it could be a boss, a manager, a supervisor, orย  it could be a politician or president or primeย ย 
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์ƒ์‚ฌ, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž, ๊ฐ๋…์ž์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฆฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:45
minister. So you have your old leader and theย  new leader, and the new leader is the successor,ย ย 
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. ์ด์ „ ๋ฆฌ๋”์™€ ์ƒˆ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋Š” ํ›„๊ณ„์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
the successor, right up here and the oldย  leader is the predecessor predecessor. Iย ย 
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๊ณ„์ž์ด๊ณ  ์ด์ „ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋Š” ์ „์ž„์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
04:05
don't think you need to worry about itย  too much, but successor is more common.ย ย 
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
All right. So that's the headline here. Soย  basically, Elon Musk is leaving his position. He'sย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ Elon Musk๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
04:18
resigning, but they need to find someone new theย  person who will act as CEO and thus the successor.ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ CEO ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„์ž„์ด ๋  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
The billionaire posted a poll over the weekendย  asking Twitter users if he should step down, theย ย 
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์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์— ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:33
majority voted yes. All right. Let's look at this.ย  This is a nice phrasal verb to step down. Nowย ย 
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๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์ž. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
04:41
again, based on the context, he's going to resign,ย  leave his position quit they all mean the sameย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:48
thing. So step down is the phrasal verb to meanย  resign from a position. So to voluntarily leaveย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ step down์€ ์ง์œ„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:58
a position now notice I included title title couldย  be for example, the coach of a sports team, or theย ย 
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์ง์ฑ…์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚จ ์งํ•จ ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ํŒ€์˜ ์ฝ”์น˜ ๋˜๋Š”
05:09
leader of a community organization. And maybe inย  that case, the leader of a community organization,ย ย 
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:17
maybe you're the leader of your church group,ย  or just a community group and you don't getย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ตํšŒ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:23
paid for that. It's just a volunteer position,ย  but you could still step down you could leave itย ย 
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ ์ง์ฑ…์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋– ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
so I want to show you the grammar hereย  because we will say Musk Elon Musk musk.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จธ์Šคํฌ ์—˜๋ก  ๋จธ์Šคํฌ ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Step down assuming it's complete past simple setย  down as CEO as CEO, so we use the preposition asย ย 
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CEO๋กœ CEO๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
and then we state the title as CEO as manager, asย  Captain captain of a sports team, for example, isย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ํŒ€์˜ Captain Captain์€
06:03
the leader so you can have the title there so inย  our case, it CEO stepped down. This is our ourย ย 
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๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ CEO๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์งํ•จ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” CEO๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
06:12
phrasal verb, verb conjugated plus our prepositionย  and then we have as job title. Let's continue on.ย ย 
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ, ํ™œ์šฉํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ง์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:23
Elon Musk on Tuesday claimed he will resign asย  CEO of Twitter once he has found a replacement.ย ย 
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ํ™”์š”์ผ Elon Musk๋Š” ํ›„์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ฉด Twitter์˜ CEO์ง์„ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Now what's the alternative word for replacement?ย  The one we learned it right here in the headline,ย ย 
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๋Œ€์ฒด ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
successor. So they're seeing the exactย  same thing as this headline. They'reย ย 
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ํ›„๊ณ„์ž. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:45
just choosing to use different vocabularyย  because we have resigned, well we use thatย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:51
before and now we have replacement insteadย  of successor. So you could say here successorย ย 
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์ด์ „์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ต์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:03
and remember once a successor has been appointed,ย  Elon Musk will be the predecessor, the person whoย ย 
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์žˆ๊ณ  ํ›„์ž„์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋ช…๋˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์—˜๋ก  ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ž„์ž, ์ฆ‰
07:12
previously had the position. So replacementย  can be successor. Okay, let's continue on.ย ย 
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์ด์ „์— ๊ทธ ์ง์ฑ…์„ ๋งก์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ต์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
07:27
I will so notice it's in a quote which meansย  these words are coming from Elon Musk's mouth.ย ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ Elon Musk์˜ ์ž…์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
He said these words, I will resign as CEO as soonย  as I find someone foolish enough to take the job.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” CEO ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ๋งŒํผ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ CEO์ง์„ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:46
