ALL Grammar for ADVANCED (C1 Level) English in 12 minutes in 2025

12,152 views ใƒป 2025-01-10

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello, lovely students, andย  welcome back to English with Lucy.
0
80
3640
์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•™์ƒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๋ฃจ์‹œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
What is the ultimate goal in English?ย  For most is thisโ€”the C1 level!
1
3720
7240
์˜์–ด์˜ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
00:10
Why? Well, it's the advanced level of English, butย  C1 means having the freedom to express yourself.
2
10960
7200
์™œ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์˜์–ด์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ง€๋งŒ C1์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
00:18
It's the level where you can smoothly transitionย ย 
3
18160
3640
00:21
from giving an important presentationย  to cracking jokes with your friends.
4
21800
4640
์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
We hear so much about C1 English. But what does C1ย ย 
5
26440
3520
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” C1 ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ C1์€
00:30
actually mean? And what grammar do you needย  to know to reach an advanced level in English?
6
30840
7680
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:38
In this video, I am going to teach you aboutย  all the grammar you need for C1-level English.
7
38520
7760
์ด ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ์˜์–ด์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
I've also created a free PDF guide.
8
46280
3520
๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
It's got everything we cover in thisย  lesson, and it's your own guide toย ย 
9
49800
4440
์ด ์ฑ…์—๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ,
00:54
all of the grammar that you need toย  know to pass the C1-level of English.
10
54240
4600
์˜์–ด C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
I've also created a set of exercisesย  to help you practice and test yourself.
11
58840
5400
๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:04
If you'd like to download that, just click on theย ย 
12
64240
2240
๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
01:06
link in the description boxย  or scan that QR code there.
13
66480
3600
์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋‹น QR ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ”ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:10
Enter your name and your email address,
14
70080
2440
๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ 
01:12
join my mailing list, and the PDF guideย  will arrive directly in your inbox.
15
72520
5120
๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด PDF ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ ์ง์ ‘ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
After that, you've joined my PDF club. Youย  will automatically receive my free weeklyย ย 
16
77640
5120
๊ทธ ํ›„๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด PDF ํด๋Ÿฝ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
01:22
PDFs alongside my news, updates and offers. It's aย  free service and you can unsubscribe at any time.
17
82760
7160
๋‚ด ๋‰ด์Šค, ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ, ํŠน๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งค์ฃผ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF๋ฅผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋…์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
Okay, before we get into the grammar,ย  we need to talk about what C1 means,ย ย 
18
90440
4080
์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋จผ์ € C1์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
because a lot of people aren't sure. So,ย  C1 is one of the 6 CEFR levelsโ€”that's theย ย 
19
94520
7040
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ C1์€ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ CEFR ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
01:41
Common European Framework of Referenceโ€”theyย  go from A1 to C2, with C2 being the highest.
20
101560
7760
์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ์ค€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ(CEFR)์ด๋ฉฐ A1๋ถ€ํ„ฐ C2๊นŒ์ง€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ C2๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
At C1, you have an advanced levelย  of English. You're comfortable inย ย 
21
109320
4960
C1์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
01:54
a variety of social and professional situations,
22
114280
3720
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ์ง์—…์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์—
01:58
and lots of people who reachย  the C1 level use English at work
23
118000
4480
๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:02
or plan to in the future.
24
122480
2040
๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง๋ฌด ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ
02:04
You can work in English at any level, depending onย  the job requirements, but you can pretty much takeย ย 
25
124520
6400
์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์ด๋“  ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:10
on any job you're qualified for at C1 withoutย  having to worry about your English skills.
26
130920
6000
C1์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ • ์—†์ด ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ
02:16
If you're specifically aiming to thrive inย  a professional settingโ€”leading meetings,ย ย 
27
136920
5680
์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ์ฆ‰ ํšŒ์˜ ์ฃผ๋„,
02:22
negotiating deals or giving polishedย  presentationsโ€”my brand-new C1-levelย ย 
28
142600
6960
๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ
02:29
Business English course is just about toย  launch, and it will be just what you need.
29
149560
6200
๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
It's called the Professionalย  English Programme (Level 3).
30
155760
4520
์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 3)์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
It's opening soon! You can join the wait listย  by clicking on the link in the description orย ย 
31
160280
6240
๊ณง ์˜คํ”ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:46
scanning the QR code here. If you join theย  wait list, you'll be the first to know.
32
166520
5040
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ QR ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Now, at C1, you can speak spontaneously,ย ย 
33
171560
4080
์ด์ œ C1์—์„œ๋Š”
02:55
even though you might stillย  search for expressions sometimes.
34
175640
4200
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
You can understand nuance and implicitย  meaning, so you can make and understand jokes.
