How to Use Auxiliary Verbs for Emphasis and Contrast ๐Ÿ”น English Grammar

25,933 views ใƒป 2021-12-02

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer fromย  English with Jennifer. It's December,ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer ์™€ English์—์„œ ์˜จ Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ 12์›”
00:06
and one tradition I follow is holiday baking. Iย  don't have much time for baking during the year,ย ย 
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์ด๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํœด์ผ ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚นํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
00:12
but I do bake cookies at Christmastime. In thisย  video, we'll learn how to use auxiliary verbsย ย 
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์—๋Š” ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:18
for clarification and emphasis. I already gaveย  you an example. You did notice, didn't you?
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์„ค๋ช…๊ณผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ์ฃ ?
00:33
Auxiliary verbs are helping verbs. You knowย  them. Modal verbs are a group of auxiliary verbs:ย ย 
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:41
can, could, will, should, and so on. We useย  the helping verb BE in progressive verb forms:ย ย 
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can, could, will, should ๋“ฑ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ BE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:50
I am teaching. You are studying. We use theย  helping verb HAVE in perfect verb forms.ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ ์ค‘์ด ์•ผ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ HAVE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
We have studied together many times. We hadn'tย  talked about this use of auxiliary verbs.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Think of the helping verbs we use in questions...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ...
01:17
and negative forms.
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์™€ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
01:24
Auxiliary verbs can be used to create aย  contrast if you need to clarify or emphasizeย ย 
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋น„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:31
a fact or an opinion. I've never lived in Newย  York, but I have visited the city many times.ย ย 
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. ์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์— ์‚ด์•„๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋‰ด์š•์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
I can't dance every kind of dance, butย  I can do some basic ballroom steps.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ถค์„ ์ถœ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณผ๋ฃธ ์Šคํ…์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
With the simple present and simple past, we useย  the helping verbs DO, DOES, and DID. For example,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ DO, DOES, DID๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
01:57
I don't see my neighbors every day,ย  but I do see them throughout the week.ย ย 
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์ด์›ƒ์„ ๋งค์ผ ๋ณด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
In writing, we can use italics for emphasis.ย  In speaking, we can use our voice. I doย ย 
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
02:10
see them throughout the week. What happens if theย  idea is negative? We still use the auxiliary verb,ย ย 
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š” ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
02:18
but the emphasis goes on "not."ย  I do not see them every day.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋Š” "not"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งค์ผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
02:26
Quiz time! See if you can choose the correctย  auxiliary verb to clarify or emphasize an idea.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ํƒ€์ž„! ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
02:42
Victoria doesn't have a pet, butย  I know she does love animals.
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๋น…ํ† ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
I don't have a car, but I do know how to drive.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์šด์ „ํ•  ์ค„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Levi hasn't been to Asia, butย  he has traveled to Europe.
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Levi๋Š” ์•„์‹œ์•„์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Kelly hasn't been to South America,ย  but she did travel to Mexico last year.
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Kelly๋Š” ๋‚จ๋ฏธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘๋…„์— ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Our teacher said she won't grade her homework,ย  but she will grade class participation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ์ˆ™์ œ๋Š” ์ฑ„์ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€ ๋งŒ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋„๋Š” ์ฑ„์ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Garrett said he's free tonight,ย  but he is working all day tomorrow.
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Garrett์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์—๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด์ผ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
We can use the existing helping verb. We don'tย  use the contraction. We use the full form,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์กด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ
04:11
and then through italics or our voice, weย  emphasize the auxiliary verb: She will gradeย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด๋‚˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. She will grade
04:17
class participation. He isย  working all day tomorrow.
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class Partition. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
I'm not sure I'll be able to seeย  my favorite singer perform live,ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๊ณต์—ฐ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:39
but if I ever do, it will be an event to treasure.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
04:47
Notice in that last example how we can use anย  auxiliary verb not only for emphasis or contrast,ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ
04:54
but we can also use it to be concise. Ellipsisย  is the practice of omitting unnecessary wordsย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ง์ค„์ž„ํ‘œ๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€ํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:01
because they're understood. If you'd like to learnย  more about ellipsis watch my lesson on that topic.ย ย 
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. ์ค„์ž„ํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
05:10
The full form here is "if Iย  ever do see my favorite singer."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ „์ฒด ํ˜•์‹์€ ' ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
We'll end here. Please like theย  video if you found it useful.ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
05:22
As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
05:27
Everyone, visit me on Patreon. You can join to support my online work,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, Patreon์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:32
get live lessons and bonus videos, and some of you may even want a monthly 1:1 video call.
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๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๋ ˆ์Šจ๊ณผ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์›”๊ฐ„ 1:1 ํ™”์ƒ ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Follow me on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Why not join me on Patreon?
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ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ, ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. Patreon์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:45
And don't forget to subscribe on YouTube.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ๊ตฌ๋…๋„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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