After that, I will just run the software andย  servers teams the billionaire tweet it. Okay,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ—ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํŒ€์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
so he tweeted this but it's still coming fromย  him directly. In this case. It's coming fromย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ—์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
08:00
his fingers instead of his mouth but it's stillย  a quote because it's reporting what he said.ย ย 
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์ž…์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ธ์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
So resign as notice we're using theย  preposition as with the job title as well.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์งํ•จ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:14
Now take the job. This is the same as findingย  a replacement finding a successor. So again,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ผ์„ ๋งก์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ›„์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
08:22
it's just a different way to say the same thing.ย  Notice how he says foolish or not foolish.ย ย 
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:30
When we describe something as bullish, this is aย  negative adjective because foolish means unwise,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:39
stupid or not showing good judgment. Soย  this is a negative adjective. So Elonย ย 
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๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์€ ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ • ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Elon
08:48
Musk is seeing that it isn't a wise decisionย  to become my successor to take over as CEO.ย ย 
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Musk๋Š” ๋‚ด ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด CEO๋ฅผ ๋งก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฃผ์žฅ์ง์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚œ
09:03
You could say it was foolish ofย  me to step down as as captain.ย ย 
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๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:18
It was foolish on me it was unwise, stupid,ย  it didn't show good judgment. So I it's a wayย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์—ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
09:24
of saying I regret my decision. Nowย  a lot of students have this fear ofย ย 
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์ œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ›„ํšŒํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
09:32
speaking because they think that they'reย  going to sound foolish or look foolish.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
09:41
I'm afraid of looking foolish when I speak.ย  Which means you're afraid of looking stupidย ย 
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๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ๊นŒ๋ด ๋‘๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฉ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:53
to be honest, or people judging you negativelyย  because if you use the wrong vocabulary or yourย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:01
pronunciation isn't very good, then itย  could look negative right? Now this is aย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
10:07
fear that a lot of students have I'm afraid ofย  looking foolish when I speak. So a very commonย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ๊นŒ๋ด ๋‘๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ
10:13
adjective but remember it is very negative asย  well. All right, let's continue on. After that,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ๊ทธ ํ›„
10:19
I will just run the software andย  servers teams, the billionaire tweeted.ย ย 
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๋Š” ํŠธ์œ—ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
So the verb run in this context, and this isย  what's important about learning with the newsย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ run์€ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„
10:32
because you understand the context becauseย  if you just see the word run, will does itย ย 
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . run์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
10:37
mean to run? Or does it mean run the softwareย  team, which is another way of saying leadingย ย 
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์˜๋ฏธํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด๋Š” Lead๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
10:49
to just lead to match the verb tends to justย  lead, manage the software and servers teamsย ย 
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:00
so you could say, I ran the marketing team forย  five for five years. Now notice my verb is in theย ย 
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๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํŒ€์„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šด์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ๋‚ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ 
11:16
past simple right? Run, ran, run. If I say I'veย  run the marketing team for five years, what's theย ย 
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? ๋›ฐ๋‹ค ๋›ฐ์—ˆ๋‹ค ๋›ฐ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
11:27
difference between I ran the marketing team andย  I've run the marketing team. Well, of course it'sย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์Œ, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
11:35
our verb tense because this is the past simple,ย  which means it's a completed action. I no longerย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ด์ƒ
11:44
do this action. Let me make this a little bitย  smaller. I no longer do this. It's complete. It'sย ย 
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
in the past but if I say I run the marketing teamย  for five years, this is the present continuous,ย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…ํŒ€์„ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šด์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•,
12:02
sorry, the present perfect, present perfect.ย  And it means this is an action that startedย ย 
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ, ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
12:14
in the past, but continues until now. So today,ย  I run the marketing team. The action is stillย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ํ–‰๋™์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ž‘์€ ์•„์ง
12:25
in progress, but I use the present perfect simplyย  to show that it started in the past I see lots ofย ย 
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:33
mistakes with these two verb tenses, so payย  attention to this part of the lesson. Let'sย ย 
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. ์ด ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”.