35
179840
6960
๋‰˜์•™์Šค์™€ ์•”์‹œ๋œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
The first time I told a joke in Spanish and peopleย  actually laughed was one of my proudest moments.
36
186800
5760
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง ์›ƒ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
And you also have a wide rangeย  of structures at your fingertips!
37
192560
4080
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์†๋์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:16
What structures, I hear you ask? Well,ย  at C1, you need to use all of the grammarย ย 
38
196640
6560
์–ด๋–ค ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, C1์—์„œ๋Š”
03:23
you've covered from A1 to B2โ€”which is aย  lotโ€”but I have some great news: at C1,ย ย 
39
203200
7640
A1์—์„œ B2๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์ด์ฃ  . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. C1์—์„œ๋Š”
03:30
there aren't actually that many entirelyย  new grammatical structures to learn.
40
210840
4920
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
03:35
There are a few, and they're my favouriteย  to teach, but more on that later.
41
215760
3520
๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
At C1, you mostly need to addย  to the grammar you already know
42
219280
4280
C1์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
03:43
and you need to employ structuresย  flexibly in a variety of contexts,ย ย 
43
223560
5600
03:49
from chatting with your friends to leadingย  a meeting at work or writing a report.
44
229160
4920
์นœ๊ตฌ์™€์˜ ์ฑ„ํŒ…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง์žฅ ํšŒ์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰, ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
So, here is all the grammar you need for C1.
45
234080
3480
์ด์ œ C1์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ โ€‹โ€‹๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
We'll start with something that'sย  usually new for C1 students:ย ย 
46
237560
4160
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต C1 ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:01
Participle Clauses. We use participleย  clauses to make sentences more concise.
47
241720
5880
. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
They are also a great way to addย  some variation and complexity toย ย 
48
247600
3960
๋˜ํ•œ,
04:11
your sentence structure, which is important at C1.
49
251560
3680
C1์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Here are a few examples: 'Frustrated by the lackย  of progress, the CEO called an emergency meeting.'
50
255240
6720
๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์ง„์ „์ด ์—†์–ด ์ขŒ์ ˆํ•œ CEO๋Š” ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
04:21
A longer version could be: 'Because he wasย  feeling frustrated by the lack of progressโ€ฆ'
51
261960
5880
์ข€ ๋” ๊ธด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ' ์ง„์ „์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—โ€ฆ'
04:27
Or: 'Having signed the contract,ย  we went out to celebrate.'
52
267840
4120
๋˜๋Š” '๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.'๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
A slightly longer version here couldย  be: 'After we had signed the contractโ€ฆ'
53
271960
4720
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ธด ๋ฒ„์ „์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ›„โ€ฆ'
04:36
You'll also need to look at some of theย  more advanced uses of relative clausesย ย 
54
276680
4720
๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ˆ์˜ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•
04:41
and how to use apposition at C1. Whatย  is apposition? Well, it looks like this:ย ย 
55
281400
6520
๊ณผ C1์—์„œ ๋™๊ฒฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๊ฒฉ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”. ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š”
04:47
notice the 2 noun clauses next to eachย  other, referring to the same thing.
56
287920
5120
๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์ด ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
04:53
'The new training programme, aย  vital component of our employeeย ย 
57
293040
4160
' ์ง์› ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ „๋žต์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€
04:57
development strategy, will launch in April.'
58
297200
2840
4์›”์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
05:00
Let's move on to the nextย  topicโ€”Conditional Structures.
59
300040
3080
๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
By the time you get to C1, you should beย  familiar with the zero to third conditionals.
60
303120
5880
C1์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด 0~3๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
You probably have already learntย  about mixed conditionals, too,
61
309000
3600
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
although using those accuratelyย  usually takes practice!
62
312600
3240
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ณดํ†ต ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
05:15
At C1, you're ready to dive intoย  more advanced structures like these:ย ย 
63
315840
5080
C1์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋”์šฑ ์ง„๋ณด๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
'Were we to invest in the company,ย  we would be taking a huge risk.'
64
320920
4560
'ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
05:25
C1 students will also know the subtle differenceย  between 'were we to invest' and 'if we invested'.
65
325480
7160
C1 ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ 'ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ'์™€ 'ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด'์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Or another example: 'Suppose we wereย  to expand into the Korean market;ย ย 
66
332640
5400
๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ: '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. '
05:38
how would that impact our operations?'
67
338040
2800
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šด์˜์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น ๊นŒ์š”?' 'suppose'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ
05:40
Notice the semicolon between the clausesย  when we begin with 'suppose'. Usingย ย 
68
340840
5840
์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
05:46
punctuation accurately in more advancedย  structures, will help you get to C1.
