Advanced Adverbs | English Grammar | Speak Clearly & Confidently

21,784 views ใƒป 2023-09-12

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:01
I'm Jennifer.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
And today you're going to add theย  10 most common C1 adverbs to yourย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ C1 ๋ถ€์‚ฌ 10๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
00:09
vocabulary so you can get to thatย  advanced fluent level in English.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
And at the end, I'm going to quiz you toย  make sure you really know these adverbs.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Let's get started.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
00:21
In this video you're goingย  to learn advanced adverbs.
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
C1 adverbs.
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C1 ๋ถ€์‚ฌ.
00:27
The C1 level is an advancedย  level of English proficiency.
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C1 ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์˜์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
Students at this level are expected to have a wideย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ
00:35
range of vocabulary and usedย  advanced language structures.
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์–ดํœ˜์™€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Now, before we start, just remember that adverbsย  can modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:50
Adverbs are there to addย  more detail, more clarity,ย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:55
or to emphasize the word used in the sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Adverbs are easy to identify in a sentence becauseย ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ly๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:05
they're commonly formed byย  adding ly to the adjective.
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.
01:10
With that, let's review the top tenย  C1 adverbs incessantly, Incessantly.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์ƒ์œ„ 10๊ฐœ C1 ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
This means without interruption or continuously.
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์ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋‹จ ์—†์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
For example, the alarm kept ringingย  incessantly until she finally woke up.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊นจ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ๋žŒ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
Of course, I could say the alarm keptย  ringing until she finally woke up.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ๊ณ„์† ์šธ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:37
Adverbs are not required in aย  sentence, but when I say incessantly,ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ , ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
01:43
you have this picture in your mind of thisย  this action happening non-stop continuously.
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์ด ๋™์ž‘์ด ์‰ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
So all of a sudden it sounds a lot moreย  annoying or frustrating than without the adverb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
The alarm kept ringing incessantlyย  until she finally woke up.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊นจ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ๋žŒ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Inevitably, inevitably, that's fun to say.
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ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Inevitably this means certain to happen.
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ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
So let's take an example with population growth.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
I could say with the increasing population,ย  traffic jams are inevitably becoming more common.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํ”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Again, I could simply say trafficย  jams are becoming more common,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์ด ์ ์  ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜
02:33
but when I add inevitably, it emphasizes that andย ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด
02:40
you know that this is definitely goingย  to happen, this is certain to happen.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
And of course, a trafficย  jam is when you are unableย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์€
02:53
to move because there are cars all around you.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
A traffic jam, something that weย  inevitably deal with inordinately,ย ย 
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๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ,
03:05
inordinately, This means excessively or unusually.
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
For example, he was inordinatelyย  excited about his art exhibition.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ „์‹œํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Of course you expect someoneย  to be excited about their artย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์ˆ 
03:24
expedition or any sort of event or presentation.
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ํƒํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์— ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
But if you say he was inordinatelyย  excited all of a sudden, I don'tย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ
03:36
think this is a good thing because itย  means there is too much excitement.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:42
The amount of excitement is notย  appropriate to the situation.
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ํฅ๋ถ„์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
So this is how adverbs areย  so valuable because they canย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
03:52
really change the overall meaning of a sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
He was inordinately excited aboutย  his upcoming art exhibition,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ „์‹œํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ,
04:01
and maybe you were inordinately upsetย  about making a mistake In English.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
It's normal to make mistakes,ย ย 
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์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด
04:12
but the amount of upset that you becameย  was too much given the situation.
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Magnanimously, Magnanimously.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
04:23
That's a long word.
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๋ง์ด ์ฐธ ๊ธธ๊ตฐ์š”.
04:25
Magnanimously.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
04:27
This means in a generous and forgiving way.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฉ์„œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
For example, my old boss was magnanimouslyย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜์˜ ์˜› ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:36
friendly after he found outย  I started my own company.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
So I was working for thisย  company, but then I quit.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์–ด์š”.
04:46
I left and I started my own company that's goingย  to compete directly with the existing company.
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์ €๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์กด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
So you would expect thatย  my boss, my previous boss,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ, ๋‚ด ์ „ ์ƒ์‚ฌ,
04:59
my old boss, would be upset, but he was friendly.