12:38
continue on. On Sunday, Musk posted a hole onย  the social media platform, asking users if heย ย 
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์š”์ผ ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋Š” ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
12:46
should step down as its head and said he wouldย  abide by the results. So we already learned thisย ย 
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ํšŒ์žฅ์ง์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ธ€์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ
12:55
phrasal verb to step down to voluntarily leave theย  position again, this same as resign or quit resignย ย 
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์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‚ฌ์ž„ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด
13:03
is more formal. And as its head so head of meansย  the leader we use the the word head to mean theย ย 
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๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ—ค๋“œ์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
13:14
leader the boss, the CEO, the head is is Twitter.ย  It's they're talking about the company Twitter.ย ย 
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๋ฆฌ๋”, ๋ณด์Šค, CEO๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค๋“œ๋Š” ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ Twitter์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Okay, now a bye bye. This is a phrasal verbย  because we have the verb to abide and then we haveย ย 
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•  ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:33
the preposition by and this simply means to followย  the rules to follow the rules or regulations.ย ย 
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ by๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
When you travel and a foreignย  country you must abide byย ย 
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์™ธ๊ตญ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:54
its its rules, its rules. It being the countryย  you're traveling to so if you go to the USย ย 
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. ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
14:05
a you have to follow the traffic rulesย  and all the other rules and regulationsย ย 
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๊ตํ†ต ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ณผ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ๊ทœ์ •์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:12
you have to abide by. So to follow, abideย  by it's a more formal phrasal verb we tendย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋‹ค, ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
14:18
to use it with rules and regulations from theย  government or from a large company as a whole.ย ย 
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์ •๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—… ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ฐ ๊ทœ์ •๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
So basically, Musk said that he will follow theย  results of the poll. So if the majority say youย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ Musk๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
14:38
should leave and he will follow that abide byย  that and leave his position he will resign andย ย 
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๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง์œ„๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:46
find a successor replacement which will make Muskย  the predecessor the old leader of the position.ย ย 
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๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์ „์ž„์ž๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ํ›„์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:58
More than 17 point 5 million votes were cast.ย  Did you vote? I didn't vote because I didn'tย ย 
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1750๋งŒ ํ‘œ ์ด์ƒ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ? ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:05
know about this. I don't really use Twitter. Doย  you use Twitter? What do you think? Should Elonย ย 
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. ์ €๋Š” ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Twitter๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? Elon
15:10
Musk resign as CEO share your opinion? In theย  comments below? So you cast a vote. That's justย ย 
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Musk๊ฐ€ CEO๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•ด์•ผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
15:18
the verb we use to cast. This is pretty specificย  to voting. But if you want to talk about voting,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์บ์ŠคํŒ…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํˆฌํ‘œ์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:26
then you can use this to cast a vote. Majorityย  57.5 voted yes. So of course majority is justย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜ 57.5๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
15:36
plus 50%. Right? plus 50%. So 50.5% or more,ย  that's the majority if it's 5050. Well, thenย ย 
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50%๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค 50%. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 50.5% ์ด์ƒ, 5050์ด๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—
15:47
it's there. Isn't a majority it's even but theย  second it becomes 50.5 then that is a majority.ย ย 
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์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง์ˆ˜์ธ๋ฐ 50.5๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค.