69
346680
4960
๋”์šฑ ๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋‘์ ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด C1์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Moving along, our next topicย  is the Passive Voice! Again,ย ย 
70
351640
4960
์ด์–ด์„œ, ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
05:56
you should already know about the basic rules,ย ย 
71
356600
2720
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ
05:59
but at C1, you'll learn how to use more advancedย  structures, like using -ing forms in the passive.
72
359320
7000
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ C1์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
For example: 'The issue liesย  in the funds not having beenย ย 
73
366320
3800
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด: '๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ• ๋‹น๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:10
allocated correctly.' 'Not having beenย  allocated' is a passive -ing form.
74
370120
6520
.' 'ํ• ๋‹น๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ '์€ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
And you'll be introduced to impersonalย  passive structures, for example:
75
376640
4800
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„์ธ์นญ ์ˆ˜๋™์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
06:21
'It is thought that the company willย  announce a new product line soon.'
76
381440
4080
'ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
06:25
Okay, the next thing we're looking at is hedging.ย  Nothing to do with gardening. Hedging is when youย ย 
77
385520
7200
์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ—ค์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์˜ˆ์™€๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ—ค์ง€๋ž€
06:32
soften your message, making it sound less forcefulย  or less certain. You might do this in order to beย ย 
78
392720
8040
๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋œ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:40
polite, or to avoid being seen as arrogant or toย  express ideas that you're not sure are accurate.
79
400760
7480
, ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋˜๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
It's very useful!
80
408240
1200
์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋„ค์š”!
06:49
In addition to other structures, weย  often use modal verbs like 'may',ย ย 
81
409440
3880
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… 'may',
06:53
'might' and 'could' combined with hedgingย  adverbs like 'potentially' or 'conceivably'.
82
413320
7360
'might', 'could'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ 'potentially' ๋˜๋Š” 'conceivably'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšŒํ”ผ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
This really takes your language toย  a C1 level. Like in this sentence:
83
420680
4720
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”:
07:05
'Opening an office in that regionย  could potentially lead to lucrativeย ย 
84
425400
4240
'ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์„ ์—ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:09
partnerships.' Polite and professional.
85
429640
3800
.' ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
At C1, you'll learn about some ofย  the more advanced uses of modals,
86
433440
4560
C1์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
For example, you'll learn the difference between:ย ย 
87
438000
2440
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, '
07:20
'You might have told me thatย  the meeting had been cancelled.'
88
440440
3680
ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์™€ 'ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
And: 'You might have told me thatย  the meeting had been cancelled.' So,ย ย 
89
444120
3720
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ : ' ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.' ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
07:27
the first one means maybe you did.ย  I can't remember. And the secondย ย 
90
447840
4400
์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹ต์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘
07:32
one means 'you should have toldย  me'. The sentences are identical!
91
452240
4760
๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” '๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด '๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”!
07:37
In speech,
92
457000
560
07:37
the tone of voice would beย  different, but in writing,ย ย 
93
457560
3040
๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
์–ด์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ๋Š”
07:40
you'd have to work out theย  meaning from the context.
94
460600
2760
๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Okay, on to the next grammarย  pointsโ€”Cleft sentences and Inversion.
95
463360
5200
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์™€ ์—ญ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
They're my favourites and my studentsย  love learning these structures, too.
96
468560
4040
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๊ณ  ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Both are used for emphasis. We'll startย  with cleft sentences. With this structure,ย ย 
97
472600
5720
๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š์–ด์ง„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
07:58
we take one message and we split it into 2,
98
478320
3120
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ ,
08:01
emphasising a certain part byย  putting it in a separate clause.
99
481440
4000
๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์ ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
They often begin with 'it'. For example:ย  'It's effective time management that setsย ย 
100
485440
5840
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด: '
08:11
top-performing employees apartย  from the rest of the team.'
101
491280
3160
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ง์›์„ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํŒ€์›๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
08:14
You'll see similar structuresย  beginning with 'what' and 'all'.
102
494440
3760
'what'๊ณผ 'all'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
And now on to inversion!
103
498200
1680
์ด์ œ ์—ญ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
08:19
You actually saw an example of this earlier in theย  video in the conditional section in the sentence:ย ย 
104
499880
6120
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
'Were we to investโ€ฆ'โ€”the normal subject-verbย  order in a statement is inverted to 'Were weโ€ฆ'
105
506000
7720
'Were we to investโ€ฆ'โ€”์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Š” 'Were weโ€ฆ'๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์ „๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
At C1, you'll learn to use inversion in severalย  ways. For example, after negative adverbials.
106
513720
7360
C1์—์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ญ์ „์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์„ธ์š” . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ถ€์ • ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
'Rarely does an opportunity like this ariseย ย 
107
521080
3240
'
08:44
in such a saturated market.'ย  Sounds so fancy, doesn't it?
