English Word Families l Word Family in English about Politics- Learn ENGLISH about Word Families

403 views ・ 2021-04-07

Paper English - English Danny


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
welcome back to the english danny channel i'm  dr don and today i'm going to show you more ways  
0
560
7440
00:08
to expand your vocabulary using word families  remember a word family is a set of words whose  
1
8000
9440
00:17
meaning comes from the meaning of one root word  for example if you know the meaning of help  
2
17440
8080
00:25
you can figure out the meaning of words  like helper helpless helpful and unhelpful  
3
25520
7600
00:34
today we're going to look at  three more common root words  
4
34000
5520
00:40
the theme for today's root words is politics  by the end of this lesson you will have a much  
5
40880
10320
00:51
better idea of how we think about politics and  political things in english let's go all three  
6
51200
11360
01:02
of the root words in today's lesson originally  started out as words in the ancient greek language  
7
62560
7840
01:10
and the first route is polis p-o-l-i-s from  which we get the word politics polis in greek  
8
70400
10400
01:20
originally means city and a city is probably  one of the first large political groupings  
9
80800
7520
01:28
of human beings that p-o-l-i root shows up in a  lot of other english words as i just said politics  
10
88320
10640
01:38
is a word built on this route and it means all of  the activities connected with ruling or governing  
11
98960
8720
01:47
not just a city but a community a nation any  large group of people is involved with politics  
12
107680
7440
01:56
from that root polis the french word  policy developed and policy means  
13
116560
7040
02:03
civil administration the administration  or running of the business of the city  
14
123600
5840
02:10
and from that french word we get the modern  english word policy spelled a little differently  
15
130000
6880
02:16
but pronounced almost the same and policy in  english means any course of action which has been  
16
136880
8240
02:25
followed or proposed by a government a business or  an individual the president has proposed several  
17
145120
9520
02:34
new policy changes that means changes in how the  government or the business will conduct itself  
18
154640
9840
02:46
from the root word polis we also get the word  police which originally meant public order  
19
166000
7200
02:53
inside the city now the word police means a civil  force of a government which is responsible for  
20
173200
9120
03:02
preventing or detecting crime and for maintaining  public order someone broke into my house so i  
21
182320
8800
03:11
called the police from polis we not only get the  word politic or politics we get the word impolitic  
22
191120
8480
03:20
and if we add the prefix i am meaning not to  politic we get an adjective meaning someone  
23
200320
8320
03:28
without social prudence someone who engages  in unwise public behavior it was impolitic  
24
208640
8560
03:37
to insult your boss that way here's one more  adjective coming from the root polis cosmopolitan  
25
217200
8640
03:46
cosmos means world and polis means city so  someone or something who is cosmopolitan means  
26
226480
9120
03:55
they include or contain people from all over  the world but could also mean a person who has  
27
235600
8000
04:03
a worldly sophistication they seem to be a citizen  of the world our second root word is arc a a-r-c-h  
28
243600
10720
04:14
which originally meant chief ruler or origin  building on this route we have the word monarch  
29
254880
9200
04:24
add the prefix mono meaning one to arc chief or  ruler and you get monarch a single person who  
30
264080
9040
04:33
rules a whole area a king a queen or an emperor  is an example of a monarch we also have the word  
31
273120
10320
04:44
patriarch so if we add the root word potter  meaning father we get father rule of the father  
32
284080
8560
04:52
or fatherly rule patriarch means the ruling father  or the male head of a family it could be a father  
33
292640
8400
05:01
or a grandfather such a person could be called  the patriarch of the family now here's another  
34
301040
7840
05:08
word building on the root anarchy can  you guess what that one means well  
35
308880
6080
05:16
and means without the prefix a-n it means without  so perhaps you can guess now that anarchy means an  
36
316240
8320
05:24
area without a ruler or government  anarchy is the absence of government  
37
324560
6640
05:31
but it can also mean a state of disorder caused  by lack of government we fell into a state of  
38
331200
7360
05:38
anarchy now here's a non-political  word that uses the ark root architect  
39
338560
7200
05:46
arc means chief and a techton is a builder so  the architect is the chief builder and this  
40
346800
9280
05:56
is about right because an architect in english  means a person who designs buildings and often  
41
356080
7360
06:04
supervises the construction of buildings as  well our third and final route word for today  
42
364000
7760
06:12
is govern originally kubernetes meant to steer a  boat and from this idea we got govern meaning to  
43
372320
10720
06:23
steer the city or the state to guide it the way  you would guide a ship safely across the sea this  
44
383040
9200
06:32
idea of the city or the state being like a boat on  the ocean that needs to be safely steered is very  
45
392240
8000
06:40
common in english thinking about what government  is for the word governor adds the suffix or which  
46
400240
10080
06:50
means a person who does an action so a governor  is a person who rules a person who governs others  
47
410320
9600
07:00
in the united states the head of the government  of one of our 50 states is called the governor  
48
420960
8000
07:10
the word government itself is of course  another word building on the root govern  
49
430320
7200
07:18
we add the suffix m e and t to indicate the action  of doing something or the result of an action  
50
438160
6960
07:25
so the act of ruling or the result of ruling is  involved with government and when we use the word  
51
445120
7840
07:32
government we mean a system which rules or governs  a city a state or any other large community  
52
452960
8320
07:41
another word using this root is governable  we add the suffix able meaning ability so  
53
461840
8720
07:50
governable is an adjective meaning something which  can be governed or steered and of course if we  
54
470560
7440
07:58
said ungovernable that would mean something  or someone who can't be governed or steered  
55
478000
7040
08:06
here's one more word using this root  misgovern can you guess what it means  
56
486160
6480
08:14
well here's a hint the mis prefix means wrong or  badly so to misgovern means to govern wrong or to  
57
494080
11680
08:25
govern badly the economy has been misgoverned  so badly that the city is without funds  
58
505760
8480
08:35
polis arkham govern those are three different  root words dealing with politics and rule from  
59
515600
9360
08:44
these words you can see that in english politics  is concerned with the things of the city with who  
60
524960
7120
08:52
is in charge who is the chief and with steering  things correctly steering them the way you  
61
532080
7920
09:00
might steer a ship and also because all three of  those words originally came from greek you could  
62
540000
8320
09:08
see that there was a strong influence of greek  political thought on english political thought  
63
548320
6560
09:15
now that you know these roots can  you guess what a word like politicize  
64
555840
6000
09:22
means how about hierarchy or governance  share your guesses and any questions or  
65
562480
9920
09:32
comments in the in the section below and  i hope to see you all in the next video
66
572400
5280
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7