15:58
I'm sure you know what a majority means butย  it is useful to have in your vocabulary. Letย ย 
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๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ดํœ˜์— ํฌํ•จํ•ด ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
me give you an example of how we commonly use it.ย  The majority of people voted yes. The majority ofย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋˜์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
16:16
employees want to work from home. So you canย  use the majority of and then you have your nowย ย 
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์ง์›์€ ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ of๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ
16:30
you have all plural noun people is plural personย  is one, one person, one person two. People,ย ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. people is plural person is one, one person, one person two์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
16:42
people is plural. Employees has an ass. Soย  it's plural, because if it's the majority,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์—‰๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
16:51
the noun has to be more than one. So that'sย  our sentence structure. Let me be more space,ย ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋‘๊ณ 
17:00
the majority off and then you need a plural noun.ย  And then after that you can have many differentย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ƒ๋žตํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
17:13
verb tenses depending on depending on the sentenceย  structure so that can be flexible, but you want aย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ ์—ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:23
plural noun with this. Okay, so that's a usefulย  sentence structure for you. Shortly after,ย ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„
17:31
what did we learn about after already? Whatย  is it a preposition so we need our verb andย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ๋‹ˆ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ing๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:39
ing. Shortly after posting the poll, Muscat saidย  he did not have anyone lined up to take over.ย ย 
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. ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•œ ์งํ›„ Muscat์€ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
All right. So lined up this is a way of sayingย  that someone is ready and available for theย ย 
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ค€๋น„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:02
position. Okay, it's a phrasal verb to line up.ย  Now. This is the difficult part I will say aboutย ย 
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. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค„์„ ์„œ๋‹ค ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€
18:12
vocabulary and especially phrasal verbs they haveย  more than one meaning depending on context. So toย ย 
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์–ดํœ˜, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ to
18:19
line up is when you get in a row of people to lineย  up the people lined up at the entrance but in thisย ย 
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line up์€ ์ž…๊ตฌ์— ์ค„์„ ์„  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ผ๋ ฌ๋กœ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
18:31
case, to line someone up means to have somebodyย  ready, able prepared available to do something.ย ย 
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ line up์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ค€๋น„, ์ค€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
Okay, so you might say we use this a lot in a workย  context. Do you have anyone lined up to present?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘์—… ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:53
So this is what they're going to do present.ย  So do you have any one? Ready, available toย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•  ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ค€๋น„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
19:02
present? That would be how I would translate it.ย  Do you have any one ready to present do you haveย ย 
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? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
19:07
any one available to present? You could alsoย  say we have a great presenter lined up. Okay.ย ย 
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๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ค€๋น„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
19:19
So we have a great presenter ready. We haveย  a great presenter available we have a greatย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ค€๋น„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ
19:25
presenter lined up Musk had said he does notย  he does not have anyone ready to become CEOย ย 
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๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ค„์„ ์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Musk๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด CEO๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
to take over is so Musk has the position now toย  take over is when someone else becomes the CEO,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Musk๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด CEO๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
so to take responsibility or something and in thisย  case, it's the position to take responsibility.ย ย 
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์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋‹ค, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋Š” ์ž…์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:58
We commonly use this in a employment situation,ย  but you could say can you take over this projectย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์šฉ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์ผ ๋•Œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:09
while I'm on vacation, which means can you takeย  responsibility while I'm on vacation? All right,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํœด๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์ผ ๋•Œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„,
20:21
let's continue on. Musk appointed himself. CEOย  less than two months ago, I didn't know that onlyย ย 
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๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ž„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. CEO ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ ์ „๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”
20:28
two months. He's been in the position shortlyย  after finalizing his 44 billion takeover ofย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Š” 10์›” ๋ง์— ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ 440์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์งํ›„ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:35
Twitter at the end of October. That's a lot ofย  zeros 44 million. He immediately dissolved theย ย 
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. 4,400๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ 0์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ
20:43
company's board of directors fired top executivesย  and laid off around half the company's workforce.ย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์„ ํ•ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์•ฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Elon Musk๊ฐ€ Twitter์˜ CEO๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด
20:51
I created a nother lesson specifically on Learnย  English with the news talking about Elon Muskย ย 
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
21:01
becoming CEO of Twitter and I reviewed some ofย  the vocabulary right here. So I'm going to leaveย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
21:09
a link to that lesson in the description. Andย  you can learn more of this vocabulary in thatย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์— ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐ•์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ณ„๋„ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด ์–ดํœ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:18
separate lesson. I don't want to explain it again.ย  Alright, let's continue on. Since then, the selfย ย 
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ
21:26
avowed free speech absolutist has made a long listย  of our Radek changes to the company's policies,ย ย 
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์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์–ธํ•œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š”
21:34
including those pertaining to content moderation,ย  suspended users and promotion of competitors. Letย ย 
