15 ADVANCED (C1) Essay Phrases for Writing Like a PRO! | IELTS | ACADEMIC | BUSINESS

95,191 views ใƒป 2023-10-25

Learn English with Harry


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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Hi there, this is Harry, welcome back to advancedย  English lessons with Harry, where I try to helpย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์™€์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
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you to get a better understanding of the Englishย  language. Helping you with all of your vocabulary,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ ์ž ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ชจ๋“  ์–ดํœ˜,
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adjectives, adverbs, transformation,ย  phrasal verbs. Whatever you need,ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๋ณ€ํ™˜, ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ 
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we're here to help you. And indeed, ifย  you're preparing for proficiency exams,ย ย 
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ค€๋น„ ์ค‘์ด
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or you're preparing, preparing for a jobย  interview, well, you've come to the rightย ย 
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ทจ์—… ๋ฉด์ ‘์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ž˜ ์ฐพ์•„์˜ค์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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place. If you've got any worries, anyย  concerns, drop me a line, and we'll seeย ย 
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. ๊ฑฑ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ ค ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด
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what we can do to help you. And at the end ofย  this particular lesson, of course, as always,ย ย 
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๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ
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I'll give you my address. And if you want toย  contact me, well, you'll have the details there.
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์ œ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์„ธ๋ถ€์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Okay, so as I said, this isย  an advanced English lesson.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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And in this particular lesson, we're looking atย  useful phrases for essays. So this is all aboutย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์—์„ธ์ด์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
00:46
your written English. Useful phrases for essaysย  and most of the phrases I'm going to give you nowย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ž‘๋ฌธ ์˜์–ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—์„ธ์ด์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋“ค ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
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are really good for more formal type of writing.ย  So if you're writing an essay for a particularย ย 
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
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exam, whether it be IELTS or FCE or CAE, theseย  expressions are really useful. You could beย ย 
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IELTS, FCE, CAE ๋“ฑ ํŠน์ • ์‹œํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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writing a thesis, you could be writing reports,ย  you could be getting your students to writeย ย 
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๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ 
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essays, so they're going to be helpful for you inย  that respect. So as I said, they're quite formal.ย ย 
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์—์„œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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I've divided them into different sections, butย  it's all about phrases that you would use to makeย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„น์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹น์‹ 
01:24
your English sound a little better. And in exams,ย  in particular, IELTS and CAE the examiner lovesย ย 
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์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜, ํŠนํžˆ IELTS ๋ฐ CAE์—์„œ ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์€
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to see these types of phrases used, because itย  indicates that you've got a better understandingย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์—์„ธ์ด
01:39
of the English language, that you can use theseย  phrases in certain paragraphs throughout yourย ย 
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์ „์ฒด์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—์„ธ์ด์˜
01:46
essay, either at the beginning or the middle, orย  the end of your essay. So look at them carefully,ย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋˜๋Š” ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ,
01:52
practice them, try and use them and see howย  you can introduce them into your writing.
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ธ€์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:57
Now, they're not expressions that Iย  would generally use in spoken English,ย ย 
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์ž, ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ํšŒํ™”์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ,
02:02
you might use one or two of them in a real formalย  setting. Or if you're making the presentation,ย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋™๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
02:08
for example, to your colleagues, or clients orย  some convention, then of course, you might find aย ย 
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ PowerPoint ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์—
02:14
use for these expressions, because you'll probablyย  include them in a PowerPoint presentation.ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:20
But ultimately and mostly I've put them downย  here for ways of helping you to improve yourย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ž‘๋ฌธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
02:27
written English and particularly, when you'reย  writing essays is really, really important.
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, ํŠนํžˆ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ ์–ด ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ
02:33
When you're writing an essay that you haveย  the right structure. You know that you haveย ย 
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๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
02:37
the beginning, your which is really the questionย  that you've been asked, you have the main body,ย ย 
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์‹œ์ž‘์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
02:42
which is your views, or your arguments orย  your points of view, and then the very end,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด, ์ฃผ์žฅ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ด
02:48
which is your conclusion or summary of yourย  particular essay. So these are the types ofย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋˜๋Š” ์š”์•ฝ . ์—์„ธ์ด์˜
02:54
expressions that you can use in differentย  parts of your essay. Okay, so as I say,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋Œ€๋กœ
03:00
I've split them into different sections. Oneย  section is called expressing an opinion. Soย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„น์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์„น์…˜์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:05
where you want to express an opinion, second,ย  is commonly held views. Third, saying what otherย ย 
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์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฌํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
03:12
people think so giving other people's opinion.ย  And then finally, referring to sources. Which isย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋งํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
always important when you're writing more formalย  documents is that you must refer to your source,ย ย 
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜, ์ฆ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์–ป์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:25
where did you get the information from. Okay,ย  we'll take it one section after another.
