5 Expert Ways to Use 'Should' in English [Advanced English Grammar]

72,120 views ・ 2020-08-19

Speak Confident English


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Hey, I'm Annemarie with Speak Confident English.
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This is exactly where you want to be every week to get the confidence you want
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for your life and work in English. A few weeks ago,
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I shared a lesson on how to use advanced English sentence structures
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to talk about your future hopes without using the word hope.
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One way to do that is with the sentence starter: I should think that...
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If you want to get more about that lesson,
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I'll definitely include a link to it below this video in the notes,
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but it was incredible to see all the example responses
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and comments that you and others in the Confident English community shared.
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So today we're going to continue building on your knowledge of how to
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expertly use that word should in English.
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If you think back to when you first began to study English,
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you might remember lessons on modals.
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Modals are those words like could, should, might,
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would may shall. Do you remember all of those?
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Very rarely do lessons spend the appropriate amount of time
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to truly understand how we use those words,
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all the different ways that we use modals in English.
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If you've been following me for a while,
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you know that I love to take one specific topic and dive deep so
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that you have the know how to confidently use advanced level
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vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structures. In fact,
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I have a similar lesson on five expert ways to use
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could in English. And again,
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I'll leave a link to that lesson below this video in the notes,
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but today we're going to focus on that word should, should,
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can be used for giving advice, offering recommendations,
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talking about obligations or duty sharing probability and
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expectations. And finally,
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we can also use should to express regrets or
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admonishment.
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It's amazing that one little word can be used in so many ways in our
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communication. Should,
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is definitely a powerful word and an important one to know how to use
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well.
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And that's exactly what you're going to do today with five expert ways on how to
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use should in English. Not only are you going to get clear,
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easy to follow examples of how to use should in giving
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advice, recommendations, talking about obligations and so on,
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but you're also going to learn exactly how to structure your sentences.
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So that grammatically everything you say,
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whether you're talking about the past present or future is correct
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when you're using the word should,
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and you can do it with a hundred percent confidence,
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All right,
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let's get started right away with some common sentences we would use for all of
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those communication purposes. Again, giving advice, recommendations,
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talking about obligations, expectations, or probability,
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and sharing regrets about the past to do that.
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I'm going to give you five sentences and I want you to see,
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can you identify what that sentence is doing?
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Sentence number one, when you're in Washington, DC,
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you should definitely visit the National Art Gallery.
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What do you think? What am I doing in that sentence? When you're in Washington,
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DC,
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you should definitely visit the National Art Gallery.
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If you're thinking it's a recommendation or even advice,
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you're absolutely right.
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I'm assuming that sometime in the future,
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you might visit Washington DC. And if you do,
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my recommendation is you should definitely include the National Art Gallery
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on that list. Now, in a moment,
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we're going to talk a little bit more about what key words are
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telling you that it's a recommendation, but for now,
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let's try our second example sentence.
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I really should get started with work at 7:00 AM tomorrow morning,
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I have so much to do what do you think?
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What am I doing in that sentence? Again,
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our options are giving a recommendation, giving advice,
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talking about obligation or duty expressing
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probability or future expectations or sharing regrets about the
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past.
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What do you think I really should get started with work
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at 7:00 AM tomorrow morning, because I have so much to do.
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In that sentence, I'm absolutely talking about my obligation,
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my duty at work.
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It isn't necessarily something I must do or
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need to do, but it is important.
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It's something that I should prioritize.
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So let's pause here for a moment.
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What is something that you should really do this week or this month?
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Is there some obligation or duty that you have that is important?
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Try using the same sentence structure and share an example with me in the
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comments below example, sentence number three.
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Let's see. It's 3:00 PM.
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Their plane should have taken off by now.
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What do you think? What am I doing in that sentence? Giving advice,
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giving recommendations,
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talking about expectations or probability regrets.
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If you're thinking the probability or how likely it is that their
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plane has taken off. You're exactly right.
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This is all about probability or expectations.
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Let's go on to number four on weekends. If you can,
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you should definitely focus more on spending time with your family and enjoying
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your hobbies as opposed to working.
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What do you think this one is back to that idea
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of giving a recommendation or advice, and finally,
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example number five,
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he really should have gone to the doctor sooner.
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What do you think? What am I expressing in that sentence?
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He should have gone to the doctor sooner.
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I'm definitely expressing or sharing some regret about something
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in the past.
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That sentence tells me that he waited too long to go to the doctor.
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And as a result,
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maybe his symptoms are worse or he suffering more because he
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didn't go sooner.
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Now that we have these five examples and we've seen how we can use
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should to give advice, recommendations, talk about obligations,
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probability, and regret.
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Let's look more closely at the structure that we use,
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whether we want to use should for a past focused sentence present or
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future. Now, before we dive in here,
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I want to highlight that modals can be used for the present
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past and future, but they are irregular.
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They don't behave or act like regular verbs,
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such as want or complete.
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And that's exactly why we're focusing on structure in this lesson.
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Let's start with the present. This is a structure that we can use. Typically,
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when we want to talk about a present expectation or probability
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giving advice and offering recommendations,