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์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์กฐ์ •, ์ •์ง€๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—…์ฒด ํ™๋ณด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ Radek ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธด ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
me explain this adjective. I think it's quiteย  useful, erotic, we use it enough. Now this meansย ย 
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์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฝค ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์—๋กœํ‹ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
21:57
okay, erotica is an adjective adjective andย  is is moving or behaving in a way that isย ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ์—๋กœํ‹ฐ์นด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:05
not regular certain or expected.ย  So again, it's more of a negativeย ย 
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:12
adjective. We use it to describe one's behaviorย  or actions in a negative way. So you could sayย ย 
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. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
22:23
my boss is very erratic. Yesterday, he hiredย  a marketing firm, and today he fired them.ย ย 
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๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
So one day he wants them yeah, they're great.ย  Let's hire this marketing team. But then theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ํŒ€์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
22:45
next day after one day, he fired them. So yes,ย  no, yes. No. It's not the way you would expectย ย 
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ , ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์˜ˆ. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:53
him to behave. So his decision making can changeย  very frequently. You can describe that personย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:02
as erratic. We often use this in specifically forย  driving. My husband is an erratic driver. In thisย ย 
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. ์šด์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ์šด์ „์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด
23:19
case, it might mean you know, if you're driving onย  the highway, you expect the behavior to be certainย ย 
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ 
23:26
expected, you're going to go straight, right,ย  but erratic with the earth. You go this way andย ย 
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, ์ง์ง„, ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋ฉด๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
23:33
then you speed up and then you slow down and youย  change lanes, and then you change lanes. And thenย ย 
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์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ฐจ์„ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฐจ์„ ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
23:38
you drive slow, you drive fast. So it's constantlyย  changing is not what you would expect a driver toย ย 
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์šด์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:46
do. So we use that a lot with driving traffic.ย  The traffic was very erratic. It was very busy.ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šด์ „ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ”๋นด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
One second and then no traffic and then and thenย  traffic and then no traffic, so it kept changing.ย ย 
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1์ดˆ ํ›„ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ์—†์Œ, ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๋ฐ ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ์—†์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ„์† ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
So when something changes a lot, decision makingย  for behavior, we do it a lot with decision making.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •, ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:10
Then you can describe that person or that actionย  like driving as a Radek, which is the adjective.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์šด์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ Radek๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
Okay, let's continue on. He has repeatedly madeย  and then reversed decisions seemingly on personalย ย 
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€๋•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋’ค์ง‘๊ณ 
24:29
whims and enacted major changes on the platformย  based on yes or no Twitter polls. Like right now.ย ย 
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์˜ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค Twitter ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ œ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
24:38
He's basing his decision to stay as CEO orย  leave as CEO stepped down as CEO based onย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ CEO์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ CEO๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:46
this poll. Maybe you could say that's veryย  erratic. Only two months ago, he became theย ย 
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. ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๋‘ ๋‹ฌ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋Š”
24:52
CEO he paid $44 billion and now he's steppingย  down as CEO that could be described as erratic.ย ย 
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440์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•œ CEO๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” CEO์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๋ณ€๋•์—
25:03
I really like this a whim a whim onย  a personal whims. Let me explain whatย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€๋•์ด ์ •๋ง ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
25:10
this means. This is an idiom on a whim.ย  Now, this means so a whim This is a whimย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€๋•์— ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€๋•์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€๋•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:21
a sudden wish or idea especially oneย  that can not be reasonably explained.ย ย 
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๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์†Œ์›์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
And we often use this and well, let meย  give you an example sentence. I quit my jobย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๋•์— ๋ณ€๋•์— ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:41
on a whim on a whim. We don't commonly use itย  with personal I don't see this quite a lot becauseย ย 
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. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณ€๋•์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:52
whims are personal. So I don't think it addsย  anything to say personal because that's generallyย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
25:59
where they come from yourself. So I don'tย  think that word is needed. You can get ridย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹  ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ง์— ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:05
of it. And notice on all whim, now they haveย  on they don't use the article off. Do you knowย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:14
why? In this example, because WIMS is plural, soย  you don't use the article. If there's a plural,ย ย 
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” WIMS๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ
26:24
but it's more commonly used like this on aย  whim, so I recommend adding it like this.ย ย 
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:30
So we use it, you do an action, I quit myย  job. Now if you want to suggest that youย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
26:37
didn't think about it very much, and you can'tย  even really explain why you quit. It's like Iย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:44
just had this feeling I was out work. And Iย  just, I decided suddenly, I can't even tellย ย 
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
26:52
you why I don't have a good decision. I quit myย  job on a whim. Some might consider that a goodย ย 
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์™œ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:00
thing. Some might consider that a bad thing. Itย  just It depends on your preferences. I guess.ย ย 
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. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ.