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. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์„น์…˜์”ฉ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
So the first one is expressing anย  opinion. So here, we've got three,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์„ธ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ย  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
03:35
it's probably true to say that okay,ย  so here you're expressing your opinion,ย ย 
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
it's probably true to say that most peopleย  haven't travelled more than six countriesย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 1๋…„์— 6๊ฐœ๊ตญ ์ด์ƒ,
03:49
a year or three countries a year. Okay. Soย  it is probably true to say that most peopleย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” 1๋…„์— 3๊ฐœ๊ตญ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 1๋…„์—
03:55
never travel to more than three or four orย  five or six countries a year. It's probablyย ย 
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3~4๊ฐœ๊ตญ, 5~6๊ฐœ๊ตญ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„
04:00
true to say that that means that it can't beย  disputed because it's general information.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ๋งž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
A little bit stronger, thatย  can be no doubt that Okay,ย ย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
so there can be no doubt that the longest days ofย  the year and the darkest days happen in winter,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋…„ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด ๋‚  ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๋‚ ์ด ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€
04:21
there can be no doubt. So nobody is going toย  dispute it because it's more or less a fact.
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์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
It is simply not the case that everyone enjoysย  black humour. It is simply not the case that okay,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์œ ๋จธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
04:37
so you're again expressing yourย  opinion. So three ways to say it,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ๋„ค์š” . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
04:42
it is probably probably true to say that. Thereย  can be no doubt that. Or simply not the case that.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Okay, second section commonly held views soย  these are general views held by lots of people,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„น์…˜์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฌํ•ด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
so they're not Your opinion, they're notย  my opinion, they are commonly held viewsย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์ œ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
05:04
or views held generally by people. So here'sย  how we express it. It is widely believed thatย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฌํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
this is very, very commonly used as aย  really good way to introduce a point.ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์š”์ ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
So you're not saying this is my opinion,ย  your opinion, but it is widely believedย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ, ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „
05:23
that so widely meaning lots of peopleย  in every country, all over the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
No one would dispute the fact that... So again,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ,
05:33
you're putting it out there that not you orย  me, no one would dispute the fact that...
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ๊ทธ
05:40
Few people would contest the fact that. Or fewย  people would dispute the fact that. So anotherย ย 
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
05:48
way so we're not saying no one here, we'reย  saying few people would Okay, so few peopleย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด
05:55
would mean that it's the very, very likely thatย  some might, but few people would contest thatย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:04
or few people would dispute the fact that okay.ย  So, it is generally agreed that it is generallyย ย 
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์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
06:15
agreed that again, a common way of tellingย  people that not your opinion, not my opinion,ย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:23
but generally most people or unbalance aย  lot of people would have these opinions
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:30
So commonly held views, it is widely believedย  that. No one would dispute the fact that. Fewย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
06:39
people would contest or dispute the factย  that and then it is generally agreed that.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
So let's give a couple of examples when you mightย  use it. It is widely believed that birds all flyย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ƒˆ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์„์— ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:54
south, in the autumn. It is widely believed thatย  all birds fly south in the autumn. No one wouldย ย 
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. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„์— ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
dispute the fact that the sun rises in the eastย  and it sets in the west. No one would disputeย ย 
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ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋– ์„œ ์„œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:11
that because it's a fact. Few people would contestย  the fact that people get a little weaker and loseย ย 
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. ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ํž˜์„ ์žƒ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:22
strength as they get older. So few people wouldย  contest meaning disagree or dispute the fact thatย ย 
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
07:30
as we grow older, we get a little weaker. Andย  then finally, it is generally agreed that it isย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์•ฝํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ด์›ƒ๊ณผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
07:38
generally agreed that it is much better to liveย  in peace and harmony with each other than to beย ย 
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์„œ๋กœ ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:44
continuously fighting with our neighbours.ย  It is generally agreed that so of course,ย ย 
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. ๋ฌผ๋ก ,
07:50
some people might dispute those facts, butย  on balance, everybody would agree. Okay.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ท ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:57
Now, the next section is saying what other peopleย  think. So here, we're very specifically focusingย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
08:03
on other people's opinion, not your opinion, okay.ย  You're the writer, the author of this particularย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด๊ณ  ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ์ €์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:09
essay, but this is what other people say, okay,ย  so there are those who argue that, okay, so you'veย ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
08:17
made your point in your essay, but then you'reย  going to give a counter argument by introducing itย ย 
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์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ์š”์ ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜๋ก ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:22
as follows. There are those who argue that peopleย  should have to pay for their hospital care. Okay,ย ย 
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. ๋ณ‘์› ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
08:31
so some people think it should be free. But thereย  are those who argue that nothing should be free inย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ ์—์„œ ๊ณต์งœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณ‘์› ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:37
this life, you should have to pay for everything,ย  including your hospital care hospital treatment.