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๋‚ด ์˜› ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
So I can say magnanimously friendly to showย  that he was friendly in a forgiving way.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:12
He wanted to show that he wasn't upset becauseย  I left and started my own company, ostensibly.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‚ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Ostensibly, this means appearing as oneย  thing when it is really something else.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:28
For example, he was obstensively happy,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ฐ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ๊ธฐ
05:32
so I know that he's appearing happy,ย  but there's really something else.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
So in reality he isn't happy.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
I know that because I said obstensively happy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ฐ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
He was obstensively happy about the news,ย  but deep down he was really worried.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์†Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
So he appeared happy.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
But in reality he's worried deep down.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ ์† ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
That represents the feelings on the insideย  that we generally don't show to the public.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:07
Perpetually, perpetually.
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์˜์›ํžˆ, ์˜์›ํžˆ.
06:11
This means constantly or continuouslyย  over a long period of time, for example.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:18
She's perpetually late.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
This is not a good thing, becauseย  if you said she's late, well,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉดย ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:26
that simply means she's late rightย  now in this specific situation.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
But if I add the adverb perpetually, Iย  know it means constantly, which is allย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€์†์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
06:38
the time it's a reoccurring action, orย  continuously over a long period of time.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ง€์†์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
She's perpetually late.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Not a good thing.
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์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
Precariously, precariously.
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์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ, ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ.
06:53
This means dangerously or in an unstable way.
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์ด๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
For example, the hiker walkedย  precariously along the edge of the Cliff,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋“ฑ์‚ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ
07:07
so there's an edge of a Cliff.
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์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
That's already a dangerous situation,ย ย 
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์ด๋ฏธ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ธ๋ฐ,
07:13
but if he's walking precariously, itย  means he's walking in an unstable way.
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์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
07:20
So he's walking like this or a dangerous way.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
He's extremely close to the edge of the Cliff.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
Superfluously.
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๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
07:31
This is also fun to say superfluously.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
This means in an unnecessary or excessive manner,ย  so too much, too much beyond what is needed.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด, ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
For example, the report was superfluously long,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:50
so reports can be long, but if you say it wasย  superfluously long, it means unnecessarily long.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
They made one section of the report 10 pages,ย  when it could have easily been one page.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ํ•œ ์„น์…˜์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ 10ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:07
So hopefully you don't think thatย  this video is superfluously long,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
08:13
excessively long, too longย  than needed, wanted or desired.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:20
Unanimously.
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๋งŒ์žฅ์ผ์น˜๋กœ.
08:22
Unanimously.
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๋งŒ์žฅ์ผ์น˜๋กœ.
08:24
This means with completeย  agreement of all parties involved.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
So everyone agrees with the same thing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
They all agree yes, or they all agree no,ย  or they all agree some other decision.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
For example, the board membersย  unanimously approved the annual report.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์€ ์—ฐ๋ก€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์žฅ์ผ์น˜๋กœ ์Šน์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
This means that every boardย  member said yes, I approve.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด '์˜ˆ, ์Šน์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
They unanimously approved vehemently.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งŒ์žฅ์ผ์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์Šน์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
Vehemently.
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๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
09:00
This means in a strong and emotional way.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
For example, she vehemently opposedย  the idea of relocating to a new city.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
When you relocate, it means you permanently moveย  from where you live now to a different location.
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์ด์ „ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So she opposed this idea.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
She didn't want to relocate.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
But if I say she vehemently opposed,ย  you know it was with strong emotion.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
She feels very strongly that sheย  doesn't want to move to relocate.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
She vehemently opposed relocating to a new city.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํžˆ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
So now you have 10 advancedย  adverbs in your vocabularyย ย 
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์ด์ œ
09:51
to help you sound fluent andย  advanced at that C1 level.
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C1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” 10๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
So let's find out how well youย  know these adverbs with a quiz.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:01
Here are the questions.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
Hit pause, take as much time as you need, andย  when you're ready to see the answers, hit play.
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์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋ณผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
10:12
So how'd you do with that quiz?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ’€์—ˆ์–ด์š”?
10:14
Well, let's find out.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด์ž.
10:16
Here are the answers.
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Hit pause, review them, and whenย  you're ready to move on, hit play.
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์ผ์‹œ์ค‘์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
10:26
So how do you do with that quiz?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ’€๊นŒ์š”?
10:28
Share your score in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:31
And remember, don't get inordinately upset ifย  you got one wrong or two wrong or even 10 wrong.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐœ, ๋‘ ๊ฐœ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์—ด ๊ฐœ๋ผ๋„ ํ‹€๋ ค๋„ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
10:40
That's part of the learning process.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
And share your favorite adverb from thisย  list in the comments and try an exampleย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชฉ๋ก์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:49
sentence And you can get this freeย  speaking guide where I share 6 tipsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:54
on how to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
11:00
And why don't you get startedย  with your next lesson right now?
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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