27:06
For me, to be honest, I tend to travel on a whim.ย  So I can say I booked a trip to Germany on a whim.ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์†”์งํžˆ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ถฉ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ถฉ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…์ผ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:15
I don't generally think too much about the tripsย  I take. It's just one day I decide I want to goย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋…์ผ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •
27:22
to Germany and the next day I booked a ticket. Soย  I tend to do that on a whim. So what about you doย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ํ‹ฐ์ผ“์„ ์˜ˆ๋งคํ•œ ๋‚ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
27:30
you do things on a whim more impulsively? Or areย  you the type of person that really thinks thingsย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋” ์ถฉ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฟฐ๋šซ์–ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”
27:38
through? I'm sure it depends. It depends on theย  situation, right? Maybe there are some things youย ย 
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? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:43
would do on a whim. For example, let's say cake,ย  so I have long hair. Let's say one day I wakeย ย 
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์š”. ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์ž๊ณ 
27:49
up and I say I want to cut my hair to here and Iย  get my hair cut. And then someone could say wow,ย ย 
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊นŽ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์™€์šฐ,
27:56
oh my gosh, you cut your hair, and I can see ya.ย  I did it on a whim so I didn't think about it tooย ย 
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์˜ค ๋งˆ์ด ๊ฐ“, ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”
28:04
much. I just I had the idea. I want to cut myย  hair and I did it on a whim. So I think it'sย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ์ถฉ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
28:11
a really great expression. So remember, you doย  an action, and then you can add on a whim. Tryย ย 
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
28:19
one in the comment section. Try an example. Okay,ย  finally, last week he attracted enormous backlashย ย 
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๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ๊ทธ๋Š”
28:27
after Twitter suddenly and without explanationย  suspended several prominent tech journalistsย ย 
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ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์„ค๋ช… ์—†์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ช…์˜ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ •์ง€์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:34
who have reported on him he leader accusedย  them of effectively sharing his assassinationย ย 
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28:40
coordinates by reporting on a Twitter accountย  that tracked his private planes flights.
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.
28:48
All right, this an assassination is whenย  someone murders someone and it was planned.ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์•”์‚ด์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
Like President JFK was assassinated. Heย  was murdered and somebody planned that. Soย ย 
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JFK ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์•”์‚ด๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ดํ•ด๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
29:06
Elon Musk is seeing that this journalistย  gave his his flight plan. So basically,ย ย 
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์—˜๋ก  ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
29:18
they posted Elon Musk is going to be inย  Germany on this date at this time. So ifย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ Elon Musk๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‚ ์งœ์— ๋…์ผ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
29:29
somebody wanted to attack Elon Musk andย  kill him, well, now they know where he'sย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ Elon Musk๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์Œ, ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
29:35
going to be when he's going to be there. Soย  it would be easy to plan that. So that's whatย ย 
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์–ธ์ œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
29:42
it means by assassination coordinates. I'm justย  explaining that because you're probably curious.
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์•”์‚ด ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:49
All right, so that is our article youย  learned a lot from this article. Nowย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
29:54
what I'm going to do is I'm going toย  read the article from start to finishย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด์„œ
29:58
so you can focus on my pronunciationย  and you can imitate my pronunciation.