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.
08:44
It has been suggested that it has been suggestedย  that people who pay for their hospital care areย ย 
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๋ณ‘์› ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ‘์› ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
08:53
more likely to appreciate it. Yeah. So it hasย  been suggested that so you're not suggesting it,ย ย 
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:58
but you're using this expression. It hasย  been suggested that you're not saying who,ย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฐํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
09:04
but generally people it has been suggested that.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
Or it is often claimed that. It is oftenย  claimed that people who have three or moreย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์…‹ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
09:18
children really don't control them as wellย  as people with just one child. So it is oftenย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์ข…์ข… ์ œ๊ธฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€
09:25
claimed that people who have three or moreย  children don't have the same control overย ย 
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์…‹ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์ข…์ข… ์ œ๊ธฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:31
the children as those who have only a singleย  or one child. I'm not making these statements.ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
I'm just using them as an example ofย  course, but it is often claimed that.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ ๋“  ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
And then finally, opponents, those people who areย  against you or supporters, people who are withย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž, ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์ง€์ž๋“ค, ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
09:50
you, proponents of something. So they argue that.ย  What do they argue? So opponents of this proposalย ย 
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, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:01
argue that supporters of this proposal argue that,ย  and those who have put forward the suggestionย ย 
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์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋‚ด๋†“์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:10
proponents of this suggestion argue that. Soย  what we're saying is these are different people,ย ย 
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์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
the opponents have a suggestion. So perhapsย  there's a plan to build a motorway through yourย ย 
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์€ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:26
city. Okay. So the opponents of this suggestionย  argue that it will destroy the character of theย ย 
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งˆ์„์ด๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:34
town or the city. Supporters of this motorway, sayย  that they will bring more people into the town andย ย 
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. ์ด ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งˆ์„๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
10:42
city and therefore they will spend more money. Andย  then proponents, the people who have put forwardย ย 
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์ง€์ž๋“ค, ์•ž์žฅ์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:48
have argued that this is the way forward, this isย  progress, and you can't stop progress. So here,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง„๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
10:56
we're using these words to tell us otherย  people's views or the other people think.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
So let me go through them again. And so here we'reย  saying what other people think not what you think.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
But what other people are thinking. There areย  those who argue that it has been suggested that.ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  โ€‹โ€‹์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
For example, so there are those who argue thatย  white is a better colour than black or black isย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ์ƒ‰์ด ๋” ์ข‹๊ณ ,
11:24
a better colour than white. It has been suggestedย  that heavy people have more fun or laugh more.ย ย 
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ํฐ์ƒ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰์ด ๋” ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์›ƒ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
It is often claimed that people with blondeย  hair have more fun. And then opponents of aย ย 
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๊ธˆ๋ฐœ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์ข…์ข… ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:39
particular scheme, supporters of a particularย  scheme, proponents of particular scheme argueย ย 
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ํŠน์ • ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž, ํŠน์ • ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ์ง€์ง€์ž , ํŠน์ • ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ์ง€์ง€์ž๋Š”
11:47
their point of view. Okay, so different ways whenย  people say what they believe or what they think.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
And then the final section is where we'reย  referring to sources, which is where weย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์„น์…˜์€ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ, ์ •๋ณด
11:57
get our information from the source of ourย  information. All the evidence suggests that. Okay,ย ย 
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์ถœ์ฒ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”,
12:06
all the evidence suggests that this isย  the best way forward for everybody. Ourย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž„์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
recent survey proved that 80% of peopleย  would be in favour of high-rise buildingsย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 80%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ณ ์ธต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:19
in the city. Judging by the commentsย  made by the people in on the internet,ย ย 
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. ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ๊ธด ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด
12:28
most people will be in favour of bigger schools,ย  larger classrooms. And interviews with studentsย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ํฐ ํ•™๊ต, ๋” ํฐ ๊ต์‹ค์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™์ƒ
12:39
or residents have revealed that 80% of studentsย  will drop out of college if they get bad marks.
