Adjective Clauses: Test Your Knowledge of English Grammar with Jennifer

15,151 views ・ 2018-02-01

English with Jennifer


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:10
Hi everyone. It's Jennifer. I hope you've watched the previous lessons on adjective clauses and adjective phrases
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„. μ œλ‹ˆνΌμ•Ό. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆκ³Ό ν˜•μš©μ‚¬κ΅¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이전 κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό 보셨기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
because in this video, I'm going to test your knowledge. Are you ready?
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이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 지식을 ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•  것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ€€λΉ„ λ˜μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?
00:24
Let's start. Here's your first question.
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μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μž. 첫 번째 μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
What relative pronoun do we use to refer to people and only people?
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μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λžŒλ§Œμ„ μ§€μΉ­ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ–΄λ–€ 관계 λŒ€λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:36
The answer is WHO?
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ λˆ„κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:38
WHOM is also possible in a formal reference and only if we're using the relative pronoun as an object.
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WHOM은 곡식 μ°Έμ‘°μ—μ„œλ„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ©° 관계 λŒ€λͺ…사λ₯Ό λͺ©μ μ–΄λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λ§Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
Note that the relative pronoun WHOSE can also refer to people, but WHOSE is possessive.
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κ΄€κ³„λŒ€λͺ…사 WHOSEλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ„ 가리킬 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ WHOSEλŠ” μ†Œμœ κ²©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
We can also use it sometimes to refer to animals
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 동물을 μ§€μΉ­ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
Two. What relative pronoun can refer to either a person or a thing?
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2. μ–΄λ–€ 관계 λŒ€λͺ…사가 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λ‚˜ 사물을 가리킬 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:13
The answer is THAT.
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닡은 μ €κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
Three. When we form adjective clauses to refer back to a time, a place, and a reason,
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μ‚Ό. μ‹œκ°„, μž₯μ†Œ, 이유λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€ λ•Œ
01:25
what words do we use?
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μ–΄λ–€ 단어λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
01:30
We can use WHEN, WHERE, and WHY to form adjective clauses.
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WHEN, WHERE 및 WHYλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
Some people call adjective clauses relative clauses.
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ κ΄€κ³„μ ˆμ΄λΌκ³  λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
And some grammar books call WHEN, WHERE, and WHY relative adverbs.
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그리고 일뢀 문법 μ±…μ—μ„œλŠ” WHEN, WHERE 및 WHYλ₯Ό 관계 λΆ€μ‚¬λ‘œ λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
In any case, you should know that these words help us form adjective clauses,
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“  이 단어듀은 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 되며
01:50
and these adjective clauses refer back to a noun in the main clause.
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이 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ 주절의 λͺ…사λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μ°Έμ‘°ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
Question 4. Does the adjective clause come before or after the head noun, meaning the noun it modifies?
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질문 4. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ 그것이 μˆ˜μ‹ν•˜λŠ” λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” 머리 λͺ…사 μ•žμ΄λ‚˜ 뒀에 μ˜΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:06
Does position matter?
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μ§€μœ„κ°€ μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:11
An adjective clause always comes after. Usually it immediately follows the head noun.
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ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ 항상 뒀에 μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 보톡 머리 λͺ…사 λ°”λ‘œ 뒀에 μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
Question 5. Do we always need commas to set off adjective clauses?
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질문 5. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 항상 μ‰Όν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:26
In other words, do we need punctuation to separate an adjective clause from the main clause?
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즉, μ£Όμ ˆμ—μ„œ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ꡬ두점이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:36
No. Commas are not always needed. We only use commas to set off non-essential information.
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μ•„λ‹ˆμš”. μ‰Όν‘œκ°€ 항상 ν•„μš”ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 정보λ₯Ό κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‰Όν‘œλ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
we do not need commas when we need the information of an adjective clause to identify the head noun.
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머리 λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‹λ³„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ˜ 정보가 ν•„μš”ν•  λ•Œ μ‰Όν‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
Six. Does an adjective clause always come at the end of a sentence?
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윑. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ 항상 λ¬Έμž₯의 끝에 μ˜€λ‚˜μš”?
03:04
No. Often it does come at the end because it follows the head noun in the main clause.
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μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’…μ’… 주절의 머리 λͺ…사 뒀에 였기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 끝에 μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
Sometimes a short adjective clause has a middle position in the sentence.
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 짧은 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ λ¬Έμž₯의 쀑간 μœ„μΉ˜μ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
Seven. Can an adjective clause stand alone as a sentence?
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일곱. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ΄ λ¬Έμž₯으둜 λ‹¨λ…μœΌλ‘œ μ„€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:34
No in standard grammar we combine an adjective clause with an independent clause to create a complex sentence.
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μ•„λ‹ˆμš” ν‘œμ€€ λ¬Έλ²•μ—μ„œλŠ” ν˜•μš©μ‚¬ 절과 독립 μ ˆμ„ κ²°ν•©ν•˜μ—¬ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
Eight. Can all adjective clauses reduce to adjective phrases?
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μ—¬λŸ. λͺ¨λ“  ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ΄ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬κ΅¬λ‘œ μΆ•μ†Œλ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:54
No. When we reduce an adjective clause, the relative pronoun must be WHO, WHICH, or THAT and
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μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ μΆ•μ•½ν•  λ•Œ κ΄€κ³„λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” WHO, WHICH λ˜λŠ” THATμ—¬μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