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์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:05
Elon Musk says he will resign as Twitter CEO afterย  securing successor. The billionaire posted a pollย ย 
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Elon Musk๋Š” ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ํ›„ Twitter CEO์ง์„ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๋Š”
30:14
over the weekend asking Twitter users if heย  should step down. The majority voted yes.ย ย 
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์ฃผ๋ง์— ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:21
Elon Musk on Tuesday claimed he will resign asย  CEO of Twitter once he has found a replacement.ย ย 
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ํ™”์š”์ผ Elon Musk๋Š” ํ›„์ž„์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ฉด Twitter์˜ CEO์ง์„ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:28
I will resign as CEO as soon as I find someoneย  foolish enough to take the job. after that. Iย ย 
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CEO์ง์„ ๋งก์„ ๋งŒํผ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ CEO์ง์„ ์‚ฌ์ž„ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ดํ›„. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ต๋งŒ์žฅ์ž๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ—ํ•œ
30:36
will just run the software and servers teams theย  billionaire tweeted. On Sunday, Musk posted aย ย 
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์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํŒ€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ผ์š”์ผ ๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋Š”
30:44
poll on the social media platform, asking usersย  if he should step down as a tenant and said heย ย 
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์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ž„์ฐจ์ธ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ 
30:51
would abide by the results. More than 17 point 5ย  million votes were cast. A majority 57.5% votedย ย 
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1750๋งŒ ํ‘œ ์ด์ƒ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ 57.5%๊ฐ€ ์ฐฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:02
yes. Shortly after posting the poll must haveย  said he did not have anyone lined up to takeย ย 
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. ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•œ ์งํ›„์— ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณ„ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:09
over. No one wants the job. Who can actually keepย  Twitter alive. There is no successor he tweeted.ย ย 
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. ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ง์—…์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ์œ—ํ•œ ํ›„๊ณ„์ž๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:17
Musk appointed himself CEO less than two monthsย  ago, shortly after finalizing his $44 billionย ย 
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๋จธ์Šคํฌ๋Š” 10์›” ๋ง์— 440์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์งํ›„์ธ 2๋‹ฌ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋˜์–ด CEO๋กœ ์ž„๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:25
takeover of Twitter at the end of October. Heย  immediately dissolved the company's board ofย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
31:32
directors fired top executives and laid off aroundย  half the company's workforce. Since then, theย ย 
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์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ง์›์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
31:39
self avowed free speech absolutist has made a longย  list of erratic changes to the company's policies,ย ย 
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์ž์นญ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์ž์œ  ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š”
31:47
including those pertaining to content, moderation,ย  suspended users, and promotion of competitors.ย ย 
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์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ , ์กฐ์ •, ์ •์ง€๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—…์ฒด ํ™๋ณด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธด ๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:55
He has recently made and then reverse decisionsย  seemingly on personal whims, and enacted majorย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€๋•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ๋ณตํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
32:02
changes on the platform based on yes or no Twitterย  polls. Last week, he attracted enormous backlashย ย 
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ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ œ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํ›„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๊ณ 
32:11
after Twitter suddenly and without explanationย  suspended several prominent tech journalistsย ย 
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์„ค๋ช… ์—†์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ •์ง€์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:17
who had reported on him he later accused them ofย  effectively sharing his assassination coordinatesย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋น„ํ–‰์„
32:25
by reporting on a Twitter account that trackedย  his private planes flights. Amazing job withย ย 
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์ถ”์ ํ•œ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„์ •์— ๋ณด๋„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•”์‚ด ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„๋‚œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
32:32
this lesson. Now you can look in the descriptionย  or look in the comment section below to find theย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•œ
32:38
link where you can download the free lessonย  PDF that summarizes everything we learnedย ย 
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
32:44
in this lesson. And if you found this helpful,ย  please hit the like button, share it with yourย ย 
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. ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ 
32:49
friends and of course subscribe. And before youย  vote, make sure you head on over to my website,ย ย 
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์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์ธ
32:53
JForrestEnglish.com and download your freeย  speaking Guide. In this guide I share sixย ย 
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JForrestEnglish.com์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š”
32:59
tips on how to help you speak English fluently andย  confidently. And until next time, Happy Studying.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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