Present Perfect Tense for Talking About Experiences - Talk About Achievements in English

2,447 views ใƒป 2022-01-06

Paper English - English Danny


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
what is the present perfect tenseย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:05
the present perfect tense is formed from theย  present tense of the verb have so we use haveย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ have์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด์—
00:13
or has depending on the subject and somethingย  called the past participle of the verb
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๋”ฐ๋ผ have or have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
for example we can say i have changed she has readย  the book here we see we have our verb have i haveย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด i have changed she has read๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ…์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ have i have
00:36
or she has and then the past participle formย  of the next verb i have changed she has readย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” she have ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌํ˜• i have changed she has read
00:47
so when can we use present perfect tenseย  well there are a few different waysย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ธ์ œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:55
we can use present perfect for something thatย  started in the past and continues in the presentย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
so started in the past and continuesย  today i have lived in korea for sevenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ 7
01:11
years so it started in the past and itย  continues today i still live in korea
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๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
we can use the present perfect for somethingย  that happened in the past but is importantย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:27
now in the present i can't study because i haveย  lost my book so this happened in the past butย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ
01:36
it's important to what's happening right nowย  i can't study because i have lost my book
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— se i have lost my book
01:45
we can also use the presentย  perfect when we're talking aboutย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:49
our experience up to the current timeย  up to the present i've seen that filmย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ up to the present
01:57
i have seen that film this isย  what we're going to focus on todayย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ค๋Š˜
02:04
let's learn how to use the present perfect toย  talk about our experience and our achievements
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ทจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
let's begin by looking at what these twoย  words mean what is an experience and what isย ย 
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์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:22
an achievement today when we are lookingย  at an experience we're going to focus onย ย 
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02:30
work experience so this means work that you haveย  done in the past any experience you have workingย ย 
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์—…๋ฌด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:41
so this means from the past until now yourย  experience how about the word achievementย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์ทจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:50
and achievement is something you accomplishย  like a big goal so we can also useย ย 
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์„ฑ์ทจ๋Š” ํฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
02:58
present perfect to talk about your achievementsย  things that you have done that you feel proud of
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์—…์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ
03:08
this is how we can form sentences using theย  present perfect tense so we start with ourย ย 
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03:15
subject i you we they he she it or someone'sย  name have or has depending on the subjectย ย 
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one's name have ๋˜๋Š” have๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
03:26
remember that for he she and it we useย  has then we have our past participleย ย 
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he she์™€ it์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
03:36
so sometimes the past participle looks like normalย  past tense but we have some different forms inย ย 
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03:43
here as well like studied worked won been andย  managed and then we have the rest of our sentenceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:54
so let's look at these sentences where we areย  using present perfect to talk about experienceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
04:02
number one i have studied at university this isย  experience and it is relevant to work right i haveย ย 
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04:13
studied at university you could also say what youย  have studied i have studied english at university
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
04:23
number two you have worked for fiveย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ•œ 2๋ฒˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
years so we can use have worked to talk aboutย  how long as well you have worked for five yearsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์ผํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
how about an achievement we have won a competitionย  this is something you might use in an interviewย ย 
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๋ฉด์ ‘์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
for example to talk about yourย  accomplishment or your achievementย ย 
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04:51
related to the work or job you're applying forย  number four they have been to the conferenceย ย 
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ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:02
and number five he has managed or she has managedย  10 people so these are all examples of sentencesย ย 
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5๋ฒˆ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ 10๋ช…์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:12
and also past participles we can use when talkingย  about experience using the present perfect tenseย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• 
05:22
we can also add not or never to make the sentenceย  negative so let's see what that would look like
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜• ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:33
here we have our same sentences but nowย  we have added not and never i have notย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ not๊ณผ never i have not์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ
05:41
studied at university or again you can add theย  subject i have not studied english at universityย ย 
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡
05:51
you have not worked for five years we haveย  never won a competition they have not beenย ย 
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๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
06:00
to the conference and he or she has never managedย  10 people so notice that not and never go in theย ย 
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ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 10๋ช…์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ
06:09
same place in these sentences when we're usingย  present perfect tense i have not i have never
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ ˆ๋Œ€
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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