04:02
the relative pronoun must be the subject of the clause.
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κ΄€κ³„λŒ€λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” 절의 μ£Όμ–΄μ—¬μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
Nine. This isn't a question, but a task. I want you to form adjective clauses.
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아홉. 이것은 질문이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ κ³Όμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
You'll create a total of five complex sentences
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총 5개의 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
Let's go over the answers.
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닡을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
Here's a bonus question. Is there any relative pronoun we can omit?
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μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄λ„ˆμŠ€ 질문이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μƒλž΅ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ΄€κ³„λŒ€λͺ…사가 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
06:10
Ten. I'd like you to reduce these three adjective clauses.
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μ‹­. 이 μ„Έ 가지 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ„ μ€„μ—¬μ£Όμ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
Let's go over the answers.
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닡변을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:07
Are you ready for more of a challenge? I'd like you to spot the mistakes in the next four examples.
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더 λ§Žμ€ 도전을 ν•  μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ…¨λ‚˜μš”? λ‹€μŒ λ„€ 가지 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:23
The problem is the position of the adjective clause.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
It should follow the head noun as closely as possible.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ κ°€κΉκ²Œ 머리 λͺ…사λ₯Ό 따라야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
Too much separation creates confusion.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ€ λΆ„λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜Όλž€μ„ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
Here's one way to correct the sentence.
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λ‹€μŒμ€ λ¬Έμž₯을 μˆ˜μ •ν•˜λŠ” ν•œ 가지 λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
The problem is the use of two pronouns in the adjective clause.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” ν˜•μš©μ‚¬ μ ˆμ—μ„œ 두 개의 λŒ€λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
We already have the relative pronoun, so there's no need for "they." Here's the correct wording.
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이미 κ΄€κ³„λŒ€λͺ…사가 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ "they"κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒμ€ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ ν‘œν˜„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
The problem is using the preposition IN with WHERE.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” WHERE와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ „μΉ˜μ‚¬ IN을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
This adjective clause only needs WHERE.
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이 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬ μ ˆμ—λŠ” WHERE만 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:39
Since this adjective clause refers back to a place with the meaning of THERE or "in that place,"
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이 ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ€ THERE λ˜λŠ” "in that place"의 의미둜 μž₯μ†Œλ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
08:48
we could either use WHERE or a preposition of location plus WHICH.
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WHERE λ˜λŠ” μœ„μΉ˜μ— WHICHλ₯Ό λ”ν•œ μ „μΉ˜μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
In which.
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μ–΄λŠ.
08:57
I'd say: The kitchen is one of the rooms where Jennifer has filmed.
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λΆ€μ—Œμ€ Jenniferκ°€ μ΄¬μ˜ν•œ λ°© 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:11
The problem is using "this fact."
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” "이 사싀"을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
It becomes confusing to identify the subject of the adjective clause.
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ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λ₯Ό μ‹λ³„ν•˜λŠ” 것이 ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
We can use "a fact which" to refer back to the main clause.
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μ£Όμ ˆμ„ λ‹€μ‹œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ "사싀 which"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
The sentence should read:
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λ¬Έμž₯은 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:44
So how did you do? If you need to review more, go back to the earlier lessons.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? 볡슡이 더 ν•„μš”ν•œ 경우 이전 λ‹¨μ›μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
09:53
If you found the review quiz helpful, please remember to like this video.
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리뷰 ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ 도움이 λ˜μ…¨λ‹€λ©΄ 이 μ˜μƒμ— μ’‹μ•„μš”λ₯Ό λˆŒλŸ¬μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
09:58
I hope this has been a series that has helped you feel more confident about English grammar.
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이 μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ˜λ¬Έλ²•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ’€ 더 μžμ‹ κ°μ„ κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 도움이 λ˜μ—ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
That's all for now on adjective clauses. As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬μ ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ΄ μ „λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 늘 그렇듯이 μ‹œμ²­ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즐거운 κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ„Έμš”!
10:12
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μ œλ‹ˆνΌμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ˜μ–΄μ˜ ν›„μ›μžκ°€ λ˜μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:15
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νŠΉλ³„ 배지 λ³΄λ„ˆμŠ€ κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Ό ν™”λ©΄ ν¬λ ˆλ”§κ³Ό μ›”κ°„ 라이브 μŠ€νŠΈλ¦Όμ„ λ°›κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
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μžμ„Έν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ€ 링크λ₯Ό ν΄λ¦­ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μ„€λͺ…을 μ°Έμ‘°ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
10:25
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ν˜„μž¬ λͺ¨λ“  κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ 후원이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:34
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μ–΄νœ˜ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ μœ„ν•΄ Twitterμ—μ„œ 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”. μ €λŠ” μ›”μš”μΌλΆ€ν„° κΈˆμš”μΌκΉŒμ§€ 거기에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:40
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일주일 λ‚΄λ‚΄ μ–Έμ–΄ μ—°μŠ΅μ„ μœ„ν•΄ Facebookμ—μ„œ μ €λ₯Ό νŒ”λ‘œμš°ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
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아직 κ΅¬λ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌμ…¨λ‹€λ©΄ 제 채널을 κ΅¬λ…ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”. μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ‚΄κ°€ YouTube에 μ—…λ‘œλ“œν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μƒˆ λ™μ˜μƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ•Œλ¦Όμ„ λ°›κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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