English Reading Lesson (Advanced English Vocabulary & Grammar) - Learn English with the NEWS

Welcome to this lesson to help you learn  English with the news. We're going to read  

a news article together and you're going to  learn a lot of grammar, natural vocabulary,  

correct sentence structure, and even  the correct pronunciation directly for  

reading this article with me. Of course, I'm  Jennifer from JForrest English.com. And this  

is your place to become fluent confident  English speaker. Let's get started.  

Welcome to our article, can you guess  where this is? Which country this might be?  

Well, this is India and it looks pretty crowded,  doesn't it? And that's what we're talking about  

in this article, because China is now the most  populous country in the world. And we know that  

because of our headline. Let me read the headline.  India overtakes China as most populous country  

first let's talk about our verb here overtake  let me share the definition. This verb simply  

means to go past something past in the sense of  exceed, and you do that by being a greater amount,  

so quantity, or degree. We use this a lot with  statistics or reporting on numbers, facts,  

figures. You'll hear this a lot about sales. For  example, US sales have overtaken European sales,  

so sales in the US compared to sales in Europe.  Now, I could also use our sentence structure here  

notice the preposition as I could say, the US  has overtaken euro as the leader in sales. So  

this is the title that has been achieved the  leader in sales and the title goes to the US.  

And it also suggests that previously Europe was  the leader. But now if you're imagining they're  

in a competition or a race, Europe was ahead,  but now the US has overtaken Europe. So it  

does suggest that element of competition between  the two as well because previously before this,  

China was the most populous and India was a  close second, but now India has overtaken so  

that's the go past part, which is an important  part of this definition. So I'll just underline  

that. Let's continue on. India has overtaken  China as the world's most populous nation,  

according to Bloomberg referring  to the world population review.  

Alright, so we've already discussed overtaken  and I did use this same verb tense have overtaken  

because it was plural they have notice now it's  has because it's India, which is conjugated as  

it singular it has. And the reason why this is in  the present perfect is because it's a past action.  

So the action is complete is a completed past  action, but there is a result in the present pass  

action with a result in the present. What's  the result in the present? Now China is the  

second most populous country and India is the most  populous country. That's the result in the present  

and that's why the verb tense is in the present.  Perfect. Let's continue on. By the end of 2022,  

India's population was 1.417 billion people. So  if you have numbers after the decimal point you  

can simply see them as the individual numbers  1.417 You don't have to say 1.417 That doesn't  

sound right. So see the numbers as individual  numbers. I'll just write this out for you.  

Save the numbers as individual numbers after  the decimal point. And the decimal point is  

this is the same thing as a period but when  we're referring to numbers specifically,  

we don't call it a period. We call it a decimal  point. And that's why when I say it out loud,  

I don't say one period or one seven, you  don't say that. You say 1.417. So let me  

just write that. So you understand you say  1.417 That is how you verbalize this number.  

5 million more than China so we could also  say using our overtake India has overtaken  

China by 5 million people. The people is optional.  

Because in this context, we know we're talking  about population. So you don't have to say  

people if it's obvious, but if you if you're  ever not sure just add in the reference point.  

India has overtaken China by 5 million  people. So remember, it's India has gone  

past or exceeded China. And then you can have  by if you're talking about a specific number,  

you could also do a percentage. I don't know  what the percentage is. So I'll just say 0.7%.  

You could also have by and then a percent  zero point remember that point 7% percent.  

Let's continue on. On January 17, I want you to  notice my pronunciation because even though it  

isn't written as the little T H You know when  you see the date and it gives you the little t  

h seven teeth. Notice what my mouth is doing my  tongue comes between my teeth, and I push out  

17 Seven teeth. That's the pronunciation practice  that I know it's a difficult sound for a lot of  

students. But that is how we say the dates  out loud. On January 17. Chinese authorities  

announced that for the first time since the 1960s  the country's population will decrease by 850,000.  

So let's just talk about this number here  we're going to see some big numbers in the  

billions. Now when you have three zeros  it's 1003 zeros, that represents 1850.  

A lot of native speakers will say 850 You do not  need to say and sometimes I say it as well but  

it is not necessary. If 850,000 and notice it's  not 850,000 plural, no 850,000 Okay, singular  

in 2022 Compared to the previous year, according  to the State Statistics Department of China.  

1.14 1 billion people live in the country.  Now remember, I said that number is singular,  

right? The number is singular, by but  whatever that number represents is plural.  

Now people does not have an S because  people is the plural form of person.  

Is an E regular plural plural form. So we have one  person, two people, so people is the plural. Now.  

If it were something like dollars, you need  to add the ass on dollars. 1.14 1 billion is  

singular. And then the whatever the number  represents, in this case, money dollars,  

that's where you add the ads, but it could be for  example, 1.4 1 billion T shirts. Why not t shirts,  

so you put the s on T shirts, or it could be 1.14  1 billion cats and then you put the ass on cats.  

So that's my billion is singular, but  then whatever it represents is plural.  

Let's continue on. According to World Population  review, as of January 8 teeth, eight teeth so  

even though in the spelling it is not there, I'm  going to pronounce that T H as of January 8 teeth,  

India's population reached 1.4 to 3  billion. Another research organization  

macro trends claims that India is  home to 1.4 to 8 billion people.  

So there is a slight difference in number between  these two research organizations but it's such  

a small difference. I'm surprised they even  mentioned it's basically the same number right.  