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we can do this using both positive and negative forms and the structure is
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fairly simple.
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We use should plus the base form of a verb.
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Let's look at some examples to see that structure in action.
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They should be home by now.
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So we have that structure should be we're using should plus the
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base form of the verb. Here's another example. Generally speaking,
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everyone should eat more vegetables and fresh fruit. Again,
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we're using that present focused structure should eat.
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And those words, generally speaking,
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indicate that I'm talking about a general truth or giving some kind of
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advice. And finally, let's look at an example using the negative form.
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She should not leave her job until she has another offer.
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Before we move on to focus on the past,
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I want you to pause for a moment and try using this structure in one of your own
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example sentences.
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You can use a sentence that gives advice or a recommendation.
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You can talk about a current expectation or probability,
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or you could try another example talking about an obligation or duty that you
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have.
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The key here is following that structure of using should plus the base
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form of the verb. After you've got your example,
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you can share it with me and the entire Confident English community in the
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comments below the video. And now let's take a look at the past.
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This one gets a little complicated and here's where we're really going to work
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on advanced level grammar and structures.
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If we're going to focus on the past,
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we use should have plus the past participle
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or third form of the verb, that is a lot of jargon.
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So let's talk about what I mean by past participle to
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do that. Let's think back to earlier in this lesson,
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I talked about the regular verbs want and complete,
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and I want you to jog your memory.
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What that means is to go back far in your memory.
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Think back to when you first began learning English,
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you probably studied some verb charts and you had charts like want,
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wanted, wanted. Complete, completed, completed.
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Call called called.
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And those are all pretty easy because the second and third form end with
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ed, but then we have irregular verbs,
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eat ate eaten. Drink, drank drunk.
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Do you remember memorizing all those verbs?
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This is when that's going to become very helpful.
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And the examples that we're going to look at, we're going to use should have,
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plus that third form of the verb. For example,
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sentence, number one,
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he should have gone to the doctor sooner.
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I have that should have plus the third form of
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go: go, went gone.
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He should have gone to the doctor sooner. And if you recall here,
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I'm expressing some regret with this example,
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we could also use the verbal wait.
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He shouldn't have waited so long to go to the doctor.
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Let's look at another example.
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I know we should have gone to the National Art Gallery when we were in
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DC last summer, but we ran out of time.
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I'm using those words last summer.
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Those are key words that I'm talking about the past it's finished and
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I'm some regret about something we didn't do.
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Is there anything that you should have done on a past vacation,
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but maybe you ran out of time or the weather was bad and you
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couldn't do it. If so,
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I want you to share your example with me and use this structure should have
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plus the third form of the verb in an example sentence below.
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Let's look at one more example,
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she should have spent more time thinking about the pros
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and cons before making her decision. So what do you think happened?
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Did she spend the right amount of time thinking about the pros and cons?
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What is this sentence saying?
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It's definitely expressing some kind of regret or admonishment.
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The reality is she didn't spend enough time thinking about the
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pros and cons as a result. Maybe she made a bad choice.
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She should have spent more time thinking about the
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pros and cons. And now let's talk about the future.
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Just like with the present we use should plus the base form of the verb.
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That means we have to look at other words in the sentence to have a clear
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idea, whether we're talking about the future or the present.
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So let's look at some examples. Number one,
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we should hear from them next week in this sentence,
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I have two key words that tell me I'm talking about the future.
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Those words are next week.
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I could also use something like we should hear from them by tomorrow
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in both of those examples,
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I'm talking about a future expectation that I have
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example, number two, next time you're in DC.
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You should go to the National Art Gallery.
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Here the key words that give this sentence
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a future focus are next time. Next time,
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sometime in the future,
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when you have the opportunity to visit DC again,
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you should visit the National Art Gallery.
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I know I'm totally obsessed with the National Art Gallery,
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but it really is an amazing museum. All right,
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now that you know how to use should to give advice recommendations,
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talk about obligations and duty express probability or
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expectations and share regret.
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Plus you have the correct structures to use. If you haven't yet,
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I want you to practice. If you're struggling with examples,
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here are three specific things I want you to try to do using should in
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English. Number one, give me a recommendation.
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Imagine someone is going to visit your home country or your home city.
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What should someone definitely make for,
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or do if they visit your home country?
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The second thing that I want you to do is to share an
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expectation. Think about the next year,
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what is one expectation that you have?
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What is something that should happen next year?
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And finally,
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the third thing I want you to do with this lesson today is to try sharing some
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kind of past regret or admonishment.
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Is there something that you or maybe a friend of yours should
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have done differently when you were younger .now in
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those three examples I'm asking you to use should in the present,
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past, and future, just as we talked about in this lesson.
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If you found today's Confident English lesson helpful to you,
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I would love to know. And you can tell me in three very simple ways.
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Number one, give this lesson a thumbs up on YouTube. Number two,
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share your comments below the video. And number three,
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be sure to subscribe to the Speak Confident English YouTube channel so you never
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miss one of my Confident English lessons as always.
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Thank you so much for joining me. And I look forward to seeing you next time.
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