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์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 80%์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜์œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Okay, so these are expressions that we can useย  when we're referring to sources of informationย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
12:55
that we have used in our essay to support ourย  argument to oppose our argument, or to get ourย ย 
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์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
13:02
point of view across so let me go through thoseย  ones again. So we're referring to sources ofย ย 
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๊ด€์ ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:07
information. All the evidence suggests that blah,ย  blah. A recent survey proved that blah blah,ย ย 
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. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ , ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ณ  ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ 
13:16
judging by the comments made by people and thenย  interviews with students have revealed that Okay
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์—
13:24
So let me give you some specific examples ofย  those. All the evidence suggests that the Britishย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ
13:30
people voted for Brexit, using wrong information.ย  A recent survey proved that the people who votedย ย 
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
13:40
for Brexit would change their mind if they had aย  chance to vote again. Judging by the comments madeย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ๊ธด ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด
13:47
by people on the internet, nobody understood whatย  they were voting for when they voted for Brexit,ย ย 
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, ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
13:54
an interview with students have revealed thatย  none of them voted either yes or no in theย ย 
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ์—์„œ ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ ๊ตญ๋ฏผํˆฌํ‘œ์—์„œ ์ฐฌ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:01
Brexit referendum. Okay, so different ways to giveย  information or sources of information that helpย ย 
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. ์ข‹์•„, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—์„ธ์ด์˜ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•
14:09
you with any particular argument in an essay thatย  you are writing and the examples I gave you thereย ย 
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๊ณผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
14:13
were relating to Brexit and the British governmentย  and the vote that they had five, six years ago.
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๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ ๋ฐ ์˜๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ํˆฌํ‘œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” 5, 6์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด ์ „์—.
14:21
Okay, so let's go through themย  again. We've got 1 2 3 4 sections,ย ย 
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1 2 3 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์„น์…˜์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
14:26
all relating to phrases that you can use whenย  you're writing essays. Particularly when you'reย ย 
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํŠนํžˆ FCE๋‚˜ IELTS์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
14:33
writing those proficiency essays and exams likeย  FCE or IELTS, or indeed any college entry essay.ย ย 
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์—์„ธ์ด์™€ ์‹œํ—˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ž…ํ•™ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
Or if you're teaching yourself which manyย  of you are, then these are expressions thatย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:47
you could give to your students to use in theirย  essays. So when you want to express an opinion,ย ย 
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์—์„ธ์ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
14:54
it is probably true to say that. There can be noย  doubt that. It is simply not the case that. Allย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
about expressing an opinion. Commonly held viewsย  not just by you commonly held views. It is widelyย ย 
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์˜๊ฒฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐํšŒ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์กฐํšŒ์ˆ˜๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋ฆฌ
15:10
believed that. No one would dispute the fact that.ย  Few people would contest or dispute the fact that.ย ย 
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์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
It is generally agreed that, so commonly heldย  views. And then what other people think thereย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:29
are those who argue that not necessarily meย  there are those who argued that it has beenย ย 
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ข…์ข… ์ฃผ์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
15:36
suggested that it is often claimed that and thenย  opponents or supporters of something, argue that,ย ย 
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, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜
15:48
whatever their point of view happens to be. Andย  then finally, when we want to refer to our sourcesย ย 
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๊ด€์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ๊ฐ„์— ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
15:53
of information to make our arguments, all theย  evidence suggests that a recent survey provedย ย 
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์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํŽผ์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๋ณด ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
16:02
that or indicated that judging by the commentsย  made by people on the internet or on Instagram.ย ย 
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์ฆํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
And then interviews with students or the elderlyย  or the residents, whoever they happen to be,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๊ณผ์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€,
16:16
whatever the group of people happen toย  be, have revealed that blah, blah, blah.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์— ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ  ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ  ์ €์ฉŒ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:21
Okay, so, good expressions, useful phrases forย  you to improve your writing skills examinersย ย 
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์ž, ์ž‘๋ฌธ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„, ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์€
16:28
love them, they really really love them, it showsย  a good command of English, drop a few of thoseย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ
16:33
into each of the paragraphs, and it's certainlyย  going to improve your chances of getting a really,ย ย 
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๊ฐ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์— ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํžˆย  ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋งย ย  ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:38
really good score. Now if you need any moreย  help, any other suggestions, then you canย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
16:43
contact me on www.englishlessonviaskype.com.ย  Very happy to hear from you and very happyย ย 
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www.englishlessonviaskype.com์œผ๋กœ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
to help you with any further information thatย  you need. Okay, this is Harry, thanking you forย ย 
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๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋„ค, ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
watching. Thank you for listening. Just a gentleย  hint, make sure you join me for the next lesson.
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ํžŒํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์—๋Š” ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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