Let's continue on. China and India are the only  two countries with populations over 1 billion  

1 billion singular again if you wanted to. You  could add people which is plural 1 billion people  

over another word could be with populations more  than more than or exceeding would be another word,  

but we can't use our overtake because remember  overtake is only used when we're talking about  

competition between two or more and then one goes  past one exceeds. So I'm specifying this because I  

did say exceed here but overtake is specifically  if there's some sort of competition. And in this  

case, there is no competition. They're  just stating a fact of the population of  

specific countries. The US Census Bureau's world  population clock lists another 12 countries with  

populations exceeding So notice here they use  exceeding rather than with populations over or  

populations more than their synonyms. You can  choose whichever you'd like. Exceed probably  

sounds the most formal, I would say exceeding 100  million. So let's see is your country on the list?  

The US Indonesia, Pakistan, Nigeria, Brazil,  Bangladesh, Russia, Mexico, Japan, Ethiopia  

the Philippines and Egypt. My Country Canada is  not on the list. We have a very small population.  

I actually don't know what the population is.  So I'm going to google it right now. So I just  

Googled it. Any guesses on the population  of Canada? Canada is popular population,  

Canada's population is 38.2 5 million very small  right considering it's a huge country, but very  

small population. So what's the population of your  country? Feel free to share in the comments below.  

Let's continue on. Okay, here's where we're  getting to some really big numbers. If this  

intimidates you, don't worry because it  intimidates native speakers I'm sure if  

you saw a big number in your country  probably stop for a second too. So I  

will explain how to know what this number is.  The projected world's population on January 1,  

okay, here we have a difference because  with one, you need S T first for Ste.  

The difference between the other one is  my tongue is not going between my teeth  

notice first Ste first January 1, January  1 January 5, January 5, that's with 5/5.  

Let me write that January 5, and then we have  

January 2 You just add a sound. Second,  and then we have one final choice, which is  

there are the these are pretty easy  because you just basically add a D  

sound on the end. This one you need that.  And then this one you need Ste Ste Ste  

so practice those I will say them one more  time for you January 1, January 2 January 3,  

January 5. So you can practice that the  projected when something is projected,  

it means you're guessing or you're estimating what  the number will be based on data or information  

so you don't know 100% That this is what the  number will be is the projected number. So the  

definition projected this is an estimate and the  estimate is calculated based on known information.  

And notice how specific they are with the  projected number that's pretty specific. So  

we'll see if that's correct. We actually know  what the world population is at the time this  

video was recorded so you can go see if this was  true or not. Okay, so now I'll read this number.  

So first of all, what is this? Well, I will I  know by how many groups of three there are okay.  

So, if there are 123 groups of three then  I know this is billion and then this is  

million, okay. billion, million.  And then this is 1000 1000.  

And I'm just going to focus on one group.  That's how you make this long number very  

easy to read or understand. You just look at  the individual groupings, so 7,942,645,086  

And the final group, you don't say anything after  it, it's just 86. Remember, I said we don't need  

to say and so I don't say 942 million is just  942,645,086. So you can practice. Write out  

some rounds along numbers and practice reading  them out loud, that will be helpful. Now let's  

take a look at our next big number. So I can tell  I have three groups. So I know I have a million  

and then 1000 And then remember, the final one  is nothing 73,772,634 So that's the amount of the  

increase and remember that's the world population,  but this is just projected, which it means it's  

an estimate and as a percentage, that's 0.94%  and this is calculated from New Year's Day 2022  

during January 2023 4.3 bursts and 2.0  deaths are expected worldwide every second.  

So here's another example where the whatever  you're calculating is plural. So we have  

bursts. That's why it has an S because there's  more than one right and deaths. If it was just  

one we wouldn't have a plural. And you would  say one death. One death. There was one death  

this month. For example. There were two deaths  that us this month. So practice the numbers and  

the plurals I hear lots of mistakes from students  with both of those and they're expected. You could  

also use projected because it's just an estimate  based on known information. So you could say that  

as well, worldwide every second, every second.  So that was our article, you learned a lot of  

big numbers, a lot of data and statistics. I  hope you found it interesting. Now what I'll  

do is I'll read the article from start to finish  and you can follow along with my pronunciation.  

India overtakes China as most populous country,  India has overtaken China as the world's most  

populous nation, according to Bloomberg  referring to the world population review.  

By the end of 2022. India's population was 1.41  7 billion people. 5 million more than China  

on January 17, Chinese authorities announced  that for the first time since the 1960s,  

the country's population will decrease by 850,000  in 2020 to compare to the previous year, according  

to the State Statistics Department of China, 1.14  1 billion people live in the country. According  

to World Population review, as of January 18,  India's population reached 1.4 to 3 billion  

another research organization macro trends claims  that India is home to 1.4 to 8 billion people.  

China and India are the only two countries with  populations over 1 billion. The US Census Bureau's  

world population clock lists another 12 countries  with populations exceeding 100 million. The US  

Indonesia, Pakistan, Nigeria, Brazil, Bangladesh,  Russia, Mexico, Japan, Ethiopia, the Philippines  

and Egypt. The projected world population on  January 1 2023 Is 7,942,647,086 an increase  

of 73,772,634 or 0.94% from New Year's Day 2022.  During January 2023 4.3 births and 2.0 deaths are  

expected worldwide every second amazing job with  this lesson. Now you can look in the description  

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