108
524320
4240
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฌํ™”๋œ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ฃ ?
08:48
And after other words and phrasesย  like 'so' and 'such'. 'So successfulย ย 
109
528560
5440
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'so', 'such'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋’ค์—๋Š”. '
08:54
was the marketing campaign thatย  sales doubled within a month.'
110
534000
3600
๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด์–ด์„œ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— ๋งค์ถœ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
08:57
I think those sentences justย  sound so beautiful and advanced!
111
537600
3640
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์ง„๋ณด์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
09:01
Okay, we're moving on to theย  next point nowโ€”linking words.
112
541240
3440
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
At C1, you need to be ableย  to produce extended, detailedย ย 
113
544680
4560
C1์—์„œ๋Š”
09:09
texts that are well-structured and easy to follow.
114
549240
3320
์ž˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด, ๊ธธ๊ณ  ์ž์„ธํ•œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
One way to do this is by using linking words.
115
552560
3120
์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
You'll have learnt a lot of the linking wordsย  you need by the time you reach B2 in English,ย ย 
116
555680
5440
์˜์–ด B2 ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด
09:21
words like 'nevertheless' and 'furthermore'.
117
561120
3440
'nevertheless'์™€ 'furthermore'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
The key at C1 is revising linking wordsย  and ensuring you're using them effectively.
118
564560
5960
C1์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ • ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
But there's always time toย  pick up some more advancedย ย 
119
570520
3040
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:33
words and phrases like 'much as' andย  'notwithstanding'! I've put a coupleย ย 
120
573560
6320
'much as'์™€ 'notwithstanding'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ์ตํž ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ! ์ €๋Š”
09:39
of examples using those words in theย  PDF, so don't forget to download that.
121
579880
4560
ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ PDF๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ , ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:44
Okay, we have 2 more topics to go. The nextย  is Comparative and Superlative Structures.
122
584440
6120
์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
You'll already know a lotย  by the time you reach C1,ย ย 
123
590560
3040
C1์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
09:53
but at an advanced level,ย  you'll add in structures.
124
593600
3320
๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
'The faster we finish, the sooner we can leave.'
125
596920
3360
'๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋– ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
10:00
We're on our last topic,ย ย 
126
600280
1560
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:01
and we haven't talked about tenses yetย  and I haven't forgotten about them!
127
601840
4120
์•„์ง ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:05
You should already be a fairly confident userย  of a variety of tenses by the time you reach C1.
128
605960
6680
C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
At the advanced level, it's about practiceย ย 
129
612640
2840
๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
10:15
and getting truly comfortable employingย  the right tense in different situations.
130
615480
5880
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
A C1 course will also teach you someย  of the more advanced uses of tenses,ย ย 
131
621360
4880
C1 ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
10:26
like using the present tense when narratingย  a story that happened in the past.
132
626240
5440
์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:31
For example:
133
631680
1360
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด:
10:33
'So, I'm in the middle of preparingย  a big presentation and suddenly,ย ย 
134
633040
4400
'์ €๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์ค€๋น„ ์ค‘์ธ๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ
10:37
my laptop crashes.' It makesย  it sound more dramatic!
135
637440
3560
๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์ด ๊ณ ์žฅ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.' ๋” ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”!
10:41
And you'll learn some expressionsย  that refer to the near future,ย ย 
136
641000
3200
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:44
such as 'be on the verge of'. 'The company isย  on the verge of making a big announcement.'
137
644200
6600
'~์˜ ์ง์ „์ด๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
10:50
Okay, there you have it! That is all of theย ย 
138
650800
2480
์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
10:53
grammar that you need forย  advanced, C1-level English.
139
653280
4640
๊ณ ๊ธ‰ C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์˜์–ด์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Which of those structures do you need toย  consolidate to feel more comfortable using?
140
657920
4800
๋” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:02
Are there any that were newย  that you'd love to learn?
141
662720
2680
์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:05
Let me know in the comments!
142
665400
1960
๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”!
11:07
And don't forget, if your goal isย  to feel completely comfortable,ย ย 
143
667360
5280
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ
11:12
natural and confident using advancedย  professional English at work, join theย ย 
144
672640
5600
๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ผ๋ฉด
11:18
waiting list for my Professionalย  English Programme (Level 3).
145
678240
4040
์ „๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 3) ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:22
It launches very soon and I wantย  you to be the first to know!
146
682280
3520
๊ณง ์ถœ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:25
The link is in the description.
147
685800
1840
๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
I will see you in the next video. Bye!
148
687640
22800
๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”. ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7